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1da177e4
LT
1/*
2 * linux/init/main.c
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
5 *
6 * GK 2/5/95 - Changed to support mounting root fs via NFS
7 * Added initrd & change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
8 * Moan early if gcc is old, avoiding bogus kernels - Paul Gortmaker, May '96
9 * Simplified starting of init: Michael A. Griffith <grif@acm.org>
10 */
11
1da177e4
LT
12#include <linux/types.h>
13#include <linux/module.h>
14#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
1da177e4
LT
15#include <linux/kernel.h>
16#include <linux/syscalls.h>
9b5609fd 17#include <linux/stackprotector.h>
1da177e4
LT
18#include <linux/string.h>
19#include <linux/ctype.h>
20#include <linux/delay.h>
1da177e4
LT
21#include <linux/ioport.h>
22#include <linux/init.h>
23#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
24#include <linux/initrd.h>
1da177e4 25#include <linux/bootmem.h>
4a7a16dc 26#include <linux/acpi.h>
1da177e4 27#include <linux/tty.h>
1da177e4
LT
28#include <linux/percpu.h>
29#include <linux/kmod.h>
db64fe02 30#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
1da177e4 31#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
d7cd5611 32#include <linux/start_kernel.h>
1da177e4 33#include <linux/security.h>
3d442233 34#include <linux/smp.h>
1da177e4
LT
35#include <linux/workqueue.h>
36#include <linux/profile.h>
37#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
38#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
39#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
40#include <linux/writeback.h>
41#include <linux/cpu.h>
42#include <linux/cpuset.h>
ddbcc7e8 43#include <linux/cgroup.h>
1da177e4 44#include <linux/efi.h>
906568c9 45#include <linux/tick.h>
6168a702 46#include <linux/interrupt.h>
c757249a 47#include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
ca74e92b 48#include <linux/delayacct.h>
1da177e4
LT
49#include <linux/unistd.h>
50#include <linux/rmap.h>
51#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
52#include <linux/key.h>
b6cd0b77 53#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
94b6da5a 54#include <linux/page_cgroup.h>
9a11b49a 55#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
3ac7fe5a 56#include <linux/debugobjects.h>
fbb9ce95 57#include <linux/lockdep.h>
3c7b4e6b 58#include <linux/kmemleak.h>
84d73786 59#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
1f21782e 60#include <linux/device.h>
73c27992 61#include <linux/kthread.h>
e6fe6649 62#include <linux/sched.h>
a1c9eea9 63#include <linux/signal.h>
199f0ca5 64#include <linux/idr.h>
0b4b3827 65#include <linux/kgdb.h>
68bf21aa 66#include <linux/ftrace.h>
22a9d645 67#include <linux/async.h>
dfec072e 68#include <linux/kmemcheck.h>
02af61bb 69#include <linux/kmemtrace.h>
6ae6996a 70#include <linux/sfi.h>
2b2af54a 71#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
5a0e3ad6 72#include <linux/slab.h>
3f5ec136 73#include <trace/boot.h>
1da177e4
LT
74
75#include <asm/io.h>
76#include <asm/bugs.h>
77#include <asm/setup.h>
a940199f 78#include <asm/sections.h>
37b73c82 79#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
1da177e4 80
1da177e4
LT
81#ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
82#include <asm/smp.h>
83#endif
84
aae5f662 85static int kernel_init(void *);
1da177e4
LT
86
87extern void init_IRQ(void);
1da177e4
LT
88extern void fork_init(unsigned long);
89extern void mca_init(void);
90extern void sbus_init(void);
1da177e4
LT
91extern void prio_tree_init(void);
92extern void radix_tree_init(void);
93extern void free_initmem(void);
37b73c82
AV
94#ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
95static inline void mark_rodata_ro(void) { }
96#endif
1da177e4
LT
97
98#ifdef CONFIG_TC
99extern void tc_init(void);
100#endif
101
a6826048 102enum system_states system_state __read_mostly;
1da177e4
LT
103EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_state);
104
105/*
106 * Boot command-line arguments
107 */
108#define MAX_INIT_ARGS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
109#define MAX_INIT_ENVS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
110
111extern void time_init(void);
112/* Default late time init is NULL. archs can override this later. */
d2e3192b 113void (*__initdata late_time_init)(void);
1da177e4
LT
114extern void softirq_init(void);
115
30d7e0d4
ABL
116/* Untouched command line saved by arch-specific code. */
117char __initdata boot_command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
118/* Untouched saved command line (eg. for /proc) */
119char *saved_command_line;
120/* Command line for parameter parsing */
121static char *static_command_line;
1da177e4
LT
122
123static char *execute_command;
ffdfc409 124static char *ramdisk_execute_command;
1da177e4 125
8b3b2955 126#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1da177e4 127/* Setup configured maximum number of CPUs to activate */
75cbfb97
TR
128unsigned int setup_max_cpus = NR_CPUS;
129EXPORT_SYMBOL(setup_max_cpus);
130
7e96287d 131
1da177e4
LT
132/*
133 * Setup routine for controlling SMP activation
134 *
135 * Command-line option of "nosmp" or "maxcpus=0" will disable SMP
136 * activation entirely (the MPS table probe still happens, though).
137 *
138 * Command-line option of "maxcpus=<NUM>", where <NUM> is an integer
139 * greater than 0, limits the maximum number of CPUs activated in
140 * SMP mode to <NUM>.
141 */
65a4e574
IM
142
143void __weak arch_disable_smp_support(void) { }
61ec7567 144
1da177e4
LT
145static int __init nosmp(char *str)
146{
ca74a6f8 147 setup_max_cpus = 0;
65a4e574
IM
148 arch_disable_smp_support();
149
8b3b2955 150 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
151}
152
8b3b2955 153early_param("nosmp", nosmp);
1da177e4 154
2b633e3f
YL
155/* this is hard limit */
156static int __init nrcpus(char *str)
157{
158 int nr_cpus;
159
160 get_option(&str, &nr_cpus);
161 if (nr_cpus > 0 && nr_cpus < nr_cpu_ids)
162 nr_cpu_ids = nr_cpus;
163
164 return 0;
165}
166
167early_param("nr_cpus", nrcpus);
168
1da177e4
LT
169static int __init maxcpus(char *str)
170{
ca74a6f8
AK
171 get_option(&str, &setup_max_cpus);
172 if (setup_max_cpus == 0)
65a4e574 173 arch_disable_smp_support();
61ec7567
LB
174
175 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
176}
177
81340977 178early_param("maxcpus", maxcpus);
8b3b2955 179#else
7463e633 180static const unsigned int setup_max_cpus = NR_CPUS;
8b3b2955
JB
181#endif
182
183/*
184 * If set, this is an indication to the drivers that reset the underlying
185 * device before going ahead with the initialization otherwise driver might
186 * rely on the BIOS and skip the reset operation.
187 *
188 * This is useful if kernel is booting in an unreliable environment.
189 * For ex. kdump situaiton where previous kernel has crashed, BIOS has been
190 * skipped and devices will be in unknown state.
191 */
192unsigned int reset_devices;
193EXPORT_SYMBOL(reset_devices);
1da177e4 194
7e96287d
VG
195static int __init set_reset_devices(char *str)
196{
197 reset_devices = 1;
198 return 1;
199}
200
201__setup("reset_devices", set_reset_devices);
202
1da177e4
LT
203static char * argv_init[MAX_INIT_ARGS+2] = { "init", NULL, };
204char * envp_init[MAX_INIT_ENVS+2] = { "HOME=/", "TERM=linux", NULL, };
205static const char *panic_later, *panic_param;
206
207extern struct obs_kernel_param __setup_start[], __setup_end[];
208
209static int __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line)
210{
211 struct obs_kernel_param *p;
33df0d19 212 int had_early_param = 0;
1da177e4
LT
213
214 p = __setup_start;
215 do {
216 int n = strlen(p->str);
217 if (!strncmp(line, p->str, n)) {
218 if (p->early) {
33df0d19
RR
219 /* Already done in parse_early_param?
220 * (Needs exact match on param part).
221 * Keep iterating, as we can have early
222 * params and __setups of same names 8( */
1da177e4 223 if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=')
33df0d19 224 had_early_param = 1;
1da177e4
LT
225 } else if (!p->setup_func) {
226 printk(KERN_WARNING "Parameter %s is obsolete,"
227 " ignored\n", p->str);
228 return 1;
229 } else if (p->setup_func(line + n))
230 return 1;
231 }
232 p++;
233 } while (p < __setup_end);
33df0d19
RR
234
235 return had_early_param;
1da177e4
LT
236}
237
238/*
239 * This should be approx 2 Bo*oMips to start (note initial shift), and will
240 * still work even if initially too large, it will just take slightly longer
241 */
242unsigned long loops_per_jiffy = (1<<12);
243
244EXPORT_SYMBOL(loops_per_jiffy);
245
246static int __init debug_kernel(char *str)
247{
1da177e4 248 console_loglevel = 10;
f6f21c81 249 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
250}
251
252static int __init quiet_kernel(char *str)
253{
1da177e4 254 console_loglevel = 4;
f6f21c81 255 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
256}
257
f6f21c81
YL
258early_param("debug", debug_kernel);
259early_param("quiet", quiet_kernel);
1da177e4
LT
260
261static int __init loglevel(char *str)
262{
263 get_option(&str, &console_loglevel);
d9d4fcfe 264 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
265}
266
f6f21c81 267early_param("loglevel", loglevel);
1da177e4
LT
268
269/*
270 * Unknown boot options get handed to init, unless they look like
f066a4f6 271 * unused parameters (modprobe will find them in /proc/cmdline).
1da177e4
LT
272 */
273static int __init unknown_bootoption(char *param, char *val)
274{
275 /* Change NUL term back to "=", to make "param" the whole string. */
276 if (val) {
277 /* param=val or param="val"? */
278 if (val == param+strlen(param)+1)
279 val[-1] = '=';
280 else if (val == param+strlen(param)+2) {
281 val[-2] = '=';
282 memmove(val-1, val, strlen(val)+1);
283 val--;
284 } else
285 BUG();
286 }
287
288 /* Handle obsolete-style parameters */
289 if (obsolete_checksetup(param))
290 return 0;
291
f066a4f6
RR
292 /* Unused module parameter. */
293 if (strchr(param, '.') && (!val || strchr(param, '.') < val))
1da177e4 294 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
295
296 if (panic_later)
297 return 0;
298
299 if (val) {
300 /* Environment option */
301 unsigned int i;
302 for (i = 0; envp_init[i]; i++) {
303 if (i == MAX_INIT_ENVS) {
304 panic_later = "Too many boot env vars at `%s'";
305 panic_param = param;
306 }
307 if (!strncmp(param, envp_init[i], val - param))
308 break;
309 }
310 envp_init[i] = param;
311 } else {
312 /* Command line option */
313 unsigned int i;
314 for (i = 0; argv_init[i]; i++) {
315 if (i == MAX_INIT_ARGS) {
316 panic_later = "Too many boot init vars at `%s'";
317 panic_param = param;
318 }
319 }
320 argv_init[i] = param;
321 }
322 return 0;
323}
324
12d6f21e
IM
325#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
326int __read_mostly debug_pagealloc_enabled = 0;
327#endif
328
1da177e4
LT
329static int __init init_setup(char *str)
330{
331 unsigned int i;
332
333 execute_command = str;
334 /*
335 * In case LILO is going to boot us with default command line,
336 * it prepends "auto" before the whole cmdline which makes
337 * the shell think it should execute a script with such name.
338 * So we ignore all arguments entered _before_ init=... [MJ]
339 */
340 for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
341 argv_init[i] = NULL;
342 return 1;
343}
344__setup("init=", init_setup);
345
ffdfc409
OJ
346static int __init rdinit_setup(char *str)
347{
348 unsigned int i;
349
350 ramdisk_execute_command = str;
351 /* See "auto" comment in init_setup */
352 for (i = 1; i < MAX_INIT_ARGS; i++)
353 argv_init[i] = NULL;
354 return 1;
355}
356__setup("rdinit=", rdinit_setup);
357
1da177e4
LT
358#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
359
360#ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
361static void __init smp_init(void)
362{
363 APIC_init_uniprocessor();
364}
365#else
366#define smp_init() do { } while (0)
367#endif
368
e0982e90 369static inline void setup_nr_cpu_ids(void) { }
1da177e4
LT
370static inline void smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int maxcpus) { }
371
372#else
373
e0982e90
MT
374/* Setup number of possible processor ids */
375int nr_cpu_ids __read_mostly = NR_CPUS;
376EXPORT_SYMBOL(nr_cpu_ids);
377
378/* An arch may set nr_cpu_ids earlier if needed, so this would be redundant */
379static void __init setup_nr_cpu_ids(void)
380{
e0c0ba73 381 nr_cpu_ids = find_last_bit(cpumask_bits(cpu_possible_mask),NR_CPUS) + 1;
e0982e90
MT
382}
383
1da177e4
LT
384/* Called by boot processor to activate the rest. */
385static void __init smp_init(void)
386{
53b8a315 387 unsigned int cpu;
1da177e4
LT
388
389 /* FIXME: This should be done in userspace --RR */
53b8a315 390 for_each_present_cpu(cpu) {
ca74a6f8 391 if (num_online_cpus() >= setup_max_cpus)
1da177e4 392 break;
53b8a315
CL
393 if (!cpu_online(cpu))
394 cpu_up(cpu);
1da177e4
LT
395 }
396
397 /* Any cleanup work */
398 printk(KERN_INFO "Brought up %ld CPUs\n", (long)num_online_cpus());
ca74a6f8 399 smp_cpus_done(setup_max_cpus);
1da177e4
LT
400}
401
402#endif
403
30d7e0d4
ABL
404/*
405 * We need to store the untouched command line for future reference.
406 * We also need to store the touched command line since the parameter
407 * parsing is performed in place, and we should allow a component to
408 * store reference of name/value for future reference.
409 */
410static void __init setup_command_line(char *command_line)
411{
412 saved_command_line = alloc_bootmem(strlen (boot_command_line)+1);
413 static_command_line = alloc_bootmem(strlen (command_line)+1);
414 strcpy (saved_command_line, boot_command_line);
415 strcpy (static_command_line, command_line);
416}
417
1da177e4
LT
418/*
419 * We need to finalize in a non-__init function or else race conditions
420 * between the root thread and the init thread may cause start_kernel to
421 * be reaped by free_initmem before the root thread has proceeded to
422 * cpu_idle.
423 *
424 * gcc-3.4 accidentally inlines this function, so use noinline.
425 */
426
f99ebf0a 427static noinline void __init_refok rest_init(void)
1da177e4
LT
428 __releases(kernel_lock)
429{
73c27992
EB
430 int pid;
431
7db905e6 432 rcu_scheduler_starting();
aae5f662 433 kernel_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_SIGHAND);
1da177e4 434 numa_default_policy();
73c27992 435 pid = kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES);
d11c563d 436 rcu_read_lock();
5cd20455 437 kthreadd_task = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
d11c563d 438 rcu_read_unlock();
1da177e4 439 unlock_kernel();
f340c0d1
IM
440
441 /*
442 * The boot idle thread must execute schedule()
1df21055 443 * at least once to get things moving:
f340c0d1 444 */
1df21055 445 init_idle_bootup_task(current);
5bfb5d69 446 preempt_enable_no_resched();
f340c0d1 447 schedule();
5bfb5d69 448 preempt_disable();
f340c0d1 449
5bfb5d69 450 /* Call into cpu_idle with preempt disabled */
1da177e4 451 cpu_idle();
1df21055 452}
1da177e4
LT
453
454/* Check for early params. */
455static int __init do_early_param(char *param, char *val)
456{
457 struct obs_kernel_param *p;
458
459 for (p = __setup_start; p < __setup_end; p++) {
18a8bd94
YL
460 if ((p->early && strcmp(param, p->str) == 0) ||
461 (strcmp(param, "console") == 0 &&
462 strcmp(p->str, "earlycon") == 0)
463 ) {
1da177e4
LT
464 if (p->setup_func(val) != 0)
465 printk(KERN_WARNING
466 "Malformed early option '%s'\n", param);
467 }
468 }
469 /* We accept everything at this stage. */
470 return 0;
471}
472
13977091
MD
473void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline)
474{
475 parse_args("early options", cmdline, NULL, 0, do_early_param);
476}
477
1da177e4
LT
478/* Arch code calls this early on, or if not, just before other parsing. */
479void __init parse_early_param(void)
480{
481 static __initdata int done = 0;
482 static __initdata char tmp_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
483
484 if (done)
485 return;
486
487 /* All fall through to do_early_param. */
30d7e0d4 488 strlcpy(tmp_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
13977091 489 parse_early_options(tmp_cmdline);
1da177e4
LT
490 done = 1;
491}
492
493/*
494 * Activate the first processor.
495 */
496
44fd2299
SS
497static void __init boot_cpu_init(void)
498{
499 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
500 /* Mark the boot cpu "present", "online" etc for SMP and UP case */
915441b6 501 set_cpu_online(cpu, true);
933b0618 502 set_cpu_active(cpu, true);
915441b6
RR
503 set_cpu_present(cpu, true);
504 set_cpu_possible(cpu, true);
44fd2299
SS
505}
506
839ad62e 507void __init __weak smp_setup_processor_id(void)
033ab7f8
AM
508{
509}
510
8c9843e5
BH
511void __init __weak thread_info_cache_init(void)
512{
513}
514
444f478f
PE
515/*
516 * Set up kernel memory allocators
517 */
518static void __init mm_init(void)
519{
ca371c0d
KH
520 /*
521 * page_cgroup requires countinous pages as memmap
522 * and it's bigger than MAX_ORDER unless SPARSEMEM.
523 */
524 page_cgroup_init_flatmem();
444f478f
PE
525 mem_init();
526 kmem_cache_init();
c868d550 527 pgtable_cache_init();
444f478f
PE
528 vmalloc_init();
529}
530
1da177e4
LT
531asmlinkage void __init start_kernel(void)
532{
533 char * command_line;
534 extern struct kernel_param __start___param[], __stop___param[];
033ab7f8
AM
535
536 smp_setup_processor_id();
537
fbb9ce95
IM
538 /*
539 * Need to run as early as possible, to initialize the
540 * lockdep hash:
541 */
542 lockdep_init();
3ac7fe5a 543 debug_objects_early_init();
42059429
IM
544
545 /*
546 * Set up the the initial canary ASAP:
547 */
548 boot_init_stack_canary();
549
ddbcc7e8 550 cgroup_init_early();
fbb9ce95
IM
551
552 local_irq_disable();
553 early_boot_irqs_off();
243c7621 554 early_init_irq_lock_class();
fbb9ce95 555
1da177e4
LT
556/*
557 * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then
558 * enable them
559 */
560 lock_kernel();
906568c9 561 tick_init();
44fd2299 562 boot_cpu_init();
1da177e4 563 page_address_init();
657cafa6 564 printk(KERN_NOTICE "%s", linux_banner);
1da177e4 565 setup_arch(&command_line);
cf475ad2 566 mm_init_owner(&init_mm, &init_task);
30d7e0d4 567 setup_command_line(command_line);
e0982e90 568 setup_nr_cpu_ids();
d6647bdf 569 setup_per_cpu_areas();
44fd2299 570 smp_prepare_boot_cpu(); /* arch-specific boot-cpu hooks */
1da177e4 571
1f522509 572 build_all_zonelists(NULL);
83b519e8
PE
573 page_alloc_init();
574
575 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Kernel command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
576 parse_early_param();
577 parse_args("Booting kernel", static_command_line, __start___param,
578 __stop___param - __start___param,
579 &unknown_bootoption);
580 /*
581 * These use large bootmem allocations and must precede
582 * kmem_cache_init()
583 */
584 pidhash_init();
83b519e8
PE
585 vfs_caches_init_early();
586 sort_main_extable();
587 trap_init();
444f478f 588 mm_init();
1da177e4
LT
589 /*
590 * Set up the scheduler prior starting any interrupts (such as the
591 * timer interrupt). Full topology setup happens at smp_init()
592 * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler.
593 */
594 sched_init();
595 /*
596 * Disable preemption - early bootup scheduling is extremely
597 * fragile until we cpu_idle() for the first time.
598 */
599 preempt_disable();
c4a68306
AB
600 if (!irqs_disabled()) {
601 printk(KERN_WARNING "start_kernel(): bug: interrupts were "
602 "enabled *very* early, fixing it\n");
603 local_irq_disable();
604 }
1da177e4 605 rcu_init();
773e3eb7 606 radix_tree_init();
0b8f1efa
YL
607 /* init some links before init_ISA_irqs() */
608 early_irq_init();
1da177e4 609 init_IRQ();
3c7b4e6b 610 prio_tree_init();
1da177e4 611 init_timers();
c0a31329 612 hrtimers_init();
1da177e4 613 softirq_init();
ad596171 614 timekeeping_init();
88fecaa2 615 time_init();
93e02814
HC
616 profile_init();
617 if (!irqs_disabled())
24d431d0
RL
618 printk(KERN_CRIT "start_kernel(): bug: interrupts were "
619 "enabled early\n");
fbb9ce95 620 early_boot_irqs_on();
93e02814 621 local_irq_enable();
dcce284a
BH
622
623 /* Interrupts are enabled now so all GFP allocations are safe. */
452aa699 624 gfp_allowed_mask = __GFP_BITS_MASK;
dcce284a 625
7e85ee0c 626 kmem_cache_init_late();
1da177e4
LT
627
628 /*
629 * HACK ALERT! This is early. We're enabling the console before
630 * we've done PCI setups etc, and console_init() must be aware of
631 * this. But we do want output early, in case something goes wrong.
632 */
633 console_init();
634 if (panic_later)
635 panic(panic_later, panic_param);
fbb9ce95
IM
636
637 lockdep_info();
638
9a11b49a
IM
639 /*
640 * Need to run this when irqs are enabled, because it wants
641 * to self-test [hard/soft]-irqs on/off lock inversion bugs
642 * too:
643 */
644 locking_selftest();
645
1da177e4
LT
646#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
647 if (initrd_start && !initrd_below_start_ok &&
bd673c7c 648 page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)) < min_low_pfn) {
1da177e4 649 printk(KERN_CRIT "initrd overwritten (0x%08lx < 0x%08lx) - "
fb6624eb 650 "disabling it.\n",
bd673c7c
GU
651 page_to_pfn(virt_to_page((void *)initrd_start)),
652 min_low_pfn);
1da177e4
LT
653 initrd_start = 0;
654 }
655#endif
94b6da5a 656 page_cgroup_init();
a03c2a48 657 enable_debug_pagealloc();
b9ce08c0 658 kmemtrace_init();
3c7b4e6b 659 kmemleak_init();
3ac7fe5a 660 debug_objects_mem_init();
199f0ca5 661 idr_init_cache();
e7c8d5c9 662 setup_per_cpu_pageset();
1da177e4
LT
663 numa_policy_init();
664 if (late_time_init)
665 late_time_init();
fa84e9ee 666 sched_clock_init();
1da177e4
LT
667 calibrate_delay();
668 pidmap_init();
1da177e4
LT
669 anon_vma_init();
670#ifdef CONFIG_X86
671 if (efi_enabled)
672 efi_enter_virtual_mode();
673#endif
8c9843e5 674 thread_info_cache_init();
d84f4f99 675 cred_init();
4481374c 676 fork_init(totalram_pages);
1da177e4
LT
677 proc_caches_init();
678 buffer_init();
1da177e4
LT
679 key_init();
680 security_init();
0b4b3827 681 dbg_late_init();
4481374c 682 vfs_caches_init(totalram_pages);
1da177e4
LT
683 signals_init();
684 /* rootfs populating might need page-writeback */
685 page_writeback_init();
686#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
687 proc_root_init();
688#endif
ddbcc7e8 689 cgroup_init();
1da177e4 690 cpuset_init();
c757249a 691 taskstats_init_early();
ca74e92b 692 delayacct_init();
1da177e4
LT
693
694 check_bugs();
695
696 acpi_early_init(); /* before LAPIC and SMP init */
6ae6996a 697 sfi_init_late();
1da177e4 698
68bf21aa
SR
699 ftrace_init();
700
1da177e4
LT
701 /* Do the rest non-__init'ed, we're now alive */
702 rest_init();
703}
704
b99b87f7
PO
705/* Call all constructor functions linked into the kernel. */
706static void __init do_ctors(void)
707{
708#ifdef CONFIG_CONSTRUCTORS
196a15b4 709 ctor_fn_t *fn = (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_start;
b99b87f7 710
196a15b4
HS
711 for (; fn < (ctor_fn_t *) __ctors_end; fn++)
712 (*fn)();
b99b87f7
PO
713#endif
714}
715
22a9d645 716int initcall_debug;
d0ea3d7d 717core_param(initcall_debug, initcall_debug, bool, 0644);
1da177e4 718
4a683bf9
IM
719static char msgbuf[64];
720static struct boot_trace_call call;
721static struct boot_trace_ret ret;
722
59f9415f 723int do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn)
1da177e4 724{
1da177e4 725 int count = preempt_count();
74239072 726 ktime_t calltime, delta, rettime;
1da177e4 727
e0df154f 728 if (initcall_debug) {
74239072
FW
729 call.caller = task_pid_nr(current);
730 printk("calling %pF @ %i\n", fn, call.caller);
731 calltime = ktime_get();
732 trace_boot_call(&call, fn);
71566a0d 733 enable_boot_trace();
e0df154f 734 }
1da177e4 735
74239072 736 ret.result = fn();
1da177e4 737
e0df154f 738 if (initcall_debug) {
71566a0d 739 disable_boot_trace();
74239072
FW
740 rettime = ktime_get();
741 delta = ktime_sub(rettime, calltime);
1d926f27 742 ret.duration = (unsigned long long) ktime_to_ns(delta) >> 10;
74239072 743 trace_boot_ret(&ret, fn);
ca538f6b 744 printk("initcall %pF returned %d after %Ld usecs\n", fn,
74239072 745 ret.result, ret.duration);
e0df154f 746 }
8f0c45cd 747
e0df154f 748 msgbuf[0] = 0;
e662e1cf 749
74239072
FW
750 if (ret.result && ret.result != -ENODEV && initcall_debug)
751 sprintf(msgbuf, "error code %d ", ret.result);
e662e1cf 752
e0df154f 753 if (preempt_count() != count) {
a76bfd0d 754 strlcat(msgbuf, "preemption imbalance ", sizeof(msgbuf));
e0df154f 755 preempt_count() = count;
1da177e4 756 }
e0df154f 757 if (irqs_disabled()) {
a76bfd0d 758 strlcat(msgbuf, "disabled interrupts ", sizeof(msgbuf));
e0df154f
LT
759 local_irq_enable();
760 }
761 if (msgbuf[0]) {
96d746c6 762 printk("initcall %pF returned with %s\n", fn, msgbuf);
e0df154f 763 }
59f9415f 764
74239072 765 return ret.result;
e0df154f
LT
766}
767
768
c2147a50 769extern initcall_t __initcall_start[], __initcall_end[], __early_initcall_end[];
e0df154f
LT
770
771static void __init do_initcalls(void)
772{
196a15b4 773 initcall_t *fn;
e0df154f 774
196a15b4
HS
775 for (fn = __early_initcall_end; fn < __initcall_end; fn++)
776 do_one_initcall(*fn);
1da177e4
LT
777
778 /* Make sure there is no pending stuff from the initcall sequence */
779 flush_scheduled_work();
780}
781
782/*
783 * Ok, the machine is now initialized. None of the devices
784 * have been touched yet, but the CPU subsystem is up and
785 * running, and memory and process management works.
786 *
787 * Now we can finally start doing some real work..
788 */
789static void __init do_basic_setup(void)
790{
4403b406 791 init_workqueues();
759ee091 792 cpuset_init_smp();
1da177e4 793 usermodehelper_init();
2b2af54a 794 init_tmpfs();
1da177e4 795 driver_init();
b04c3afb 796 init_irq_proc();
b99b87f7 797 do_ctors();
1da177e4
LT
798 do_initcalls();
799}
800
7babe8db 801static void __init do_pre_smp_initcalls(void)
c2147a50 802{
196a15b4 803 initcall_t *fn;
c2147a50 804
196a15b4
HS
805 for (fn = __initcall_start; fn < __early_initcall_end; fn++)
806 do_one_initcall(*fn);
c2147a50
EGM
807}
808
1da177e4
LT
809static void run_init_process(char *init_filename)
810{
811 argv_init[0] = init_filename;
67608567 812 kernel_execve(init_filename, argv_init, envp_init);
1da177e4
LT
813}
814
ee5bfa64
VG
815/* This is a non __init function. Force it to be noinline otherwise gcc
816 * makes it inline to init() and it becomes part of init.text section
817 */
f99ebf0a 818static noinline int init_post(void)
acdd052a 819 __releases(kernel_lock)
ee5bfa64 820{
22a9d645
AV
821 /* need to finish all async __init code before freeing the memory */
822 async_synchronize_full();
ee5bfa64
VG
823 free_initmem();
824 unlock_kernel();
825 mark_rodata_ro();
826 system_state = SYSTEM_RUNNING;
827 numa_default_policy();
828
ee5bfa64 829
fae5fa44
ON
830 current->signal->flags |= SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE;
831
ee5bfa64
VG
832 if (ramdisk_execute_command) {
833 run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command);
834 printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to execute %s\n",
835 ramdisk_execute_command);
836 }
837
838 /*
839 * We try each of these until one succeeds.
840 *
841 * The Bourne shell can be used instead of init if we are
842 * trying to recover a really broken machine.
843 */
844 if (execute_command) {
845 run_init_process(execute_command);
846 printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to execute %s. Attempting "
847 "defaults...\n", execute_command);
848 }
849 run_init_process("/sbin/init");
850 run_init_process("/etc/init");
851 run_init_process("/bin/init");
852 run_init_process("/bin/sh");
853
9a85b8d6
AM
854 panic("No init found. Try passing init= option to kernel. "
855 "See Linux Documentation/init.txt for guidance.");
ee5bfa64
VG
856}
857
aae5f662 858static int __init kernel_init(void * unused)
1da177e4
LT
859{
860 lock_kernel();
58568d2a
MX
861
862 /*
863 * init can allocate pages on any node
864 */
5ab116c9 865 set_mems_allowed(node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY]);
1da177e4
LT
866 /*
867 * init can run on any cpu.
868 */
1a2142af 869 set_cpus_allowed_ptr(current, cpu_all_mask);
1da177e4
LT
870 /*
871 * Tell the world that we're going to be the grim
872 * reaper of innocent orphaned children.
873 *
874 * We don't want people to have to make incorrect
875 * assumptions about where in the task array this
876 * can be found.
877 */
84d73786 878 init_pid_ns.child_reaper = current;
1da177e4 879
9ec52099
CLG
880 cad_pid = task_pid(current);
881
ca74a6f8 882 smp_prepare_cpus(setup_max_cpus);
1da177e4
LT
883
884 do_pre_smp_initcalls();
3bf77af6 885 start_boot_trace();
1da177e4 886
1da177e4
LT
887 smp_init();
888 sched_init_smp();
889
1da177e4
LT
890 do_basic_setup();
891
2bd3a997
EB
892 /* Open the /dev/console on the rootfs, this should never fail */
893 if (sys_open((const char __user *) "/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0) < 0)
894 printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning: unable to open an initial console.\n");
895
896 (void) sys_dup(0);
897 (void) sys_dup(0);
1da177e4
LT
898 /*
899 * check if there is an early userspace init. If yes, let it do all
900 * the work
901 */
ffdfc409
OJ
902
903 if (!ramdisk_execute_command)
904 ramdisk_execute_command = "/init";
905
906 if (sys_access((const char __user *) ramdisk_execute_command, 0) != 0) {
907 ramdisk_execute_command = NULL;
1da177e4 908 prepare_namespace();
ffdfc409 909 }
1da177e4
LT
910
911 /*
912 * Ok, we have completed the initial bootup, and
913 * we're essentially up and running. Get rid of the
914 * initmem segments and start the user-mode stuff..
915 */
71566a0d 916
ee5bfa64
VG
917 init_post();
918 return 0;
1da177e4 919}