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1da177e4
LT		 1
2 LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES (2.6+ version)
3
04c860c1 4 Maintained by Alan Cox <device@lanana.org>
1da177e4 5
e379ec7c 6 Last revised: 6th April 2009
1da177e4
LT		 7
8This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
9device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
10system.
11
12The latest version of this list is available from
13http://www.lanana.org/docs/device-list/ or
14ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/. This version may be
15newer than the one distributed with the Linux kernel.
16
17The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained.
18
19This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy
20Standard (FHS). The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.
21
22Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
23platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
24the Atari platform only.
25
26The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for
27removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released. Some of these
28allocations have already been removed.
29
30This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however,
31that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
32permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
33an unreasonable effort.
34
35In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
36least not without contacting me first.
37
38I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
39on this list. Any such information requests will be deleted without
40reply.
41
42
43 **** DEVICE DRIVERS AUTHORS PLEASE READ THIS ****
44
45To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
46where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
47appropriate device information. Also, if you have additional
48information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
49made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.
50
51I do, however, make a few requests about the nature of your report.
52This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and
53correct in a timely manner. First of all, *please* send it to the
54correct address... <device@lanana.org>. I receive hundreds of email
55messages a day, so mail sent to other addresses may very well get lost
56in the avalanche. Please put in a descriptive subject, so I can find
57your mail again should I need to. Too many people send me email
58saying just "device number request" in the subject.
59
60Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format
61as this list*. The reason for this is that it is the only way I have
62found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your
63device and avoid conflicts.
64
65Third, please don't assume that the distributed version of the list is
66up to date. Due to the number of registrations I have to maintain it
67in "batch mode", so there is likely additional registrations that
68haven't been listed yet.
69
04c860c1
AC		 70Fourth, remember that Linux now has extensive support for dynamic allocation
71of device numbering and can use sysfs and udev to handle the naming needs.
72There are still some exceptions in the serial and boot device area. Before
73asking for a device number make sure you actually need one.
74
1da177e4
LT		 75Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police." Please don't be
76offended. I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound
77to cause conflicts down the road. I am trying to avoid getting in a
78situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward
79change. Therefore, please consult with me *before* you make your
80device names and numbers in any way public, at least to the point
81where it would be at all difficult to get them changed.
82
83Your cooperation is appreciated.
84
85
86 0 Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
87 0 = reserved as null device number
88 See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.
89
90 1 char Memory devices
91 1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access
92 2 = /dev/kmem Kernel virtual memory access
93 3 = /dev/null Null device
94 4 = /dev/port I/O port access
95 5 = /dev/zero Null byte source
96 6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
97 7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write
98 8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.
99 9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
5d3f083d 100 10 = /dev/aio Asynchronous I/O notification interface
1da177e4 101 11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's
8814842f
DJ		 102 12 = /dev/oldmem Used by crashdump kernels to access
103 the memory of the kernel that crashed.
30aaa5c6 104
1da177e4
LT		 105 1 block RAM disk
106 0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk
107 1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk
108 ...
04c860c1 109 250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk
1da177e4
LT		 110
111 Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
112 /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
113 by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
114 the initrd.
115
116 2 char Pseudo-TTY masters
117 0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master
118 1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master
119 ...
120 255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master
121
122 Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
123 * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
124 * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
125 the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
126 * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
127 the position within the series.
128
129 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
130 devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
131 master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
132 demand.
30aaa5c6 133
1da177e4
LT		 134 2 block Floppy disks
135 0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
136 1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
137 2 = /dev/fd2 Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
138 3 = /dev/fd3 Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
139 128 = /dev/fd4 Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
140 129 = /dev/fd5 Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
141 130 = /dev/fd6 Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
142 131 = /dev/fd7 Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
143
144 To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
145 0 = /dev/fd? Autodetect format
146 4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1)
147 20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1)
148 48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive
149 64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive
150 24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive
151 80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1)
152 8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
153 40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
154 56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
155 72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
156 92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
157
158 12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density(2)
159 16 = /dev/fd?u720 3.5" 720K Double Density(1)
160 120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(2)
161 52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density
162 68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density
163 84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1)
164 88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1)
165 28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1)
166 124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1)
167 44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3)
168 60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density
169 76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5" 1743K High Density
170 96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5" 1760K High Density
171 116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5" 1840K High Density(3)
172 100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5" 1920K High Density(1)
173 32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5" 2880K Extra Density(1)
174 104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5" 3200K Extra Density
175 108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5" 3520K Extra Density
176 112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5" 3840K Extra Density(1)
177
178 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
179
180 (1) Autodetectable format
181 (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
182 (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
183
184 NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
185 signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
186 5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
187 (any model, u). The use of the capital letters D, H
188 and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
189 the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
190
191 3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves
192 0 = /dev/ttyp0 First PTY slave
193 1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave
194 ...
195 255 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave
196
197 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
198 devices are on major 136 and above.
199
200 3 block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
201 0 = /dev/hda Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
202 64 = /dev/hdb Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
203
204 For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
205 0 = /dev/hd? Whole disk
206 1 = /dev/hd?1 First partition
207 2 = /dev/hd?2 Second partition
208 ...
209 63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition
210
211 For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
212 partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
213 Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
214 appropriate to their respective architectures.
215
216 4 char TTY devices
217 0 = /dev/tty0 Current virtual console
218
219 1 = /dev/tty1 First virtual console
220 ...
221 63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console
222 64 = /dev/ttyS0 First UART serial port
223 ...
224 255 = /dev/ttyS191 192nd UART serial port
225
226 UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
227
228 Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
229 number for BSD PTY devices. As of Linux 2.1.115, this
230 is no longer supported. Use major numbers 2 and 3.
231
232 4 block Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
233 when its not possible to create the real device nodes
234 because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.
235
236 0 = /dev/root
237
238 5 char Alternate TTY devices
239 0 = /dev/tty Current TTY device
240 1 = /dev/console System console
241 2 = /dev/ptmx PTY master multiplex
242 64 = /dev/cua0 Callout device for ttyS0
243 ...
244 255 = /dev/cua191 Callout device for ttyS191
245
246 (5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71. See
247 the section on terminal devices for more information
248 on /dev/console.
249
250 6 char Parallel printer devices
251 0 = /dev/lp0 Parallel printer on parport0
252 1 = /dev/lp1 Parallel printer on parport1
253 ...
254
255 Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
256 between parallel ports and I/O addresses. Instead,
257 they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
258
259 7 char Virtual console capture devices
260 0 = /dev/vcs Current vc text contents
261 1 = /dev/vcs1 tty1 text contents
262 ...
263 63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text contents
264 128 = /dev/vcsa Current vc text/attribute contents
265 129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents
266 ...
267 191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents
30aaa5c6 268
1da177e4
LT		 269 NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
270
271 7 block Loopback devices
11420211
JE		 272 0 = /dev/loop0 First loop device
273 1 = /dev/loop1 Second loop device
1da177e4
LT		 274 ...
275
11420211 276 The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
1da177e4 277 associated with block devices. The binding to the
11420211 278 loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
1da177e4
LT		 279
280 8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15)
281 0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk
282 16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk
283 32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk
284 ...
285 240 = /dev/sdp Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
286
287 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
288 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
289 partitions is 15.
290
291 9 char SCSI tape devices
292 0 = /dev/st0 First SCSI tape, mode 0
293 1 = /dev/st1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0
294 ...
295 32 = /dev/st0l First SCSI tape, mode 1
296 33 = /dev/st1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1
297 ...
298 64 = /dev/st0m First SCSI tape, mode 2
299 65 = /dev/st1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2
300 ...
301 96 = /dev/st0a First SCSI tape, mode 3
302 97 = /dev/st1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3
303 ...
304 128 = /dev/nst0 First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
305 129 = /dev/nst1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
306 ...
307 160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
308 161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
309 ...
310 192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
311 193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
312 ...
313 224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
314 225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
315 ...
316
317 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
318 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
319 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
320 the device used to access it.
321
322 9 block Metadisk (RAID) devices
323 0 = /dev/md0 First metadisk group
324 1 = /dev/md1 Second metadisk group
325 ...
326
327 The metadisk driver is used to span a
328 filesystem across multiple physical disks.
329
330 10 char Non-serial mice, misc features
331 0 = /dev/logibm Logitech bus mouse
332 1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port
333 2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse
334 3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse
335 4 = /dev/jbm J-mouse
336 4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
337 5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse
338 6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse
339 7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse
340 8 = /dev/smouse Simple serial mouse driver
341 9 = /dev/pc110pad IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
342 10 = /dev/adbmouse Apple Desktop Bus mouse
343 11 = /dev/vrtpanel Vr41xx embedded touch panel
344 13 = /dev/vpcmouse Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
345 14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00 UCB 1x00 touchscreen
346 15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712 MK712 touchscreen
347 128 = /dev/beep Fancy beep device
04c860c1 348 129 =
1da177e4
LT		 349 130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port
350 131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature
351 132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap
352 133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap
353 134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS
354 135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock
355 139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM
356 140 = /dev/relay8 Berkshire Products Octal relay card
357 141 = /dev/relay16 Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
04c860c1 358 142 =
1da177e4
LT		 359 143 = /dev/pciconf PCI configuration space
360 144 = /dev/nvram Non-volatile configuration RAM
04c860c1 361 145 = /dev/hfmodem Soundcard shortwave modem control
1da177e4
LT		 362 146 = /dev/graphics Linux/SGI graphics device
363 147 = /dev/opengl Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
364 148 = /dev/gfx Linux/SGI graphics effects device
365 149 = /dev/input/mouse Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
366 150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
367 151 = /dev/led Front panel LEDs
368 152 = /dev/kpoll Kernel Poll Driver
369 153 = /dev/mergemem Memory merge device
370 154 = /dev/pmu Macintosh PowerBook power manager
371 155 = /dev/isictl MultiTech ISICom serial control
372 156 = /dev/lcd Front panel LCD display
373 157 = /dev/ac Applicom Intl Profibus card
374 158 = /dev/nwbutton Netwinder external button
375 159 = /dev/nwdebug Netwinder debug interface
376 160 = /dev/nwflash Netwinder flash memory
377 161 = /dev/userdma User-space DMA access
378 162 = /dev/smbus System Management Bus
379 163 = /dev/lik Logitech Internet Keyboard
380 164 = /dev/ipmo Intel Intelligent Platform Management
381 165 = /dev/vmmon VMWare virtual machine monitor
382 166 = /dev/i2o/ctl I2O configuration manager
383 167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
384 168 = /dev/tcldrv Technology Concepts serial control
385 169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
386 170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad IBM Thinkpad devices
387 171 = /dev/srripc QNX4 API IPC manager
388 172 = /dev/usemaclone Semaphore clone device
389 173 = /dev/ipmikcs Intelligent Platform Management
390 174 = /dev/uctrl SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
391 175 = /dev/agpgart AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
392 176 = /dev/gtrsc Gorgy Timing radio clock
393 177 = /dev/cbm Serial CBM bus
394 178 = /dev/jsflash JavaStation OS flash SIMM
395 179 = /dev/xsvc High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
396 180 = /dev/vrbuttons Vr41xx button input device
397 181 = /dev/toshiba Toshiba laptop SMM support
398 182 = /dev/perfctr Performance-monitoring counters
399 183 = /dev/hwrng Generic random number generator
400 184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
401 186 = /dev/atomicps Atomic shapshot of process state data
402 187 = /dev/irnet IrNET device
403 188 = /dev/smbusbios SMBus BIOS
404 189 = /dev/ussp_ctl User space serial port control
405 190 = /dev/crash Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
406 191 = /dev/pcl181 <information missing>
407 192 = /dev/nas_xbus NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
408 193 = /dev/d7s SPARC 7-segment display
409 194 = /dev/zkshim Zero-Knowledge network shim control
410 195 = /dev/elographics/e2201 Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
411 198 = /dev/sexec Signed executable interface
412 199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
413 200 = /dev/net/tun TAP/TUN network device
414 201 = /dev/button/gulpb Transmeta GULP-B buttons
415 202 = /dev/emd/ctl Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
416 204 = /dev/video/em8300 EM8300 DVD decoder control
417 205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv EM8300 DVD decoder video
418 206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma EM8300 DVD decoder audio
419 207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
420 208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
421 209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid Compaq Remote Insight Driver
30aaa5c6 422 210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer
1da177e4
LT		 423 211 = /dev/impi/smic IMPI coprocessor stream interface
424 212 = /dev/watchdogs/0 First watchdog device
425 213 = /dev/watchdogs/1 Second watchdog device
426 214 = /dev/watchdogs/2 Third watchdog device
427 215 = /dev/watchdogs/3 Fourth watchdog device
428 216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
429 217 = /dev/ni/natmotn National Instruments Motion
430 218 = /dev/kchuid Inter-process chuid control
431 219 = /dev/modems/mwave MWave modem firmware upload
432 220 = /dev/mptctl Message passing technology (MPT) control
433 221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
434 222 = /dev/mvista/hasi Montavista PICMG high availability
435 223 = /dev/input/uinput User level driver support for input
436 224 = /dev/tpm TCPA TPM driver
437 225 = /dev/pps Pulse Per Second driver
438 226 = /dev/systrace Systrace device
439 227 = /dev/mcelog X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
440 228 = /dev/hpet HPET driver
441 229 = /dev/fuse Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
442 230 = /dev/midishare MidiShare driver
04c860c1
AC		 443 231 = /dev/snapshot System memory snapshot device
444 232 = /dev/kvm Kernel-based virtual machine (hardware virtualization extensions)
445 233 = /dev/kmview View-OS A process with a view
578454ff
KS		 446 234 = /dev/btrfs-control Btrfs control device
447 235 = /dev/autofs Autofs control device
7e507eb6 448 236 = /dev/mapper/control Device-Mapper control device
1da177e4
LT		 449 240-254 Reserved for local use
450 255 Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
451
452 11 char Raw keyboard device (Linux/SPARC only)
453 0 = /dev/kbd Raw keyboard device
454
455 11 char Serial Mux device (Linux/PA-RISC only)
456 0 = /dev/ttyB0 First mux port
457 1 = /dev/ttyB1 Second mux port
458 ...
459
460 11 block SCSI CD-ROM devices
461 0 = /dev/scd0 First SCSI CD-ROM
462 1 = /dev/scd1 Second SCSI CD-ROM
463 ...
464
465 The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.
466
467 12 char QIC-02 tape
468 2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
469 3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close
470 4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
471 5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close
472 6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
473 7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close
474 8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
475 9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close
476
477 The device names specified are proposed -- if there
478 are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
479
04c860c1 480 12 block
1da177e4
LT		 481
482 13 char Input core
483 0 = /dev/input/js0 First joystick
484 1 = /dev/input/js1 Second joystick
485 ...
486 32 = /dev/input/mouse0 First mouse
487 33 = /dev/input/mouse1 Second mouse
488 ...
489 63 = /dev/input/mice Unified mouse
490 64 = /dev/input/event0 First event queue
491 65 = /dev/input/event1 Second event queue
492 ...
493
494 Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
495
496 13 block 8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
497 0 = /dev/xda First XT disk whole disk
498 64 = /dev/xdb Second XT disk whole disk
499
500 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
501 (see major number 3).
502
503 14 char Open Sound System (OSS)
504 0 = /dev/mixer Mixer control
505 1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer
506 2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port
507 3 = /dev/dsp Digital audio
508 4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio
04c860c1 509 6 =
1da177e4
LT		 510 7 = /dev/audioctl SPARC audio control device
511 8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device
512 16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control
513 17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager
514 18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port
515 19 = /dev/dsp1 Second soundcard digital audio
516 20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio
517 33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
518 34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
519 50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
30aaa5c6 520
04c860c1 521 14 block
1da177e4
LT		 522
523 15 char Joystick
524 0 = /dev/js0 First analog joystick
525 1 = /dev/js1 Second analog joystick
526 ...
527 128 = /dev/djs0 First digital joystick
528 129 = /dev/djs1 Second digital joystick
529 ...
530 15 block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
531 0 = /dev/sonycd Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
532
533 16 char Non-SCSI scanners
534 0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner
30aaa5c6 535
1da177e4
LT		 536 16 block GoldStar CD-ROM
537 0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM
538
04c860c1 539 17 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card)
1da177e4
LT		 540 0 = /dev/ttyH0 First Chase port
541 1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port
542 ...
543 17 block Optics Storage CD-ROM
544 0 = /dev/optcd Optics Storage CD-ROM
545
04c860c1 546 18 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card - alternate devices)
1da177e4
LT		 547 0 = /dev/cuh0 Callout device for ttyH0
548 1 = /dev/cuh1 Callout device for ttyH1
549 ...
550 18 block Sanyo CD-ROM
551 0 = /dev/sjcd Sanyo CD-ROM
552
553 19 char Cyclades serial card
554 0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port
555 ...
556 31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port
30aaa5c6 557
1da177e4
LT		 558 19 block "Double" compressed disk
559 0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk
560 ...
561 7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk
562 128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk
563 ...
564 135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk
565
566 See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
567 mirror devices.
568
569 20 char Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
570 0 = /dev/cub0 Callout device for ttyC0
571 ...
572 31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device for ttyC31
30aaa5c6 573
1da177e4
LT		 574 20 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
575 0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM
576
577 21 char Generic SCSI access
578 0 = /dev/sg0 First generic SCSI device
579 1 = /dev/sg1 Second generic SCSI device
580 ...
581
582 Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
583 this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
584 the system and is counter to standard Linux
585 device-naming practice.
586
587 21 block Acorn MFM hard drive interface
588 0 = /dev/mfma First MFM drive whole disk
589 64 = /dev/mfmb Second MFM drive whole disk
590
591 This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
592 Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
30aaa5c6 593 (see major number 3).
1da177e4
LT		 594
595 22 char Digiboard serial card
596 0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port
597 1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port
598 ...
599 22 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
600 0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
601 64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
30aaa5c6 602
1da177e4
LT		 603 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
604 interface (see major number 3).
605
606 23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
607 0 = /dev/cud0 Callout device for ttyD0
608 1 = /dev/cud1 Callout device for ttyD1
609 ...
610 23 block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
611 0 = /dev/mcd Mitsumi CD-ROM
612
613 24 char Stallion serial card
614 0 = /dev/ttyE0 Stallion port 0 card 0
615 1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0
616 ...
617 64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1
618 65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1
619 ...
620 128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2
621 129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2
622 ...
623 192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3
624 193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3
625 ...
626 24 block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
627 0 = /dev/cdu535 Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
628
629 25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices
630 0 = /dev/cue0 Callout device for ttyE0
631 1 = /dev/cue1 Callout device for ttyE1
632 ...
633 64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device for ttyE64
634 65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device for ttyE65
635 ...
636 128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device for ttyE128
637 129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device for ttyE129
638 ...
639 192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device for ttyE192
640 193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device for ttyE193
641 ...
642 25 block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
643 0 = /dev/sbpcd0 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
644 1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
645 2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
646 3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
647
04c860c1 648 26 char
30aaa5c6 649
1da177e4
LT		 650 26 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
651 0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
652 1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
653 2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
654 3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
655
656 27 char QIC-117 tape
657 0 = /dev/qft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close
658 1 = /dev/qft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close
659 2 = /dev/qft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close
660 3 = /dev/qft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close
661 4 = /dev/nqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
662 5 = /dev/nqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
663 6 = /dev/nqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
664 7 = /dev/nqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
665 16 = /dev/zqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
666 17 = /dev/zqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
667 18 = /dev/zqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
668 19 = /dev/zqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
669 20 = /dev/nzqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
670 21 = /dev/nzqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
671 22 = /dev/nzqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
672 23 = /dev/nzqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
673 32 = /dev/rawqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
674 33 = /dev/rawqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
675 34 = /dev/rawqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
676 35 = /dev/rawqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
677 36 = /dev/nrawqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
678 37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
679 38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
680 39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
30aaa5c6 681
1da177e4
LT		 682 27 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
683 0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
684 1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
685 2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
686 3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
687
688 28 char Stallion serial card - card programming
689 0 = /dev/staliomem0 First Stallion card I/O memory
690 1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
691 2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
692 3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
30aaa5c6 693
1da177e4
LT		 694 28 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
695 0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer
696 1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer
697 ...
698 28 block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
699 0 = /dev/sbpcd12 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
700 1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
701 2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
702 3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
30aaa5c6 703
1da177e4
LT		 704 28 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
705 0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk
706 16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk
707 32 = /dev/adc Third ACSI disk whole disk
708 ...
709 240 = /dev/adp 16th ACSI disk whole disk
710
711 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
712 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
713 partitions is 15, like SCSI.
714
715 29 char Universal frame buffer
716 0 = /dev/fb0 First frame buffer
717 1 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer
718 ...
719 31 = /dev/fb31 32nd frame buffer
720
721 29 block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
722 0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM
723
724 30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices
725 0 = /dev/socksys Socket access
726 1 = /dev/spx SVR3 local X interface
727 32 = /dev/inet/ip Network access
728 33 = /dev/inet/icmp
729 34 = /dev/inet/ggp
730 35 = /dev/inet/ipip
731 36 = /dev/inet/tcp
732 37 = /dev/inet/egp
733 38 = /dev/inet/pup
734 39 = /dev/inet/udp
735 40 = /dev/inet/idp
736 41 = /dev/inet/rawip
737
738 Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:
739
740 /dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
741 /dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
742 /dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
743 /dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
744 /dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
745 /dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
746 /dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
747 /dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
748 /dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
749 /dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
750 /dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
751 /dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
752 /dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
753 /dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)
754
755 30 block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
756 0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
757
758 /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device. This
759 driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
760
761 31 char MPU-401 MIDI
762 0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port
763 1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
30aaa5c6 764
1da177e4
LT		 765 31 block ROM/flash memory card
766 0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw)
767 ...
768 7 = /dev/rom7 Eighth ROM card (rw)
769 8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro)
770 ...
771 15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro)
772 16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw)
773 ...
774 23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw)
775 24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro)
776 ...
777 31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro)
778
779 The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
780 written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
781 devices. The read-only devices (ro) support reading
782 only.
783
784 32 char Specialix serial card
785 0 = /dev/ttyX0 First Specialix port
786 1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port
787 ...
788 32 block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
789 0 = /dev/cm206cd Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
790
791 33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices
792 0 = /dev/cux0 Callout device for ttyX0
793 1 = /dev/cux1 Callout device for ttyX1
794 ...
795 33 block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
796 0 = /dev/hde Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
797 64 = /dev/hdf Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
798
799 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
800 interface (see major number 3).
801
802 34 char Z8530 HDLC driver
803 0 = /dev/scc0 First Z8530, first port
804 1 = /dev/scc1 First Z8530, second port
805 2 = /dev/scc2 Second Z8530, first port
806 3 = /dev/scc3 Second Z8530, second port
807 ...
808
809 In a previous version these devices were named
810 /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
811 on.
812
813 34 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
814 0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
815 64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
30aaa5c6 816
1da177e4
LT		 817 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
818 interface (see major number 3).
819
820 35 char tclmidi MIDI driver
821 0 = /dev/midi0 First MIDI port, kernel timed
822 1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed
823 2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed
824 3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
825 64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed
826 65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed
827 66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed
828 67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed
829 128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
830 129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
831 130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
832 131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
30aaa5c6 833
1da177e4
LT		 834 35 block Slow memory ramdisk
835 0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk
836
837 36 char Netlink support
838 0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user
839 1 = /dev/skip enSKIP security cache control
840 3 = /dev/fwmonitor Firewall packet copies
841 16 = /dev/tap0 First Ethertap device
842 ...
843 31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device
30aaa5c6 844
1da177e4
LT		 845 36 block MCA ESDI hard disk
846 0 = /dev/eda First ESDI disk whole disk
847 64 = /dev/edb Second ESDI disk whole disk
848 ...
849
850 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
851 (see major number 3).
852
853 37 char IDE tape
854 0 = /dev/ht0 First IDE tape
855 1 = /dev/ht1 Second IDE tape
856 ...
857 128 = /dev/nht0 First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
858 129 = /dev/nht1 Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
859 ...
860
861 Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
862
863 37 block Zorro II ramdisk
864 0 = /dev/z2ram Zorro II ramdisk
865
866 38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board
867 0 = /dev/mlanai0 First Myrinet board
868 1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board
869 ...
870
871 This device is used for status query, board control
872 and "user level packet I/O." This board is also
873 accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
874
04c860c1 875 38 block OBSOLETE (was Linux/AP+)
1da177e4
LT		 876
877 39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board
878 0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0 First card, first analog channel
879 1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel
880 ...
881 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel
882 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines
883 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer
884 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer
885 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer
886 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel
887 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel
888 ...
889 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel
890 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines
891 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer
892 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer
893 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer
894 ...
04c860c1 895 39 block
1da177e4 896
04c860c1 897 40 char
30aaa5c6 898
04c860c1 899 40 block
1da177e4
LT		 900
901 41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
902 0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor
30aaa5c6 903
04c860c1 904 41 block
1da177e4
LT		 905
906 42 char Demo/sample use
30aaa5c6 907
1da177e4
LT		 908 42 block Demo/sample use
909
910 This number is intended for use in sample code, as
911 well as a general "example" device number. It
912 should never be used for a device driver that is being
913 distributed; either obtain an official number or use
914 the local/experimental range. The sudden addition or
915 removal of a driver with this number should not cause
916 ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
917
918 IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
919 DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
920
921 43 char isdn4linux virtual modem
922 0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem
923 ...
924 63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
30aaa5c6 925
1da177e4
LT		 926 43 block Network block devices
927 0 = /dev/nb0 First network block device
928 1 = /dev/nb1 Second network block device
929 ...
930
931 Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
932 devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
933 network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
934 sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
935 to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
936 the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
937
938 44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
939 0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device for ttyI0
940 ...
941 63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63
30aaa5c6 942
1da177e4
LT		 943 44 block Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
944 0 = /dev/ftla FTL on first Memory Technology Device
945 16 = /dev/ftlb FTL on second Memory Technology Device
946 32 = /dev/ftlc FTL on third Memory Technology Device
947 ...
30aaa5c6 948 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
1da177e4
LT		 949
950 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
11420211 951 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
1da177e4
LT		 952 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
953
954 45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
955 0 = /dev/isdn0 First virtual B channel raw data
956 ...
957 63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data
958 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug
959 ...
960 127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug
961
962 128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device
963 ...
964 191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device
965
966 255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
30aaa5c6 967
1da177e4
LT		 968 45 block Parallel port IDE disk devices
969 0 = /dev/pda First parallel port IDE disk
970 16 = /dev/pdb Second parallel port IDE disk
971 32 = /dev/pdc Third parallel port IDE disk
972 48 = /dev/pdd Fourth parallel port IDE disk
973
974 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
975 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
976 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
977
978 46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card
979 0 = /dev/ttyR0 First Rocketport port
980 1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port
981 ...
982 46 block Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
983 0 = /dev/pcd0 First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
984 1 = /dev/pcd1 Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
985 2 = /dev/pcd2 Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
986 3 = /dev/pcd3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
987
988 47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
989 0 = /dev/cur0 Callout device for ttyR0
990 1 = /dev/cur1 Callout device for ttyR1
991 ...
992 47 block Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
993 0 = /dev/pf0 First parallel port ATAPI disk
994 1 = /dev/pf1 Second parallel port ATAPI disk
995 2 = /dev/pf2 Third parallel port ATAPI disk
996 3 = /dev/pf3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
997
998 This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
999 devices and hence does not support partitioning.
1000
1001 48 char SDL RISCom serial card
1002 0 = /dev/ttyL0 First RISCom port
1003 1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port
1004 ...
1005 48 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
1006 0 = /dev/rd/c0d0 First disk, whole disk
1007 8 = /dev/rd/c0d1 Second disk, whole disk
1008 ...
1009 248 = /dev/rd/c0d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1010
1011 For partitions add:
1012 0 = /dev/rd/c?d? Whole disk
1013 1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1 First partition
1014 ...
1015 7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7 Seventh partition
1016
1017 49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
1018 0 = /dev/cul0 Callout device for ttyL0
1019 1 = /dev/cul1 Callout device for ttyL1
1020 ...
1021 49 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
1022 0 = /dev/rd/c1d0 First disk, whole disk
1023 8 = /dev/rd/c1d1 Second disk, whole disk
1024 ...
1025 248 = /dev/rd/c1d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1026
1027 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1028
1029 50 char Reserved for GLINT
1030
1031 50 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
1032 0 = /dev/rd/c2d0 First disk, whole disk
1033 8 = /dev/rd/c2d1 Second disk, whole disk
1034 ...
1035 248 = /dev/rd/c2d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1036
1037 51 char Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
1038 0 = /dev/bc0 First Baycom radio modem
1039 1 = /dev/bc1 Second Baycom radio modem
1040 ...
1041 51 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
1042 0 = /dev/rd/c3d0 First disk, whole disk
1043 8 = /dev/rd/c3d1 Second disk, whole disk
1044 ...
1045 248 = /dev/rd/c3d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1046
1047 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1048
1049 52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
1050 0 = /dev/dcbri0 First DataComm card
1051 1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
1052 2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
1053 3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
30aaa5c6 1054
1da177e4
LT		 1055 52 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
1056 0 = /dev/rd/c4d0 First disk, whole disk
1057 8 = /dev/rd/c4d1 Second disk, whole disk
1058 ...
1059 248 = /dev/rd/c4d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1060
1061 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1062
1063 53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
1064 0 = /dev/pd_bdm0 PD BDM interface on lp0
1065 1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1
1066 2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2
1067 4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0
1068 5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1
1069 6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2
1070
1071 This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
1072 microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
1073 Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
1074 Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
1075 by P&E.
1076
1077 53 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
1078 0 = /dev/rd/c5d0 First disk, whole disk
1079 8 = /dev/rd/c5d1 Second disk, whole disk
1080 ...
1081 248 = /dev/rd/c5d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1082
1083 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1084
1085 54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
1086 0 = /dev/holter0 First Holter port
1087 1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port
1088 2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port
1089
1090 A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
1091 <mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
1092 24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
1093
1094 54 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
1095 0 = /dev/rd/c6d0 First disk, whole disk
1096 8 = /dev/rd/c6d1 Second disk, whole disk
1097 ...
1098 248 = /dev/rd/c6d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1099
1100 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1101
1102 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor
1103 0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001
30aaa5c6 1104
5d3f083d 1105 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1106 0 = /dev/rd/c7d0 First disk, whole disk
1107 8 = /dev/rd/c7d1 Second disk, whole disk
1108 ...
1109 248 = /dev/rd/c7d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1110
1111 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1112
1113 56 char Apple Desktop Bus
1114 0 = /dev/adb ADB bus control
1115
1116 Additional devices will be added to this number, all
1117 starting with /dev/adb.
1118
1119 56 block Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1120 0 = /dev/hdi Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1121 64 = /dev/hdj Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1122
1123 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1124 interface (see major number 3).
1125
1126 57 char Hayes ESP serial card
1127 0 = /dev/ttyP0 First ESP port
1128 1 = /dev/ttyP1 Second ESP port
1129 ...
1130
1131 57 block Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1132 0 = /dev/hdk Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1133 64 = /dev/hdl Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1134
1135 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1136 interface (see major number 3).
1137
1138 58 char Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
1139 0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device for ttyP0
1140 1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device for ttyP1
1141 ...
30aaa5c6 1142
1da177e4
LT		 1143 58 block Reserved for logical volume manager
1144
1145 59 char sf firewall package
1146 0 = /dev/firewall Communication with sf kernel module
1147
1148 59 block Generic PDA filesystem device
1149 0 = /dev/pda0 First PDA device
1150 1 = /dev/pda1 Second PDA device
1151 ...
1152
1153 The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
1154 remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
1155 proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
1156 running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
1157 IRDA / parallel links.
1158
1159 NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
1160
1161 60-63 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 1162
1da177e4
LT		 1163 60-63 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1164 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
1165 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
1166 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
1167
1168 64 char ENskip kernel encryption package
1169 0 = /dev/enskip Communication with ENskip kernel module
1170
1171 64 block Scramdisk/DriveCrypt encrypted devices
1172 0 = /dev/scramdisk/master Master node for ioctls
1173 1 = /dev/scramdisk/1 First encrypted device
1174 2 = /dev/scramdisk/2 Second encrypted device
1175 ...
1176 255 = /dev/scramdisk/255 255th encrypted device
1177
1178 The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
1179 are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
1180 node which then activates them via one of the
11420211 1181 /dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loop mounting (all handled
1da177e4
LT		 1182 through the sdmount tool).
1183
1184 Requested by: andy@scramdisklinux.org
1185
1186 65 char Sundance "plink" Transputer boards (obsolete, unused)
1187 0 = /dev/plink0 First plink device
1188 1 = /dev/plink1 Second plink device
1189 2 = /dev/plink2 Third plink device
1190 3 = /dev/plink3 Fourth plink device
1191 64 = /dev/rplink0 First plink device, raw
1192 65 = /dev/rplink1 Second plink device, raw
1193 66 = /dev/rplink2 Third plink device, raw
1194 67 = /dev/rplink3 Fourth plink device, raw
1195 128 = /dev/plink0d First plink device, debug
1196 129 = /dev/plink1d Second plink device, debug
1197 130 = /dev/plink2d Third plink device, debug
1198 131 = /dev/plink3d Fourth plink device, debug
1199 192 = /dev/rplink0d First plink device, raw, debug
1200 193 = /dev/rplink1d Second plink device, raw, debug
1201 194 = /dev/rplink2d Third plink device, raw, debug
1202 195 = /dev/rplink3d Fourth plink device, raw, debug
1203
1204 This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
1205 <jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information.
1206
1207 65 block SCSI disk devices (16-31)
1208 0 = /dev/sdq 17th SCSI disk whole disk
1209 16 = /dev/sdr 18th SCSI disk whole disk
1210 32 = /dev/sds 19th SCSI disk whole disk
1211 ...
1212 240 = /dev/sdaf 32nd SCSI disk whole disk
1213
1214 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1215 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1216 partitions is 15.
1217
1218 66 char YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
1219 0 = /dev/yppcpci0 First YARC card
1220 1 = /dev/yppcpci1 Second YARC card
1221 ...
1222
1223 66 block SCSI disk devices (32-47)
1224 0 = /dev/sdag 33th SCSI disk whole disk
1225 16 = /dev/sdah 34th SCSI disk whole disk
1226 32 = /dev/sdai 35th SCSI disk whole disk
1227 ...
1228 240 = /dev/sdav 48nd SCSI disk whole disk
1229
1230 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1231 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1232 partitions is 15.
1233
1234 67 char Coda network file system
1235 0 = /dev/cfs0 Coda cache manager
1236
1237 See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
1238
1239 67 block SCSI disk devices (48-63)
1240 0 = /dev/sdaw 49th SCSI disk whole disk
1241 16 = /dev/sdax 50th SCSI disk whole disk
1242 32 = /dev/sday 51st SCSI disk whole disk
1243 ...
1244 240 = /dev/sdbl 64th SCSI disk whole disk
1245
1246 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1247 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1248 partitions is 15.
1249
1250 68 char CAPI 2.0 interface
1251 0 = /dev/capi20 Control device
1252 1 = /dev/capi20.00 First CAPI 2.0 application
1253 2 = /dev/capi20.01 Second CAPI 2.0 application
1254 ...
1255 20 = /dev/capi20.19 19th CAPI 2.0 application
1256
1257 ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
1258 applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
1259
1260 68 block SCSI disk devices (64-79)
1261 0 = /dev/sdbm 65th SCSI disk whole disk
1262 16 = /dev/sdbn 66th SCSI disk whole disk
1263 32 = /dev/sdbo 67th SCSI disk whole disk
1264 ...
1265 240 = /dev/sdcb 80th SCSI disk whole disk
1266
1267 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1268 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1269 partitions is 15.
1270
1271 69 char MA16 numeric accelerator card
1272 0 = /dev/ma16 Board memory access
1273
1274 69 block SCSI disk devices (80-95)
1275 0 = /dev/sdcc 81st SCSI disk whole disk
1276 16 = /dev/sdcd 82nd SCSI disk whole disk
1277 32 = /dev/sdce 83th SCSI disk whole disk
1278 ...
1279 240 = /dev/sdcr 96th SCSI disk whole disk
1280
1281 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1282 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1283 partitions is 15.
1284
1285 70 char SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
1286 0 = /dev/apscfg Configuration interface
1287 1 = /dev/apsauth Authentication interface
1288 2 = /dev/apslog Logging interface
1289 3 = /dev/apsdbg Debugging interface
1290 64 = /dev/apsisdn ISDN command interface
1291 65 = /dev/apsasync Async command interface
1292 128 = /dev/apsmon Monitor interface
1293
1294 70 block SCSI disk devices (96-111)
1295 0 = /dev/sdcs 97th SCSI disk whole disk
1296 16 = /dev/sdct 98th SCSI disk whole disk
1297 32 = /dev/sdcu 99th SCSI disk whole disk
1298 ...
1299 240 = /dev/sddh 112nd SCSI disk whole disk
1300
1301 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1302 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1303 partitions is 15.
1304
1305 71 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card
1306 0 = /dev/ttyF0 IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
1307 1 = /dev/ttyF1 IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
1308 ...
1309 63 = /dev/ttyF63 IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
1310 64 = /dev/ttyF64 IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
1311 65 = /dev/ttyF65 IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
1312 ...
1313 127 = /dev/ttyF127 IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
1314 128 = /dev/ttyF128 IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
1315 129 = /dev/ttyF129 IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
1316 ...
1317 191 = /dev/ttyF191 IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
1318 192 = /dev/ttyF192 IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
1319 193 = /dev/ttyF193 IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
1320 ...
1321 255 = /dev/ttyF255 IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
1322
1323 71 block SCSI disk devices (112-127)
1324 0 = /dev/sddi 113th SCSI disk whole disk
1325 16 = /dev/sddj 114th SCSI disk whole disk
1326 32 = /dev/sddk 115th SCSI disk whole disk
1327 ...
1328 240 = /dev/sddx 128th SCSI disk whole disk
1329
1330 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1331 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1332 partitions is 15.
1333
1334 72 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
1335 0 = /dev/cuf0 Callout device for ttyF0
1336 1 = /dev/cuf1 Callout device for ttyF1
1337 ...
1338 63 = /dev/cuf63 Callout device for ttyF63
1339 64 = /dev/cuf64 Callout device for ttyF64
1340 65 = /dev/cuf65 Callout device for ttyF65
1341 ...
1342 127 = /dev/cuf127 Callout device for ttyF127
1343 128 = /dev/cuf128 Callout device for ttyF128
1344 129 = /dev/cuf129 Callout device for ttyF129
1345 ...
1346 191 = /dev/cuf191 Callout device for ttyF191
1347 192 = /dev/cuf192 Callout device for ttyF192
1348 193 = /dev/cuf193 Callout device for ttyF193
1349 ...
1350 255 = /dev/cuf255 Callout device for ttyF255
1351
1352 72 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
1353 0 = /dev/ida/c0d0 First logical drive whole disk
1354 16 = /dev/ida/c0d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1355 ...
1356 240 = /dev/ida/c0d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1357
1358 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1359 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1360 partitions is 15.
1361
1362 73 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
1363 0 = /dev/ip2ipl0 Loadware device for board 0
1364 1 = /dev/ip2stat0 Status device for board 0
1365 4 = /dev/ip2ipl1 Loadware device for board 1
1366 5 = /dev/ip2stat1 Status device for board 1
1367 8 = /dev/ip2ipl2 Loadware device for board 2
1368 9 = /dev/ip2stat2 Status device for board 2
1369 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3 Loadware device for board 3
1370 13 = /dev/ip2stat3 Status device for board 3
1371
1372 73 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
1373 0 = /dev/ida/c1d0 First logical drive whole disk
1374 16 = /dev/ida/c1d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1375 ...
1376 240 = /dev/ida/c1d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1377
1378 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1379 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1380 partitions is 15.
1381
1382 74 char SCI bridge
1383 0 = /dev/SCI/0 SCI device 0
1384 1 = /dev/SCI/1 SCI device 1
1385 ...
1386
1387 Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
1388 bridge.
1389
1390 74 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
1391 0 = /dev/ida/c2d0 First logical drive whole disk
1392 16 = /dev/ida/c2d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1393 ...
1394 240 = /dev/ida/c2d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1395
1396 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1397 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1398 partitions is 15.
1399
1400 75 char Specialix IO8+ serial card
1401 0 = /dev/ttyW0 First IO8+ port, first card
1402 1 = /dev/ttyW1 Second IO8+ port, first card
1403 ...
1404 8 = /dev/ttyW8 First IO8+ port, second card
1405 ...
1406
1407 75 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
1408 0 = /dev/ida/c3d0 First logical drive whole disk
1409 16 = /dev/ida/c3d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1410 ...
1411 240 = /dev/ida/c3d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1412
1413 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1414 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1415 partitions is 15.
1416
1417 76 char Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
1418 0 = /dev/cuw0 Callout device for ttyW0
1419 1 = /dev/cuw1 Callout device for ttyW1
1420 ...
1421 8 = /dev/cuw8 Callout device for ttyW8
1422 ...
1423
1424 76 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
1425 0 = /dev/ida/c4d0 First logical drive whole disk
1426 16 = /dev/ida/c4d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1427 ...
1428 240 = /dev/ida/c4d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1429
1430 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1431 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1432 partitions is 15.
1433
1434
1435 77 char ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1436 0 = /dev/qng ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1437
1438 77 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
1439 0 = /dev/ida/c5d0 First logical drive whole disk
1440 16 = /dev/ida/c5d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1441 ...
1442 240 = /dev/ida/c5d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1443
1444 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1445 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1446 partitions is 15.
1447
1da177e4
LT		 1448 78 char PAM Software's multimodem boards
1449 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First PAM modem
1450 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second PAM modem
1451 ...
1452
1453 78 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
1454 0 = /dev/ida/c6d0 First logical drive whole disk
1455 16 = /dev/ida/c6d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1456 ...
1457 240 = /dev/ida/c6d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1458
1459 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1460 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1461 partitions is 15.
1462
1da177e4
LT		 1463 79 char PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
1464 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1465 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1466 ...
1467
5d3f083d 1468 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1469 0 = /dev/ida/c7d0 First logical drive whole disk
1470 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1471 ...
1472 240 = /dev/ida/c715 16th logical drive whole disk
1473
1474 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1475 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1476 partitions is 15.
1477
1da177e4
LT		 1478 80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1479 0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1480
1481 80 block I2O hard disk
1482 0 = /dev/i2o/hda First I2O hard disk, whole disk
1483 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
1484 ...
1485 240 = /dev/i2o/hdp 16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1486
1487 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1488 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1489 partitions is 15.
1490
1491 81 char video4linux
1492 0 = /dev/video0 Video capture/overlay device
1493 ...
1494 63 = /dev/video63 Video capture/overlay device
1495 64 = /dev/radio0 Radio device
1496 ...
1497 127 = /dev/radio63 Radio device
1498 192 = /dev/vtx0 Teletext device
1499 ...
1500 223 = /dev/vtx31 Teletext device
1501 224 = /dev/vbi0 Vertical blank interrupt
1502 ...
1503 255 = /dev/vbi31 Vertical blank interrupt
1504
1505 81 block I2O hard disk
1506 0 = /dev/i2o/hdq 17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1507 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr 18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1508 ...
1509 240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf 32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1510
1511 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1512 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1513 partitions is 15.
1514
1515 82 char WiNRADiO communications receiver card
1516 0 = /dev/winradio0 First WiNRADiO card
1517 1 = /dev/winradio1 Second WiNRADiO card
1518 ...
1519
1520 The driver and documentation may be obtained from
0ea6e611 1521 http://www.winradio.com/
1da177e4
LT		 1522
1523 82 block I2O hard disk
1524 0 = /dev/i2o/hdag 33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1525 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah 34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1526 ...
1527 240 = /dev/i2o/hdav 48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1528
1529 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1530 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1531 partitions is 15.
1532
1533 83 char Matrox mga_vid video driver
1534 0 = /dev/mga_vid0 1st video card
1535 1 = /dev/mga_vid1 2nd video card
1536 2 = /dev/mga_vid2 3rd video card
1537 ...
1538 15 = /dev/mga_vid15 16th video card
1539
1540 83 block I2O hard disk
1541 0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw 49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1542 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax 50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1543 ...
1544 240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl 64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1545
1546 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1547 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1548 partitions is 15.
1549
1550 84 char Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
1551 0 = /dev/ihcp0 First Greensheet port
1552 1 = /dev/ihcp1 Second Greensheet port
1553
1554 84 block I2O hard disk
1555 0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm 65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1556 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn 66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1557 ...
1558 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb 80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1559
1560 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1561 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1562 partitions is 15.
1563
1564 85 char Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
1565 0 = /dev/shmiq Master shared input queue
1566 1 = /dev/qcntl0 First device pushed
1567 2 = /dev/qcntl1 Second device pushed
1568 ...
1569
1570 85 block I2O hard disk
1571 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc 81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
1572 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd 82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1573 ...
1574 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr 96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1575
1576 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1577 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1578 partitions is 15.
1579
1580 86 char SCSI media changer
1581 0 = /dev/sch0 First SCSI media changer
1582 1 = /dev/sch1 Second SCSI media changer
1583 ...
1584
1585 86 block I2O hard disk
1586 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs 97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1587 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct 98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1588 ...
1589 240 = /dev/i2o/hddh 112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1590
1591 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1592 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1593 partitions is 15.
1594
1595 87 char Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
1596 0 = /dev/controla0 First device on chain
1597 1 = /dev/controla1 Second device on chain
1598 ...
1599
1600 87 block I2O hard disk
1601 0 = /dev/i2o/hddi 113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1602 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj 114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1603 ...
1604 240 = /dev/i2o/hddx 128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1605
1606 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1607 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1608 partitions is 15.
1609
1610 88 char COMX synchronous serial card
1611 0 = /dev/comx0 COMX channel 0
1612 1 = /dev/comx1 COMX channel 1
1613 ...
1614
1615 88 block Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1616 0 = /dev/hdm Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1617 64 = /dev/hdn Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1618
1619 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1620 interface (see major number 3).
1621
1622 89 char I2C bus interface
1623 0 = /dev/i2c-0 First I2C adapter
1624 1 = /dev/i2c-1 Second I2C adapter
1625 ...
1626
1627 89 block Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1628 0 = /dev/hdo Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1629 64 = /dev/hdp Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1630
1631 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1632 interface (see major number 3).
1633
1634 90 char Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
1635 0 = /dev/mtd0 First MTD (rw)
1636 1 = /dev/mtdr0 First MTD (ro)
1637 ...
1638 30 = /dev/mtd15 16th MTD (rw)
1639 31 = /dev/mtdr15 16th MTD (ro)
1640
1641 90 block Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1642 0 = /dev/hdq Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1643 64 = /dev/hdr Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1644
1645 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1646 interface (see major number 3).
1647
1648 91 char CAN-Bus devices
1649 0 = /dev/can0 First CAN-Bus controller
1650 1 = /dev/can1 Second CAN-Bus controller
1651 ...
1652
1653 91 block Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1654 0 = /dev/hds Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1655 64 = /dev/hdt Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1656
1657 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1658 interface (see major number 3).
1659
1660 92 char Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
1661
1662 92 block PPDD encrypted disk driver
1663 0 = /dev/ppdd0 First encrypted disk
1664 1 = /dev/ppdd1 Second encrypted disk
1665 ...
1666
1667 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1668 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1669 partitions is 15.
1670
04c860c1 1671 93 char
1da177e4
LT		 1672
1673 93 block NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
1674 0 = /dev/nftla First NFTL layer
1675 16 = /dev/nftlb Second NFTL layer
1676 ...
1677 240 = /dev/nftlp 16th NTFL layer
1678
04c860c1 1679 94 char
1da177e4 1680
30aaa5c6 1681 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage
1da177e4
LT		 1682 0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
1683 1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
1684 2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
1685 3 = /dev/dasda3 First DASD device, block 3
1686 4 = /dev/dasdb Second DASD device, major
1687 5 = /dev/dasdb1 Second DASD device, block 1
1688 6 = /dev/dasdb2 Second DASD device, block 2
1689 7 = /dev/dasdb3 Second DASD device, block 3
1690 ...
1691
1692 95 char IP filter
1693 0 = /dev/ipl Filter control device/log file
1694 1 = /dev/ipnat NAT control device/log file
1695 2 = /dev/ipstate State information log file
1696 3 = /dev/ipauth Authentication control device/log file
30aaa5c6 1697 ...
1da177e4
LT		 1698
1699 96 char Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
1700 0 = /dev/pt0 First parallel port ATAPI tape
1701 1 = /dev/pt1 Second parallel port ATAPI tape
1702 ...
1703 128 = /dev/npt0 First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1704 129 = /dev/npt1 Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1705 ...
1706
30aaa5c6 1707 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
1da177e4
LT		 1708 0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
1709 16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
1710 ...
1711 240 = /dev/inftlp 16th INTFL layer
1712
1713 97 char Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
1714 0 = /dev/pg0 First parallel port ATAPI device
1715 1 = /dev/pg1 Second parallel port ATAPI device
1716 2 = /dev/pg2 Third parallel port ATAPI device
1717 3 = /dev/pg3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
1718
1719 These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
1720 devices.
1721
1da177e4
LT		 1722 98 char Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
1723 0 = /dev/comedi0 First comedi device
1724 1 = /dev/comedi1 Second comedi device
1725 ...
1726
0ea6e611 1727 See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi.
1da177e4
LT		 1728
1729 98 block User-mode virtual block device
1730 0 = /dev/ubda First user-mode block device
1731 16 = /dev/udbb Second user-mode block device
1732 ...
1733
1734 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1735 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1736 partitions is 15.
1737
1738 This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
1739
1740 99 char Raw parallel ports
1741 0 = /dev/parport0 First parallel port
1742 1 = /dev/parport1 Second parallel port
1743 ...
1744
1745 99 block JavaStation flash disk
1746 0 = /dev/jsfd JavaStation flash disk
1747
1748100 char Telephony for Linux
1749 0 = /dev/phone0 First telephony device
1750 1 = /dev/phone1 Second telephony device
1751 ...
1752
1753101 char Motorola DSP 56xxx board
1754 0 = /dev/mdspstat Status information
1755 1 = /dev/mdsp1 First DSP board I/O controls
1756 ...
1757 16 = /dev/mdsp16 16th DSP board I/O controls
1758
1759101 block AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
1760 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar0 First array whole disk
1761 16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1 Second array whole disk
1762 ...
1763 240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15 16th array whole disk
1764
1765 For each device, partitions are added as:
1766 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar? Whole disk
1767 1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1 First partition
1768 2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2 Second partition
1769 ...
1770 15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition
1771
04c860c1 1772102 char
1da177e4
LT		 1773
1774102 block Compressed block device
1775 0 = /dev/cbd/a First compressed block device, whole device
1776 16 = /dev/cbd/b Second compressed block device, whole device
1777 ...
1778 240 = /dev/cbd/p 16th compressed block device, whole device
1779
1780 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1781 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1782 partitions is 15.
1783
1784103 char Arla network file system
1785 0 = /dev/nnpfs0 First NNPFS device
1786 1 = /dev/nnpfs1 Second NNPFS device
1787
1788 Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
1789 The NNPFS device gives user mode filesystem
1790 implementations a kernel presence for caching and easy
1791 mounting. For more information about the project,
1792 write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or see
1793 http://www.stacken.kth.se/project/arla/
1794
1795103 block Audit device
1796 0 = /dev/audit Audit device
1797
1798104 char Flash BIOS support
1799
1800104 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
1801 0 = /dev/cciss/c0d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1802 16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1803 ...
1804 240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1805
1806 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1807 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1808 partitions is 15.
1809
1810105 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
1811 0 = /dev/ttyV0 First VS-1000 port
1812 1 = /dev/ttyV1 Second VS-1000 port
1813 ...
1814
1815105 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
1816 0 = /dev/cciss/c1d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1817 16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1818 ...
1819 240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1820
1821 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1822 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1823 partitions is 15.
1824
1825106 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
1826 0 = /dev/cuv0 First VS-1000 port
1827 1 = /dev/cuv1 Second VS-1000 port
1828 ...
1829
1830106 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
1831 0 = /dev/cciss/c2d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1832 16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1833 ...
1834 240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1835
1836 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1837 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1838 partitions is 15.
1839
1840107 char 3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
1841 0 = /dev/3dfx Primary 3Dfx graphics device
1842
1843107 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
1844 0 = /dev/cciss/c3d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1845 16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1846 ...
1847 240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1848
1849 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1850 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1851 partitions is 15.
1852
1853108 char Device independent PPP interface
1854 0 = /dev/ppp Device independent PPP interface
1855
1856108 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
1857 0 = /dev/cciss/c4d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1858 16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1859 ...
1860 240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1861
1862 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1863 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1864 partitions is 15.
1865
1866109 char Reserved for logical volume manager
1867
1868109 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
1869 0 = /dev/cciss/c5d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1870 16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1871 ...
1872 240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1873
1874 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1875 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1876 partitions is 15.
1877
1878110 char miroMEDIA Surround board
1879 0 = /dev/srnd0 First miroMEDIA Surround board
1880 1 = /dev/srnd1 Second miroMEDIA Surround board
1881 ...
1882
1883110 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
1884 0 = /dev/cciss/c6d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1885 16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1886 ...
1887 240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1888
1889 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1890 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1891 partitions is 15.
1892
04c860c1 1893111 char
1da177e4 1894
5d3f083d 1895111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1896 0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1897 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1898 ...
1899 240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1900
1901 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1902 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1903 partitions is 15.
1904
1905112 char ISI serial card
1906 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First ISI port
1907 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second ISI port
1908 ...
1909
1910 There is currently a device-naming conflict between
1911 these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
1912
1913112 block IBM iSeries virtual disk
1914 0 = /dev/iseries/vda First virtual disk, whole disk
1915 8 = /dev/iseries/vdb Second virtual disk, whole disk
1916 ...
1917 200 = /dev/iseries/vdz 26th virtual disk, whole disk
1918 208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa 27th virtual disk, whole disk
1919 ...
1920 248 = /dev/iseries/vdaf 32nd virtual disk, whole disk
1921
1922 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1923 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1924 partitions is 7.
1925
1926113 char ISI serial card - alternate devices
1927 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1928 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1929 ...
1930
1931113 block IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
1da177e4
LT		 1932 0 = /dev/iseries/vcda First virtual CD-ROM
1933 1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM
1934 ...
1935
1936114 char Picture Elements ISE board
1937 0 = /dev/ise0 First ISE board
1938 1 = /dev/ise1 Second ISE board
1939 ...
1940 128 = /dev/isex0 Control node for first ISE board
1941 129 = /dev/isex1 Control node for second ISE board
1942 ...
1943
1944 The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
1945 image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
1946 I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
1947 nodes used to control the board.
1948
1949114 block IDE BIOS powered software RAID interfaces such as the
1950 Promise Fastrak
1951
1952 0 = /dev/ataraid/d0
1953 1 = /dev/ataraid/d0p1
1954 2 = /dev/ataraid/d0p2
1955 ...
1956 16 = /dev/ataraid/d1
1957 17 = /dev/ataraid/d1p1
1958 18 = /dev/ataraid/d1p2
1959 ...
1960 255 = /dev/ataraid/d15p15
1961
1962 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1963 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1964 partitions is 15.
1965
1966115 char TI link cable devices (115 was formerly the console driver speaker)
1967 0 = /dev/tipar0 Parallel cable on first parallel port
1968 ...
1969 7 = /dev/tipar7 Parallel cable on seventh parallel port
1970
1971 8 = /dev/tiser0 Serial cable on first serial port
1972 ...
1973 15 = /dev/tiser7 Serial cable on seventh serial port
1974
1975 16 = /dev/tiusb0 First USB cable
1976 ...
1977 47 = /dev/tiusb31 32nd USB cable
1978
1979115 block NetWare (NWFS) Devices (0-255)
1980
1981 The NWFS (NetWare) devices are used to present a
1982 collection of NetWare Mirror Groups or NetWare
1983 Partitions as a logical storage segment for
1984 use in mounting NetWare volumes. A maximum of
1985 256 NetWare volumes can be supported in a single
1986 machine.
1987
0ea6e611 1988 http://cgfa.telepac.pt/ftp2/kernel.org/linux/kernel/people/jmerkey/nwfs/
1da177e4
LT		 1989
1990 0 = /dev/nwfs/v0 First NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1991 1 = /dev/nwfs/v1 Second NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1992 2 = /dev/nwfs/v2 Third NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1993 ...
1994 255 = /dev/nwfs/v255 Last NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1995
1996116 char Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
1997
1998116 block MicroMemory battery backed RAM adapter (NVRAM)
992caacf 1999 Supports 16 boards, 15 partitions each.
1da177e4
LT		 2000 Requested by neilb at cse.unsw.edu.au.
2001
2002 0 = /dev/umem/d0 Whole of first board
2003 1 = /dev/umem/d0p1 First partition of first board
2004 2 = /dev/umem/d0p2 Second partition of first board
2005 15 = /dev/umem/d0p15 15th partition of first board
2006
2007 16 = /dev/umem/d1 Whole of second board
2008 17 = /dev/umem/d1p1 First partition of second board
2009 ...
2010 255= /dev/umem/d15p15 15th partition of 16th board.
2011
2012117 char COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
2013 0 = /dev/cosa0c0 1st board, 1st channel
2014 1 = /dev/cosa0c1 1st board, 2nd channel
2015 ...
2016 16 = /dev/cosa1c0 2nd board, 1st channel
2017 17 = /dev/cosa1c1 2nd board, 2nd channel
2018 ...
2019
2020117 block Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS)
2021
2022 The EVMS driver uses a layered, plug-in model to provide
2023 unparalleled flexibility and extensibility in managing
2024 storage. This allows for easy expansion or customization
2025 of various levels of volume management. Requested by
2026 Mark Peloquin (peloquin at us.ibm.com).
2027
2028 Note: EVMS populates and manages all the devnodes in
2029 /dev/evms.
2030
2031 http://sf.net/projects/evms
2032
2033 0 = /dev/evms/block_device EVMS block device
2034 1 = /dev/evms/legacyname1 First EVMS legacy device
2035 2 = /dev/evms/legacyname2 Second EVMS legacy device
2036 ...
2037 Both ranges can grow (down or up) until they meet.
2038 ...
2039 254 = /dev/evms/EVMSname2 Second EVMS native device
2040 255 = /dev/evms/EVMSname1 First EVMS native device
2041
2042 Note: legacyname(s) are derived from the normal legacy
2043 device names. For example, /dev/hda5 would become
2044 /dev/evms/hda5.
2045
2046118 char IBM Cryptographic Accelerator
2047 0 = /dev/ica Virtual interface to all IBM Crypto Accelerators
2048 1 = /dev/ica0 IBMCA Device 0
2049 2 = /dev/ica1 IBMCA Device 1
2050 ...
2051
2052119 char VMware virtual network control
04c860c1
AC		 2053 0 = /dev/vnet0 1st virtual network
2054 1 = /dev/vnet1 2nd virtual network
1da177e4
LT		 2055 ...
2056
2057120-127 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 2058
1da177e4
LT		 2059120-127 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
2060 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
2061 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
2062 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
2063
2064128-135 char Unix98 PTY masters
2065
2066 These devices should not have corresponding device
2067 nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
2068 /dev/ptmx cloning interface.
2069
1da177e4
LT		 2070128 block SCSI disk devices (128-143)
2071 0 = /dev/sddy 129th SCSI disk whole disk
2072 16 = /dev/sddz 130th SCSI disk whole disk
2073 32 = /dev/sdea 131th SCSI disk whole disk
2074 ...
2075 240 = /dev/sden 144th SCSI disk whole disk
2076
2077 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2078 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2079 partitions is 15.
2080
1da177e4
LT		 2081129 block SCSI disk devices (144-159)
2082 0 = /dev/sdeo 145th SCSI disk whole disk
2083 16 = /dev/sdep 146th SCSI disk whole disk
2084 32 = /dev/sdeq 147th SCSI disk whole disk
2085 ...
2086 240 = /dev/sdfd 160th SCSI disk whole disk
2087
2088 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2089 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2090 partitions is 15.
2091
2092130 char (Misc devices)
2093
2094130 block SCSI disk devices (160-175)
2095 0 = /dev/sdfe 161st SCSI disk whole disk
2096 16 = /dev/sdff 162nd SCSI disk whole disk
2097 32 = /dev/sdfg 163rd SCSI disk whole disk
2098 ...
2099 240 = /dev/sdft 176th SCSI disk whole disk
2100
2101 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2102 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2103 partitions is 15.
2104
2105131 block SCSI disk devices (176-191)
2106 0 = /dev/sdfu 177th SCSI disk whole disk
2107 16 = /dev/sdfv 178th SCSI disk whole disk
2108 32 = /dev/sdfw 179th SCSI disk whole disk
2109 ...
2110 240 = /dev/sdgj 192nd SCSI disk whole disk
2111
2112 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2113 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2114 partitions is 15.
2115
1da177e4
LT		 2116132 block SCSI disk devices (192-207)
2117 0 = /dev/sdgk 193rd SCSI disk whole disk
2118 16 = /dev/sdgl 194th SCSI disk whole disk
2119 32 = /dev/sdgm 195th SCSI disk whole disk
2120 ...
2121 240 = /dev/sdgz 208th SCSI disk whole disk
2122
2123 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2124 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2125 partitions is 15.
2126
1da177e4
LT		 2127133 block SCSI disk devices (208-223)
2128 0 = /dev/sdha 209th SCSI disk whole disk
2129 16 = /dev/sdhb 210th SCSI disk whole disk
2130 32 = /dev/sdhc 211th SCSI disk whole disk
2131 ...
2132 240 = /dev/sdhp 224th SCSI disk whole disk
2133
2134 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2135 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2136 partitions is 15.
2137
1da177e4
LT		 2138134 block SCSI disk devices (224-239)
2139 0 = /dev/sdhq 225th SCSI disk whole disk
2140 16 = /dev/sdhr 226th SCSI disk whole disk
2141 32 = /dev/sdhs 227th SCSI disk whole disk
2142 ...
2143 240 = /dev/sdif 240th SCSI disk whole disk
2144
2145 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2146 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2147 partitions is 15.
2148
1da177e4
LT		 2149135 block SCSI disk devices (240-255)
2150 0 = /dev/sdig 241st SCSI disk whole disk
2151 16 = /dev/sdih 242nd SCSI disk whole disk
2152 32 = /dev/sdih 243rd SCSI disk whole disk
2153 ...
2154 240 = /dev/sdiv 256th SCSI disk whole disk
2155
2156 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2157 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2158 partitions is 15.
2159
1da177e4
LT		 2160136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves
2161 0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
01dd2fbf 2162 1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pseudo-TTY
1da177e4
LT		 2163 ...
2164
2165 These device nodes are automatically generated with
2166 the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
2167 devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
2168 mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
2169 *most* distributions the appropriate options are
2170 "mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)
2171
2172136 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; ninth controller
2173 0 = /dev/rd/c8d0 First disk, whole disk
2174 8 = /dev/rd/c8d1 Second disk, whole disk
2175 ...
2176 248 = /dev/rd/c8d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2177
2178 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2179
2180137 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; tenth controller
2181 0 = /dev/rd/c9d0 First disk, whole disk
2182 8 = /dev/rd/c9d1 Second disk, whole disk
2183 ...
2184 248 = /dev/rd/c9d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2185
2186 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2187
2188138 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eleventh controller
2189 0 = /dev/rd/c10d0 First disk, whole disk
2190 8 = /dev/rd/c10d1 Second disk, whole disk
2191 ...
2192 248 = /dev/rd/c10d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2193
2194 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2195
2196139 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; twelfth controller
2197 0 = /dev/rd/c11d0 First disk, whole disk
2198 8 = /dev/rd/c11d1 Second disk, whole disk
2199 ...
2200 248 = /dev/rd/c11d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2201
2202 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2203
2204140 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; thirteenth controller
2205 0 = /dev/rd/c12d0 First disk, whole disk
2206 8 = /dev/rd/c12d1 Second disk, whole disk
2207 ...
2208 248 = /dev/rd/c12d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2209
2210 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2211
2212141 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourteenth controller
2213 0 = /dev/rd/c13d0 First disk, whole disk
2214 8 = /dev/rd/c13d1 Second disk, whole disk
2215 ...
2216 248 = /dev/rd/c13d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2217
2218 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2219
2220142 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifteenth controller
2221 0 = /dev/rd/c14d0 First disk, whole disk
2222 8 = /dev/rd/c14d1 Second disk, whole disk
2223 ...
2224 248 = /dev/rd/c14d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2225
2226 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2227
2228143 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixteenth controller
2229 0 = /dev/rd/c15d0 First disk, whole disk
2230 8 = /dev/rd/c15d1 Second disk, whole disk
2231 ...
2232 248 = /dev/rd/c15d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2233
2234 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2235
2236144 char Encapsulated PPP
2237 0 = /dev/pppox0 First PPP over Ethernet
2238 ...
2239 63 = /dev/pppox63 64th PPP over Ethernet
2240
2241 This is primarily used for ADSL.
2242
2243 The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
2244 relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
2245
2246144 block Expansion Area #1 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2247 0 = mounted device 256
2248 255 = mounted device 511
2249
2250145 char SAM9407-based soundcard
2251 0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
2252 1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
2253 2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
2254 3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
2255 4 = /dev/sam0_audio
2256 6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
2257 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
2258 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
2259 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
2260 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
2261 ...
2262 128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
2263 ...
2264 192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
2265 ...
2266
2267 Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
2268 addons, which are sam9407 specific. OSS can be
2269 operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
2270
2271145 block Expansion Area #2 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2272 0 = mounted device 512
2273 255 = mounted device 767
2274
2275146 char SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
2276 0 = /dev/scramnet0 First SCRAMNet device
2277 1 = /dev/scramnet1 Second SCRAMNet device
2278 ...
2279
2280146 block Expansion Area #3 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2281 0 = mounted device 768
2282 255 = mounted device 1023
2283
2284147 char Aureal Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
2285 0 = /dev/aureal0 First Aureal Vortex
2286 1 = /dev/aureal1 Second Aureal Vortex
2287 ...
2288
2289147 block Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
2290 0 = /dev/drbd0 First DRBD device
2291 1 = /dev/drbd1 Second DRBD device
2292 ...
2293
2294148 char Technology Concepts serial card
2295 0 = /dev/ttyT0 First TCL port
2296 1 = /dev/ttyT1 Second TCL port
2297 ...
2298
2299149 char Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
2300 0 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT0
2301 1 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT1
2302 ...
2303
2304150 char Real-Time Linux FIFOs
2305 0 = /dev/rtf0 First RTLinux FIFO
2306 1 = /dev/rtf1 Second RTLinux FIFO
2307 ...
2308
2309151 char DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
2310 0 = /dev/dpti0 First DPT I2O adapter
2311 1 = /dev/dpti1 Second DPT I2O adapter
2312 ...
2313
2314152 char EtherDrive Control Device
2315 0 = /dev/etherd/ctl Connect/Disconnect an EtherDrive
2316 1 = /dev/etherd/err Monitor errors
2317 2 = /dev/etherd/raw Raw AoE packet monitor
2318
2319152 block EtherDrive Block Devices
2320 0 = /dev/etherd/0 EtherDrive 0
2321 ...
2322 255 = /dev/etherd/255 EtherDrive 255
2323
2324153 char SPI Bus Interface (sometimes referred to as MicroWire)
2325 0 = /dev/spi0 First SPI device on the bus
2326 1 = /dev/spi1 Second SPI device on the bus
2327 ...
2328 15 = /dev/spi15 Sixteenth SPI device on the bus
2329
2330153 block Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) storage units
2331 0 = /dev/emd/0 First unit
2332 1 = /dev/emd/0p1 Partition 1 on First unit
2333 2 = /dev/emd/0p2 Partition 2 on First unit
2334 ...
2335 15 = /dev/emd/0p15 Partition 15 on First unit
2336
2337 16 = /dev/emd/1 Second unit
2338 32 = /dev/emd/2 Third unit
2339 ...
2340 240 = /dev/emd/15 Sixteenth unit
2341
2342 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2343 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2344 partitions is 15.
2345
2346154 char Specialix RIO serial card
2347 0 = /dev/ttySR0 First RIO port
2348 ...
2349 255 = /dev/ttySR255 256th RIO port
2350
2351155 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2352 0 = /dev/cusr0 Callout device for ttySR0
2353 ...
2354 255 = /dev/cusr255 Callout device for ttySR255
2355
2356156 char Specialix RIO serial card
2357 0 = /dev/ttySR256 257th RIO port
2358 ...
2359 255 = /dev/ttySR511 512th RIO port
2360
2361157 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2362 0 = /dev/cusr256 Callout device for ttySR256
2363 ...
2364 255 = /dev/cusr511 Callout device for ttySR511
2365
2366158 char Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
2367 0 = /dev/gfax0 GammaLink channel 0
2368 1 = /dev/gfax1 GammaLink channel 1
2369 ...
2370
2371159 char RESERVED
30aaa5c6 2372
1da177e4
LT		 2373159 block RESERVED
2374
2375160 char General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
2376 0 = /dev/gpib0 First GPIB bus
2377 1 = /dev/gpib1 Second GPIB bus
2378 ...
2379
2380160 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on First Controller
2381 0 = /dev/carmel/0 SATA disk 0 whole disk
2382 1 = /dev/carmel/0p1 SATA disk 0 partition 1
2383 ...
2384 31 = /dev/carmel/0p31 SATA disk 0 partition 31
2385
2386 32 = /dev/carmel/1 SATA disk 1 whole disk
2387 64 = /dev/carmel/2 SATA disk 2 whole disk
2388 ...
2389 224 = /dev/carmel/7 SATA disk 7 whole disk
2390
2391 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2392 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2393 partitions is 31.
2394
2395161 char IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
2396 0 = /dev/ircomm0 First IrCOMM device
2397 1 = /dev/ircomm1 Second IrCOMM device
2398 ...
2399 16 = /dev/irlpt0 First IrLPT device
2400 17 = /dev/irlpt1 Second IrLPT device
2401 ...
2402
2403161 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on Second Controller
2404 0 = /dev/carmel/8 SATA disk 8 whole disk
2405 1 = /dev/carmel/8p1 SATA disk 8 partition 1
2406 ...
2407 31 = /dev/carmel/8p31 SATA disk 8 partition 31
2408
2409 32 = /dev/carmel/9 SATA disk 9 whole disk
2410 64 = /dev/carmel/10 SATA disk 10 whole disk
2411 ...
2412 224 = /dev/carmel/15 SATA disk 15 whole disk
2413
2414 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2415 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
30aaa5c6 2416 partitions is 31.
1da177e4
LT		 2417
2418162 char Raw block device interface
2419 0 = /dev/rawctl Raw I/O control device
2420 1 = /dev/raw/raw1 First raw I/O device
2421 2 = /dev/raw/raw2 Second raw I/O device
2422 ...
2423
04c860c1 2424163 char
1da177e4
LT		 2425
2426164 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
2427 0 = /dev/ttyCH0 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
2428 ...
2429 15 = /dev/ttyCH15 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
2430 16 = /dev/ttyCH16 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
2431 ...
2432 31 = /dev/ttyCH31 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
2433 32 = /dev/ttyCH32 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
2434 ...
2435 47 = /dev/ttyCH47 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
2436 48 = /dev/ttyCH48 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
2437 ...
2438 63 = /dev/ttyCH63 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
2439
2440165 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
2441 0 = /dev/cuch0 Callout device for ttyCH0
2442 ...
2443 63 = /dev/cuch63 Callout device for ttyCH63
2444
2445166 char ACM USB modems
2446 0 = /dev/ttyACM0 First ACM modem
2447 1 = /dev/ttyACM1 Second ACM modem
2448 ...
2449
2450167 char ACM USB modems - alternate devices
2451 0 = /dev/cuacm0 Callout device for ttyACM0
2452 1 = /dev/cuacm1 Callout device for ttyACM1
2453 ...
2454
2455168 char Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
2456 0 = /dev/ecsa0 First CSA7000
2457 1 = /dev/ecsa1 Second CSA7000
2458 ...
2459
2460169 char Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
2461 0 = /dev/ecsa8-0 First CSA8000
2462 1 = /dev/ecsa8-1 Second CSA8000
2463 ...
2464
2465170 char AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
2466 0 = /dev/megarac0 First MegaRAC card
2467 1 = /dev/megarac1 Second MegaRAC card
2468 ...
2469
2470171 char Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
2471
1da177e4
LT		 2472172 char Moxa Intellio serial card
2473 0 = /dev/ttyMX0 First Moxa port
2474 1 = /dev/ttyMX1 Second Moxa port
2475 ...
2476 127 = /dev/ttyMX127 128th Moxa port
2477 128 = /dev/moxactl Moxa control port
2478
2479173 char Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
2480 0 = /dev/cumx0 Callout device for ttyMX0
2481 1 = /dev/cumx1 Callout device for ttyMX1
2482 ...
2483 127 = /dev/cumx127 Callout device for ttyMX127
2484
2485174 char SmartIO serial card
2486 0 = /dev/ttySI0 First SmartIO port
2487 1 = /dev/ttySI1 Second SmartIO port
2488 ...
2489
2490175 char SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
2491 0 = /dev/cusi0 Callout device for ttySI0
2492 1 = /dev/cusi1 Callout device for ttySI1
2493 ...
2494
2495176 char nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
2496 0 = /dev/nfastpci0 First nFast PCI device
2497 1 = /dev/nfastpci1 First nFast PCI device
2498 ...
2499
2500177 char TI PCILynx memory spaces
2501 0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0 AUX space of first PCILynx card
2502 ...
2503 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
2504 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0 ROM space of first PCILynx card
2505 ...
2506 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
2507 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0 RAM space of first PCILynx card
2508 ...
2509 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
2510
2511178 char Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
2512 0 = /dev/clanvi0 First cLAN adapter
2513 1 = /dev/clanvi1 Second cLAN adapter
2514 ...
2515
04c860c1
AC		 2516179 block MMC block devices
2517 0 = /dev/mmcblk0 First SD/MMC card
2518 1 = /dev/mmcblk0p1 First partition on first MMC card
2519 8 = /dev/mmcblk1 Second SD/MMC card
2520 ...
2521
1da177e4
LT		 2522179 char CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
2523 0 = /dev/dvxirq0 First DVX device
2524 1 = /dev/dvxirq1 Second DVX device
2525 ...
2526
2527180 char USB devices
2528 0 = /dev/usb/lp0 First USB printer
2529 ...
2530 15 = /dev/usb/lp15 16th USB printer
1da177e4
LT		 2531 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
2532 ...
2533 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
2534 64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500
2535 65 = /dev/usb/usblcd USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
2536 66 = /dev/usb/cpad0 Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
11420211
JE		 2537 96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0 1st USB HID device
2538 ...
2539 111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15 16th USB HID device
04c860c1
AC		 2540 112 = /dev/usb/auer0 1st auerswald ISDN device
2541 ...
2542 127 = /dev/usb/auer15 16th auerswald ISDN device
11420211
JE		 2543 128 = /dev/usb/brlvgr0 First Braille Voyager device
2544 ...
2545 131 = /dev/usb/brlvgr3 Fourth Braille Voyager device
2546 132 = /dev/usb/idmouse ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
2547 133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1 First SiSUSB VGA device
2548 ...
30aaa5c6 2549 140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eighth SISUSB VGA device
11420211
JE		 2550 144 = /dev/usb/lcd USB LCD device
2551 160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0 1st USB Legotower device
2552 ...
2553 175 = /dev/usb/legousbtower15 16th USB Legotower device
5b775f67
GKH		 2554 176 = /dev/usb/usbtmc1 First USB TMC device
2555 ...
2556 192 = /dev/usb/usbtmc16 16th USB TMC device
11420211
JE		 2557 240 = /dev/usb/dabusb0 First daubusb device
2558 ...
2559 243 = /dev/usb/dabusb3 Fourth dabusb device
1da177e4
LT		 2560
2561180 block USB block devices
953a7f20
PZ		 2562 0 = /dev/uba First USB block device
2563 8 = /dev/ubb Second USB block device
2564 16 = /dev/ubc Third USB block device
30aaa5c6 2565 ...
1da177e4
LT		 2566
2567181 char Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
2568 0 = /dev/pcfclock0 First Conrad radio clock
2569 1 = /dev/pcfclock1 Second Conrad radio clock
2570 ...
2571
2572182 char Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
2573 0 = /dev/pethr0 First THR2 board
2574 1 = /dev/pethr1 Second THR2 board
2575 ...
2576
2577183 char SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
2578 0 = /dev/ss5136dn0 First DeviceNet interface
2579 1 = /dev/ss5136dn1 Second DeviceNet interface
2580 ...
2581
2582 This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
2583 It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
2584
2585184 char Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
2586 0 = /dev/pevss0 First sender board
2587 1 = /dev/pevss1 Second sender board
2588 ...
2589
2590185 char InterMezzo high availability file system
2591 0 = /dev/intermezzo0 First cache manager
2592 1 = /dev/intermezzo1 Second cache manager
2593 ...
2594
0ea6e611
JM		 2595 See http://web.archive.org/web/20080115195241/
2596 http://inter-mezzo.org/index.html
1da177e4
LT		 2597
2598186 char Object-based storage control device
2599 0 = /dev/obd0 First obd control device
2600 1 = /dev/obd1 Second obd control device
2601 ...
2602
2603 See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
2604
2605187 char DESkey hardware encryption device
2606 0 = /dev/deskey0 First DES key
2607 1 = /dev/deskey1 Second DES key
2608 ...
2609
2610188 char USB serial converters
2611 0 = /dev/ttyUSB0 First USB serial converter
2612 1 = /dev/ttyUSB1 Second USB serial converter
2613 ...
2614
2615189 char USB serial converters - alternate devices
2616 0 = /dev/cuusb0 Callout device for ttyUSB0
2617 1 = /dev/cuusb1 Callout device for ttyUSB1
2618 ...
2619
2620190 char Kansas City tracker/tuner card
2621 0 = /dev/kctt0 First KCT/T card
2622 1 = /dev/kctt1 Second KCT/T card
2623 ...
2624
2625191 char Reserved for PCMCIA
2626
2627192 char Kernel profiling interface
2628 0 = /dev/profile Profiling control device
2629 1 = /dev/profile0 Profiling device for CPU 0
2630 2 = /dev/profile1 Profiling device for CPU 1
2631 ...
2632
2633193 char Kernel event-tracing interface
2634 0 = /dev/trace Tracing control device
2635 1 = /dev/trace0 Tracing device for CPU 0
2636 2 = /dev/trace1 Tracing device for CPU 1
2637 ...
2638
2639194 char linVideoStreams (LINVS)
2640 0 = /dev/mvideo/status0 Video compression status
2641 1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0 Video stream
2642 2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0 Single compressed frame
2643 3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0 Raw uncompressed frame
2644 4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0 Direct codec access
2645 5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0 Video4Linux compatibility
2646
2647 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1 Second device
2648 ...
2649 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2 Third device
2650 ...
2651 ...
30aaa5c6 2652 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device
1da177e4
LT		 2653 ...
2654
2655195 char Nvidia graphics devices
2656 0 = /dev/nvidia0 First Nvidia card
2657 1 = /dev/nvidia1 Second Nvidia card
2658 ...
2659 255 = /dev/nvidiactl Nvidia card control device
2660
2661196 char Tormenta T1 card
2662 0 = /dev/tor/0 Master control channel for all cards
2663 1 = /dev/tor/1 First DS0
2664 2 = /dev/tor/2 Second DS0
2665 ...
2666 48 = /dev/tor/48 48th DS0
2667 49 = /dev/tor/49 First pseudo-channel
2668 50 = /dev/tor/50 Second pseudo-channel
2669 ...
2670
2671197 char OpenTNF tracing facility
2672 0 = /dev/tnf/t0 Trace 0 data extraction
2673 1 = /dev/tnf/t1 Trace 1 data extraction
2674 ...
2675 128 = /dev/tnf/status Tracing facility status
2676 130 = /dev/tnf/trace Tracing device
2677
2678198 char Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
2679 0 = /dev/tpmp2/0 First card
2680 1 = /dev/tpmp2/1 Second card
2681 ...
2682
2683199 char Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2684 0 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* First volume
2685 1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* Second volume
2686 ...
2687
2688199 block Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2689 0 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* First volume
2690 1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* Second volume
2691 ...
2692
2693 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2694 the user space VxVM software.
2695
2696200 char Veritas VxVM configuration interface
2697 0 = /dev/vx/config Configuration access node
2698 1 = /dev/vx/trace Volume i/o trace access node
2699 2 = /dev/vx/iod Volume i/o daemon access node
2700 3 = /dev/vx/info Volume information access node
2701 4 = /dev/vx/task Volume tasks access node
2702 5 = /dev/vx/taskmon Volume tasks monitor daemon
2703
2704201 char Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2705 0 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* First multipath device
2706 1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* Second multipath device
2707 ...
2708201 block Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2709 0 = /dev/vx/dmp/* First multipath device
2710 1 = /dev/vx/dmp/* Second multipath device
2711 ...
2712
2713 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2714 the user space VxVM software.
2715
2716202 char CPU model-specific registers
2717 0 = /dev/cpu/0/msr MSRs on CPU 0
2718 1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr MSRs on CPU 1
2719 ...
2720
11420211
JE		 2721202 block Xen Virtual Block Device
2722 0 = /dev/xvda First Xen VBD whole disk
2723 16 = /dev/xvdb Second Xen VBD whole disk
2724 32 = /dev/xvdc Third Xen VBD whole disk
2725 ...
2726 240 = /dev/xvdp Sixteenth Xen VBD whole disk
2727
2728 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2729 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2730 partitions is 15.
2731
1da177e4
LT		 2732203 char CPU CPUID information
2733 0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid CPUID on CPU 0
2734 1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid CPUID on CPU 1
2735 ...
2736
2737204 char Low-density serial ports
2738 0 = /dev/ttyLU0 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 0
2739 1 = /dev/ttyLU1 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
2740 2 = /dev/ttyLU2 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
2741 3 = /dev/ttyLU3 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
2742 4 = /dev/ttyFB0 Intel Footbridge (ARM)
2743 5 = /dev/ttySA0 StrongARM builtin serial port 0
2744 6 = /dev/ttySA1 StrongARM builtin serial port 1
2745 7 = /dev/ttySA2 StrongARM builtin serial port 2
2746 8 = /dev/ttySC0 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
2747 9 = /dev/ttySC1 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
2748 10 = /dev/ttySC2 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
2749 11 = /dev/ttySC3 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
2750 12 = /dev/ttyFW0 Firmware console - port 0
2751 13 = /dev/ttyFW1 Firmware console - port 1
2752 14 = /dev/ttyFW2 Firmware console - port 2
2753 15 = /dev/ttyFW3 Firmware console - port 3
2754 16 = /dev/ttyAM0 ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
2755 ...
2756 31 = /dev/ttyAM15 ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
2757 32 = /dev/ttyDB0 DataBooster serial port 0
2758 ...
2759 39 = /dev/ttyDB7 DataBooster serial port 7
2760 40 = /dev/ttySG0 SGI Altix console port
2761 41 = /dev/ttySMX0 Motorola i.MX - port 0
2762 42 = /dev/ttySMX1 Motorola i.MX - port 1
2763 43 = /dev/ttySMX2 Motorola i.MX - port 2
2764 44 = /dev/ttyMM0 Marvell MPSC - port 0
2765 45 = /dev/ttyMM1 Marvell MPSC - port 1
2766 46 = /dev/ttyCPM0 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
2767 ...
2768 47 = /dev/ttyCPM5 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
11420211
JE		 2769 50 = /dev/ttyIOC0 Altix serial card
2770 ...
2771 81 = /dev/ttyIOC31 Altix serial card
2772 82 = /dev/ttyVR0 NEC VR4100 series SIU
2773 83 = /dev/ttyVR1 NEC VR4100 series DSIU
2774 84 = /dev/ttyIOC84 Altix ioc4 serial card
2775 ...
2776 115 = /dev/ttyIOC115 Altix ioc4 serial card
2777 116 = /dev/ttySIOC0 Altix ioc3 serial card
2778 ...
2779 147 = /dev/ttySIOC31 Altix ioc3 serial card
2780 148 = /dev/ttyPSC0 PPC PSC - port 0
2781 ...
2782 153 = /dev/ttyPSC5 PPC PSC - port 5
2783 154 = /dev/ttyAT0 ATMEL serial port 0
1da177e4 2784 ...
11420211
JE		 2785 169 = /dev/ttyAT15 ATMEL serial port 15
2786 170 = /dev/ttyNX0 Hilscher netX serial port 0
2787 ...
2788 185 = /dev/ttyNX15 Hilscher netX serial port 15
a4521948 2789 186 = /dev/ttyJ0 JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation
30aaa5c6
TM		 2790 187 = /dev/ttyUL0 Xilinx uartlite - port 0
2791 ...
2792 190 = /dev/ttyUL3 Xilinx uartlite - port 3
2793 191 = /dev/xvc0 Xen virtual console - port 0
04c860c1
AC		 2794 192 = /dev/ttyPZ0 pmac_zilog - port 0
2795 ...
2796 195 = /dev/ttyPZ3 pmac_zilog - port 3
2797 196 = /dev/ttyTX0 TX39/49 serial port 0
2798 ...
2799 204 = /dev/ttyTX7 TX39/49 serial port 7
2800 205 = /dev/ttySC0 SC26xx serial port 0
2801 206 = /dev/ttySC1 SC26xx serial port 1
2802 207 = /dev/ttySC2 SC26xx serial port 2
2803 208 = /dev/ttySC3 SC26xx serial port 3
05b36302
AC		 2804 209 = /dev/ttyMAX0 MAX3100 serial port 0
2805 210 = /dev/ttyMAX1 MAX3100 serial port 1
2806 211 = /dev/ttyMAX2 MAX3100 serial port 2
2807 212 = /dev/ttyMAX3 MAX3100 serial port 3
1da177e4
LT		 2808
2809205 char Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
2810 0 = /dev/culu0 Callout device for ttyLU0
2811 1 = /dev/culu1 Callout device for ttyLU1
2812 2 = /dev/culu2 Callout device for ttyLU2
2813 3 = /dev/culu3 Callout device for ttyLU3
2814 4 = /dev/cufb0 Callout device for ttyFB0
2815 5 = /dev/cusa0 Callout device for ttySA0
2816 6 = /dev/cusa1 Callout device for ttySA1
2817 7 = /dev/cusa2 Callout device for ttySA2
2818 8 = /dev/cusc0 Callout device for ttySC0
2819 9 = /dev/cusc1 Callout device for ttySC1
2820 10 = /dev/cusc2 Callout device for ttySC2
2821 11 = /dev/cusc3 Callout device for ttySC3
2822 12 = /dev/cufw0 Callout device for ttyFW0
2823 13 = /dev/cufw1 Callout device for ttyFW1
2824 14 = /dev/cufw2 Callout device for ttyFW2
2825 15 = /dev/cufw3 Callout device for ttyFW3
2826 16 = /dev/cuam0 Callout device for ttyAM0
2827 ...
2828 31 = /dev/cuam15 Callout device for ttyAM15
2829 32 = /dev/cudb0 Callout device for ttyDB0
2830 ...
2831 39 = /dev/cudb7 Callout device for ttyDB7
2832 40 = /dev/cusg0 Callout device for ttySG0
2833 41 = /dev/ttycusmx0 Callout device for ttySMX0
2834 42 = /dev/ttycusmx1 Callout device for ttySMX1
2835 43 = /dev/ttycusmx2 Callout device for ttySMX2
2836 46 = /dev/cucpm0 Callout device for ttyCPM0
2837 ...
2838 49 = /dev/cucpm5 Callout device for ttyCPM5
2839 50 = /dev/cuioc40 Callout device for ttyIOC40
2840 ...
2841 81 = /dev/cuioc431 Callout device for ttyIOC431
11420211
JE		 2842 82 = /dev/cuvr0 Callout device for ttyVR0
2843 83 = /dev/cuvr1 Callout device for ttyVR1
1da177e4 2844
1da177e4
LT		 2845206 char OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
2846 0 = /dev/osst0 First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2847 1 = /dev/osst1 Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2848 ...
2849 32 = /dev/osst0l First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2850 33 = /dev/osst1l Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2851 ...
2852 64 = /dev/osst0m First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2853 65 = /dev/osst1m Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2854 ...
2855 96 = /dev/osst0a First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2856 97 = /dev/osst1a Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2857 ...
2858 128 = /dev/nosst0 No rewind version of /dev/osst0
2859 129 = /dev/nosst1 No rewind version of /dev/osst1
2860 ...
2861 160 = /dev/nosst0l No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
2862 161 = /dev/nosst1l No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
2863 ...
2864 192 = /dev/nosst0m No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
2865 193 = /dev/nosst1m No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
2866 ...
2867 224 = /dev/nosst0a No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
2868 225 = /dev/nosst1a No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
2869 ...
2870
2871 The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
2872 standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
2873 their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
2874 maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
2875 usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
2876 driver as well. The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
2877 compliant and don't need osst.
2878
2879207 char Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
2880 0 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpqw Redirector interface
2881 1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom EISA CROM
2882 2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt Data Table
2883 3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt Event Log
2884 4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr Automatic Server Recovery
2885 5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc ECC Memory
2886 6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca Machine Check Architecture
2887 7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm Deprecated CDT
2888 8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi NMI Handling
2889 9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css Sideshow Management
2890 10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram CMOS interface
2891 11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci PCI IRQ interface
2892
2893208 char User space serial ports
2894 0 = /dev/ttyU0 First user space serial port
2895 1 = /dev/ttyU1 Second user space serial port
2896 ...
2897
2898209 char User space serial ports (alternate devices)
2899 0 = /dev/cuu0 Callout device for ttyU0
2900 1 = /dev/cuu1 Callout device for ttyU1
2901 ...
2902
2903210 char SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
2904 0 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg0 Configuration device for board 0
2905 1 = /dev/sbei/dld0 Download device for board 0
2906 2 = /dev/sbei/wan00 WAN device, port 0, board 0
2907 3 = /dev/sbei/wan01 WAN device, port 1, board 0
2908 4 = /dev/sbei/wan02 WAN device, port 2, board 0
2909 5 = /dev/sbei/wan03 WAN device, port 3, board 0
2910 6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00 WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
2911 7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01 WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
2912 8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02 WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
2913 9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03 WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
2914 10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1 Configuration device for board 1
2915 11 = /dev/sbei/dld1 Download device for board 1
2916 12 = /dev/sbei/wan10 WAN device, port 0, board 1
2917 13 = /dev/sbei/wan11 WAN device, port 1, board 1
2918 14 = /dev/sbei/wan12 WAN device, port 2, board 1
2919 15 = /dev/sbei/wan13 WAN device, port 3, board 1
2920 16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10 WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
2921 17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11 WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
2922 18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12 WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
2923 19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13 WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
2924 ...
2925
2926 Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.
2927
2928211 char Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
2929 0 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/0 First CPCI1500 card
2930 1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1 Second CPCI1500 card
2931 ...
2932
2933212 char LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem
1da177e4
LT		 2934 0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0 first video decoder of first card
2935 1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0 first audio decoder of first card
2936 2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0 (obsolete/unused)
2937 3 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 first frontend device of first card
2938 4 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0 first demux device of first card
2939 5 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0 first digital video recoder device of first card
2940 6 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0 first common access port of first card
2941 7 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0 first network device of first card
2942 8 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0 first on-screen-display device of first card
2943 9 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video1 second video decoder of first card
2944 ...
2945 64 = /dev/dvb/adapter1/video0 first video decoder of second card
2946 ...
2947 128 = /dev/dvb/adapter2/video0 first video decoder of third card
2948 ...
2949 196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0 first video decoder of fourth card
2950
c611d2cd
MH		 2951216 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices
2952 0 = /dev/rfcomm0 First Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
2953 1 = /dev/rfcomm1 Second Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
1da177e4
LT		 2954 ...
2955
c611d2cd
MH		 2956217 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices (alternate devices)
2957 0 = /dev/curf0 Callout device for rfcomm0
2958 1 = /dev/curf1 Callout device for rfcomm1
1da177e4
LT		 2959 ...
2960
2961218 char The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
2962 0 = /dev/logicalco/bci/0 First bus adapter
2963 1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1 First bus adapter
2964 ...
2965
2966219 char The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
2967 0 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/0 First DCI-1300 card
2968 1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1 Second DCI-1300 card
2969 ...
2970
2971220 char Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
2972 0 = /dev/myricom/gm0 First Myrinet GM board
2973 1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0 First board "root access"
2974 2 = /dev/myricom/gm1 Second Myrinet GM board
2975 3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1 Second board "root access"
2976 ...
2977
2978221 char VME bus
2979 0 = /dev/bus/vme/m0 First master image
2980 1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1 Second master image
2981 2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2 Third master image
2982 3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3 Fourth master image
2983 4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0 First slave image
2984 5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1 Second slave image
2985 6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2 Third slave image
2986 7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3 Fourth slave image
2987 8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl Control
2988
2989 It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
2990 same interface. For interface documentation see
2991 http://www.vmelinux.org/.
2992
2993224 char A2232 serial card
2994 0 = /dev/ttyY0 First A2232 port
2995 1 = /dev/ttyY1 Second A2232 port
2996 ...
2997
2998225 char A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
2999 0 = /dev/cuy0 Callout device for ttyY0
3000 1 = /dev/cuy1 Callout device for ttyY1
3001 ...
3002
3003226 char Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
3004 0 = /dev/dri/card0 First graphics card
3005 1 = /dev/dri/card1 Second graphics card
3006 ...
3007
3008227 char IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
3009 1 = /dev/3270/tty1 First 3270 terminal
3010 2 = /dev/3270/tty2 Seconds 3270 terminal
3011 ...
3012
3013228 char IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
3014 0 = /dev/3270/tub Controlling interface
3015 1 = /dev/3270/tub1 First 3270 terminal
3016 2 = /dev/3270/tub2 Second 3270 terminal
3017 ...
3018
30aaa5c6
TM		 3019229 char IBM iSeries/pSeries virtual console
3020 0 = /dev/hvc0 First console port
3021 1 = /dev/hvc1 Second console port
1da177e4
LT		 3022 ...
3023
3024230 char IBM iSeries virtual tape
3025 0 = /dev/iseries/vt0 First virtual tape, mode 0
3026 1 = /dev/iseries/vt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0
3027 ...
3028 32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l First virtual tape, mode 1
3029 33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1
3030 ...
3031 64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m First virtual tape, mode 2
3032 65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2
3033 ...
3034 96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a First virtual tape, mode 3
3035 97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3
3036 ...
3037 128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0 First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3038 129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3039 ...
3040 160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3041 161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3042 ...
3043 192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3044 193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3045 ...
3046 224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3047 225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3048 ...
3049
3050 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
3051 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
3052 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
3053 the device used to access it.
3054
11420211 3055231 char InfiniBand
1da177e4
LT		 3056 0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
3057 1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
11420211
JE		 3058 ...
3059 63 = /dev/infiniband/umad63 63rd InfiniBandMad device
3060 64 = /dev/infiniband/issm0 First InfiniBand IsSM device
3061 65 = /dev/infiniband/issm1 Second InfiniBand IsSM device
3062 ...
3063 127 = /dev/infiniband/issm63 63rd InfiniBand IsSM device
3064 128 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs0 First InfiniBand verbs device
3065 129 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs1 Second InfiniBand verbs device
3066 ...
3067 159 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs31 31st InfiniBand verbs device
3068
3069232 char Biometric Devices
3070 0 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on first device
3071 1 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/iris first iris sensor on first device
3072 2 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/retina first retina sensor on first device
3073 3 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/voiceprint first voiceprint sensor on first device
3074 4 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/facial first facial sensor on first device
3075 5 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/hand first hand sensor on first device
3076 ...
3077 10 = /dev/biometric/sensor1/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on second device
3078 ...
3079 20 = /dev/biometric/sensor2/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on third device
3080 ...
1da177e4 3081
11420211
JE		 3082233 char PathScale InfiniPath interconnect
3083 0 = /dev/ipath Primary device for programs (any unit)
3084 1 = /dev/ipath0 Access specifically to unit 0
3085 2 = /dev/ipath1 Access specifically to unit 1
3086 ...
3087 4 = /dev/ipath3 Access specifically to unit 3
3088 129 = /dev/ipath_sma Device used by Subnet Management Agent
3089 130 = /dev/ipath_diag Device used by diagnostics programs
3090
3091234-239 UNASSIGNED
1da177e4
LT		 3092
3093240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 3094
1da177e4
LT		 3095240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
3096 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
3097 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
3098 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
3099
3100255 char RESERVED
30aaa5c6 3101
1da177e4
LT		 3102255 block RESERVED
3103
3104 This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
3105 larger number space. No device nodes with this major
3106 should ever be created on the filesystem.
992caacf 3107 (This is probably not true anymore, but I'll leave it
11420211
JE		 3108 for now /Torben)
3109
3110---LARGE MAJORS!!!!!---
3111
3112256 char Equinox SST multi-port serial boards
3113 0 = /dev/ttyEQ0 First serial port on first Equinox SST board
3114 127 = /dev/ttyEQ127 Last serial port on first Equinox SST board
3115 128 = /dev/ttyEQ128 First serial port on second Equinox SST board
3116 ...
3117 1027 = /dev/ttyEQ1027 Last serial port on eighth Equinox SST board
3118
3119256 block Resident Flash Disk Flash Translation Layer
3120 0 = /dev/rfda First RFD FTL layer
3121 16 = /dev/rfdb Second RFD FTL layer
3122 ...
3123 240 = /dev/rfdp 16th RFD FTL layer
3124
a4521948
JE		 3125257 char Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver
3126 0 = /dev/ptlsec Crypto Services Driver
3127
30aaa5c6
TM		 3128257 block SSFDC Flash Translation Layer filesystem
3129 0 = /dev/ssfdca First SSFDC layer
3130 8 = /dev/ssfdcb Second SSFDC layer
3131 16 = /dev/ssfdcc Third SSFDC layer
3132 24 = /dev/ssfdcd 4th SSFDC layer
3133 32 = /dev/ssfdce 5th SSFDC layer
3134 40 = /dev/ssfdcf 6th SSFDC layer
3135 48 = /dev/ssfdcg 7th SSFDC layer
3136 56 = /dev/ssfdch 8th SSFDC layer
3137
3138258 block ROM/Flash read-only translation layer
3139 0 = /dev/blockrom0 First ROM card's translation layer interface
3140 1 = /dev/blockrom1 Second ROM card's translation layer interface
3141 ...
1da177e4 3142
04c860c1
AC		 3143259 block Block Extended Major
3144 Used dynamically to hold additional partition minor
3145 numbers and allow large numbers of partitions per device
3146
3147259 char FPGA configuration interfaces
3148 0 = /dev/icap0 First Xilinx internal configuration
3149 1 = /dev/icap1 Second Xilinx internal configuration
3150
71969fd9
BH		 3151260 char OSD (Object-based-device) SCSI Device
3152 0 = /dev/osd0 First OSD Device
3153 1 = /dev/osd1 Second OSD Device
3154 ...
3155 255 = /dev/osd255 256th OSD Device
3156
1da177e4
LT		 3157 **** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
3158
3159This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
3160the /dev directory. It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
3161form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here. Links are
3162classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
3163link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.
3164
3165
3166 Compulsory links
3167
3168These links should exist on all systems:
3169
3170/dev/fd /proc/self/fd symbolic File descriptors
3171/dev/stdin fd/0 symbolic stdin file descriptor
3172/dev/stdout fd/1 symbolic stdout file descriptor
3173/dev/stderr fd/2 symbolic stderr file descriptor
3174/dev/nfsd socksys symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3175/dev/X0R null symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3176
3177Note: /dev/X0R is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>.
3178
3179 Recommended links
3180
3181It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:
3182
3183/dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility
3184/dev/ramdisk ram0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3185/dev/ftape qft0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3186/dev/bttv0 video0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3187/dev/radio radio0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3188/dev/i2o* /dev/i2o/* symbolic Backward compatibility
3189/dev/scd? sr? hard Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name
3190
3191 Locally defined links
3192
3193The following links may be established locally to conform to the
3194configuration of the system. This is merely a tabulation of existing
3195practice, and does not constitute a recommendation. However, if they
3196exist, they should have the following uses.
3197
3198/dev/mouse mouse port symbolic Current mouse device
3199/dev/tape tape device symbolic Current tape device
3200/dev/cdrom CD-ROM device symbolic Current CD-ROM device
3201/dev/cdwriter CD-writer symbolic Current CD-writer device
3202/dev/scanner scanner symbolic Current scanner device
3203/dev/modem modem port symbolic Current dialout device
3204/dev/root root device symbolic Current root filesystem
3205/dev/swap swap device symbolic Current swap device
3206
3207/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
3208well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems. If it
3209exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device
3210(the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated).
3211
3212For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
3213``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
3214/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
3215SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).
3216
3217/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
3218device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).
3219
3220 Sockets and pipes
3221
3222Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev. Common entries are:
3223
3224/dev/printer socket lpd local socket
3225/dev/log socket syslog local socket
3226/dev/gpmdata socket gpm mouse multiplexer
3227
3228 Mount points
3229
3230The following names are reserved for mounting special filesystems
3231under /dev. These special filesystems provide kernel interfaces that
3232cannot be provided with standard device nodes.
3233
3234/dev/pts devpts PTY slave filesystem
3235/dev/shm tmpfs POSIX shared memory maintenance access
3236
3237 **** TERMINAL DEVICES
3238
3239Terminal, or TTY devices are a special class of character devices. A
3240terminal device is any device that could act as a controlling terminal
3241for a session; this includes virtual consoles, serial ports, and
3242pseudoterminals (PTYs).
3243
3244All terminal devices share a common set of capabilities known as line
fff9289b 3245disciplines; these include the common terminal line discipline as well
1da177e4
LT		 3246as SLIP and PPP modes.
3247
3248All terminal devices are named similarly; this section explains the
3249naming and use of the various types of TTYs. Note that the naming
3250conventions include several historical warts; some of these are
3251Linux-specific, some were inherited from other systems, and some
3252reflect Linux outgrowing a borrowed convention.
3253
3254A hash mark (#) in a device name is used here to indicate a decimal
3255number without leading zeroes.
3256
3257 Virtual consoles and the console device
3258
3259Virtual consoles are full-screen terminal displays on the system video
3260monitor. Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering
3261starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console.
3262/dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video
3263card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices
3264(/dev/fb*) are not applicable. Do not use /dev/console
3265for this purpose.
3266
3267The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system
3268messages should be sent, and on which logins should be permitted in
3269single-user mode. Starting with Linux 2.1.71, /dev/console is managed
3270by the kernel; for previous versions it should be a symbolic link to
3271either /dev/tty0, a specific virtual console such as /dev/tty1, or to
3272a serial port primary (tty*, not cu*) device, depending on the
3273configuration of the system.
3274
3275 Serial ports
3276
3277Serial ports are RS-232 serial ports and any device which simulates
3278one, either in hardware (such as internal modems) or in software (such
3279as the ISDN driver.) Under Linux, each serial ports has two device
3280names, the primary or callin device and the alternate or callout one.
3281Each kind of device is indicated by a different letter. For any
3282letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#,
3283respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC#
3284correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#. In the future, it should be
3285expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper
3286case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the
3287"cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#).
3288
3289The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use.
3290
3291The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat
3292different defaults than the primary devices. Their main purpose is to
3293allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken
3294support for serial ports. Their use is deprecated, and they may be
3295removed from a future version of Linux.
3296
3297Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with
3298the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#. The contents of the lock file should
3299be the PID of the locking process as an ASCII number.
3300
3301It is common practice to install links such as /dev/modem
3302which point to serial ports. In order to ensure proper locking in the
3303presence of these links, it is recommended that software chase
3304symlinks and lock all possible names; additionally, it is recommended
3305that a lock file be installed with the corresponding alternate
3306device. In order to avoid deadlocks, it is recommended that the locks
3307are acquired in the following order, and released in the reverse:
3308
3309 1. The symbolic link name, if any (/var/lock/LCK..modem)
3310 2. The "tty" name (/var/lock/LCK..ttyS2)
3311 3. The alternate device name (/var/lock/LCK..cua2)
3312
3313In the case of nested symbolic links, the lock files should be
3314installed in the order the symlinks are resolved.
3315
3316Under no circumstances should an application hold a lock while waiting
3317for another to be released. In addition, applications which attempt
3318to create lock files for the corresponding alternate device names
3319should take into account the possibility of being used on a non-serial
3320port TTY, for which no alternate device would exist.
3321
3322 Pseudoterminals (PTYs)
3323
3324Pseudoterminals, or PTYs, are used to create login sessions or provide
fff9289b 3325other capabilities requiring a TTY line discipline (including SLIP or
1da177e4
LT		 3326PPP capability) to arbitrary data-generation processes. Each PTY has
3327a master side, named /dev/pty[p-za-e][0-9a-f], and a slave side, named
3328/dev/tty[p-za-e][0-9a-f]. The kernel arbitrates the use of PTYs by
3329allowing each master side to be opened only once.
3330
3331Once the master side has been opened, the corresponding slave device
3332can be used in the same manner as any TTY device. The master and
3333slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent
3334of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities.
3335
3336Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for
3337the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common
3338device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically
3339give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts,
3340for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/#
3341in our notation). This removes the problem of exhausting the
3342namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device
3343nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem.
3344
Clone of davem's net-next-2.6 tree