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1da177e4
LT		 1
2 LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES (2.6+ version)
3
04c860c1 4 Maintained by Alan Cox <device@lanana.org>
1da177e4 5
e379ec7c 6 Last revised: 6th April 2009
1da177e4
LT		 7
8This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
9device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
10system.
11
12The latest version of this list is available from
13http://www.lanana.org/docs/device-list/ or
14ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/. This version may be
15newer than the one distributed with the Linux kernel.
16
17The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained.
18
19This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy
20Standard (FHS). The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.
21
22Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
23platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
24the Atari platform only.
25
26The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for
27removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released. Some of these
28allocations have already been removed.
29
30This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however,
31that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
32permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
33an unreasonable effort.
34
35In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
36least not without contacting me first.
37
38I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
39on this list. Any such information requests will be deleted without
40reply.
41
42
43 **** DEVICE DRIVERS AUTHORS PLEASE READ THIS ****
44
45To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
46where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
47appropriate device information. Also, if you have additional
48information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
49made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.
50
51I do, however, make a few requests about the nature of your report.
52This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and
53correct in a timely manner. First of all, *please* send it to the
54correct address... <device@lanana.org>. I receive hundreds of email
55messages a day, so mail sent to other addresses may very well get lost
56in the avalanche. Please put in a descriptive subject, so I can find
57your mail again should I need to. Too many people send me email
58saying just "device number request" in the subject.
59
60Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format
61as this list*. The reason for this is that it is the only way I have
62found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your
63device and avoid conflicts.
64
65Third, please don't assume that the distributed version of the list is
66up to date. Due to the number of registrations I have to maintain it
67in "batch mode", so there is likely additional registrations that
68haven't been listed yet.
69
04c860c1
AC		 70Fourth, remember that Linux now has extensive support for dynamic allocation
71of device numbering and can use sysfs and udev to handle the naming needs.
72There are still some exceptions in the serial and boot device area. Before
73asking for a device number make sure you actually need one.
74
1da177e4
LT		 75Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police." Please don't be
76offended. I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound
77to cause conflicts down the road. I am trying to avoid getting in a
78situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward
79change. Therefore, please consult with me *before* you make your
80device names and numbers in any way public, at least to the point
81where it would be at all difficult to get them changed.
82
83Your cooperation is appreciated.
84
85
86 0 Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
87 0 = reserved as null device number
88 See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.
89
90 1 char Memory devices
91 1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access
92 2 = /dev/kmem Kernel virtual memory access
93 3 = /dev/null Null device
94 4 = /dev/port I/O port access
95 5 = /dev/zero Null byte source
96 6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
97 7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write
98 8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.
99 9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
5d3f083d 100 10 = /dev/aio Asynchronous I/O notification interface
1da177e4 101 11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's
8814842f
DJ		 102 12 = /dev/oldmem Used by crashdump kernels to access
103 the memory of the kernel that crashed.
30aaa5c6 104
1da177e4
LT		 105 1 block RAM disk
106 0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk
107 1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk
108 ...
04c860c1 109 250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk
1da177e4
LT		 110
111 Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
112 /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
113 by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
114 the initrd.
115
116 2 char Pseudo-TTY masters
117 0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master
118 1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master
119 ...
120 255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master
121
122 Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
123 * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
124 * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
125 the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
126 * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
127 the position within the series.
128
129 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
130 devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
131 master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
132 demand.
30aaa5c6 133
1da177e4
LT		 134 2 block Floppy disks
135 0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
136 1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
137 2 = /dev/fd2 Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
138 3 = /dev/fd3 Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
139 128 = /dev/fd4 Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
140 129 = /dev/fd5 Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
141 130 = /dev/fd6 Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
142 131 = /dev/fd7 Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
143
144 To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
145 0 = /dev/fd? Autodetect format
146 4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1)
147 20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1)
148 48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive
149 64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive
150 24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive
151 80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1)
152 8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
153 40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
154 56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
155 72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
156 92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
157
158 12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density(2)
159 16 = /dev/fd?u720 3.5" 720K Double Density(1)
160 120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(2)
161 52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density
162 68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density
163 84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1)
164 88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1)
165 28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1)
166 124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1)
167 44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3)
168 60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density
169 76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5" 1743K High Density
170 96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5" 1760K High Density
171 116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5" 1840K High Density(3)
172 100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5" 1920K High Density(1)
173 32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5" 2880K Extra Density(1)
174 104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5" 3200K Extra Density
175 108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5" 3520K Extra Density
176 112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5" 3840K Extra Density(1)
177
178 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
179
180 (1) Autodetectable format
181 (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
182 (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
183
184 NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
185 signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
186 5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
187 (any model, u). The use of the capital letters D, H
188 and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
189 the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
190
191 3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves
192 0 = /dev/ttyp0 First PTY slave
193 1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave
194 ...
195 255 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave
196
197 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
198 devices are on major 136 and above.
199
200 3 block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
201 0 = /dev/hda Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
202 64 = /dev/hdb Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
203
204 For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
205 0 = /dev/hd? Whole disk
206 1 = /dev/hd?1 First partition
207 2 = /dev/hd?2 Second partition
208 ...
209 63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition
210
211 For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
212 partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
213 Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
214 appropriate to their respective architectures.
215
216 4 char TTY devices
217 0 = /dev/tty0 Current virtual console
218
219 1 = /dev/tty1 First virtual console
220 ...
221 63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console
222 64 = /dev/ttyS0 First UART serial port
223 ...
224 255 = /dev/ttyS191 192nd UART serial port
225
226 UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
227
228 Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
229 number for BSD PTY devices. As of Linux 2.1.115, this
230 is no longer supported. Use major numbers 2 and 3.
231
232 4 block Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
233 when its not possible to create the real device nodes
234 because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.
235
236 0 = /dev/root
237
238 5 char Alternate TTY devices
239 0 = /dev/tty Current TTY device
240 1 = /dev/console System console
241 2 = /dev/ptmx PTY master multiplex
242 64 = /dev/cua0 Callout device for ttyS0
243 ...
244 255 = /dev/cua191 Callout device for ttyS191
245
246 (5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71. See
247 the section on terminal devices for more information
248 on /dev/console.
249
250 6 char Parallel printer devices
251 0 = /dev/lp0 Parallel printer on parport0
252 1 = /dev/lp1 Parallel printer on parport1
253 ...
254
255 Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
256 between parallel ports and I/O addresses. Instead,
257 they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
258
259 7 char Virtual console capture devices
260 0 = /dev/vcs Current vc text contents
261 1 = /dev/vcs1 tty1 text contents
262 ...
263 63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text contents
264 128 = /dev/vcsa Current vc text/attribute contents
265 129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents
266 ...
267 191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents
30aaa5c6 268
1da177e4
LT		 269 NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
270
271 7 block Loopback devices
11420211
JE		 272 0 = /dev/loop0 First loop device
273 1 = /dev/loop1 Second loop device
1da177e4
LT		 274 ...
275
11420211 276 The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
1da177e4 277 associated with block devices. The binding to the
11420211 278 loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
1da177e4
LT		 279
280 8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15)
281 0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk
282 16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk
283 32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk
284 ...
285 240 = /dev/sdp Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
286
287 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
288 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
289 partitions is 15.
290
291 9 char SCSI tape devices
292 0 = /dev/st0 First SCSI tape, mode 0
293 1 = /dev/st1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0
294 ...
295 32 = /dev/st0l First SCSI tape, mode 1
296 33 = /dev/st1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1
297 ...
298 64 = /dev/st0m First SCSI tape, mode 2
299 65 = /dev/st1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2
300 ...
301 96 = /dev/st0a First SCSI tape, mode 3
302 97 = /dev/st1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3
303 ...
304 128 = /dev/nst0 First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
305 129 = /dev/nst1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
306 ...
307 160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
308 161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
309 ...
310 192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
311 193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
312 ...
313 224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
314 225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
315 ...
316
317 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
318 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
319 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
320 the device used to access it.
321
322 9 block Metadisk (RAID) devices
323 0 = /dev/md0 First metadisk group
324 1 = /dev/md1 Second metadisk group
325 ...
326
327 The metadisk driver is used to span a
328 filesystem across multiple physical disks.
329
330 10 char Non-serial mice, misc features
331 0 = /dev/logibm Logitech bus mouse
332 1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port
333 2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse
334 3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse
335 4 = /dev/jbm J-mouse
336 4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
337 5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse
338 6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse
339 7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse
340 8 = /dev/smouse Simple serial mouse driver
341 9 = /dev/pc110pad IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
342 10 = /dev/adbmouse Apple Desktop Bus mouse
343 11 = /dev/vrtpanel Vr41xx embedded touch panel
344 13 = /dev/vpcmouse Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
345 14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00 UCB 1x00 touchscreen
346 15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712 MK712 touchscreen
347 128 = /dev/beep Fancy beep device
04c860c1 348 129 =
1da177e4
LT		 349 130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port
350 131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature
351 132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap
352 133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap
353 134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS
354 135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock
355 139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM
356 140 = /dev/relay8 Berkshire Products Octal relay card
357 141 = /dev/relay16 Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
04c860c1 358 142 =
1da177e4
LT		 359 143 = /dev/pciconf PCI configuration space
360 144 = /dev/nvram Non-volatile configuration RAM
04c860c1 361 145 = /dev/hfmodem Soundcard shortwave modem control
1da177e4
LT		 362 146 = /dev/graphics Linux/SGI graphics device
363 147 = /dev/opengl Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
364 148 = /dev/gfx Linux/SGI graphics effects device
365 149 = /dev/input/mouse Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
366 150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
367 151 = /dev/led Front panel LEDs
368 152 = /dev/kpoll Kernel Poll Driver
369 153 = /dev/mergemem Memory merge device
370 154 = /dev/pmu Macintosh PowerBook power manager
371 155 = /dev/isictl MultiTech ISICom serial control
372 156 = /dev/lcd Front panel LCD display
373 157 = /dev/ac Applicom Intl Profibus card
374 158 = /dev/nwbutton Netwinder external button
375 159 = /dev/nwdebug Netwinder debug interface
376 160 = /dev/nwflash Netwinder flash memory
377 161 = /dev/userdma User-space DMA access
378 162 = /dev/smbus System Management Bus
379 163 = /dev/lik Logitech Internet Keyboard
380 164 = /dev/ipmo Intel Intelligent Platform Management
381 165 = /dev/vmmon VMWare virtual machine monitor
382 166 = /dev/i2o/ctl I2O configuration manager
383 167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
384 168 = /dev/tcldrv Technology Concepts serial control
385 169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
386 170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad IBM Thinkpad devices
387 171 = /dev/srripc QNX4 API IPC manager
388 172 = /dev/usemaclone Semaphore clone device
389 173 = /dev/ipmikcs Intelligent Platform Management
390 174 = /dev/uctrl SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
391 175 = /dev/agpgart AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
392 176 = /dev/gtrsc Gorgy Timing radio clock
393 177 = /dev/cbm Serial CBM bus
394 178 = /dev/jsflash JavaStation OS flash SIMM
395 179 = /dev/xsvc High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
396 180 = /dev/vrbuttons Vr41xx button input device
397 181 = /dev/toshiba Toshiba laptop SMM support
398 182 = /dev/perfctr Performance-monitoring counters
399 183 = /dev/hwrng Generic random number generator
400 184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
401 186 = /dev/atomicps Atomic shapshot of process state data
402 187 = /dev/irnet IrNET device
403 188 = /dev/smbusbios SMBus BIOS
404 189 = /dev/ussp_ctl User space serial port control
405 190 = /dev/crash Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
406 191 = /dev/pcl181 <information missing>
407 192 = /dev/nas_xbus NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
408 193 = /dev/d7s SPARC 7-segment display
409 194 = /dev/zkshim Zero-Knowledge network shim control
410 195 = /dev/elographics/e2201 Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
411 198 = /dev/sexec Signed executable interface
412 199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
413 200 = /dev/net/tun TAP/TUN network device
414 201 = /dev/button/gulpb Transmeta GULP-B buttons
415 202 = /dev/emd/ctl Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
416 204 = /dev/video/em8300 EM8300 DVD decoder control
417 205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv EM8300 DVD decoder video
418 206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma EM8300 DVD decoder audio
419 207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
420 208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
421 209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid Compaq Remote Insight Driver
30aaa5c6 422 210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer
1da177e4
LT		 423 211 = /dev/impi/smic IMPI coprocessor stream interface
424 212 = /dev/watchdogs/0 First watchdog device
425 213 = /dev/watchdogs/1 Second watchdog device
426 214 = /dev/watchdogs/2 Third watchdog device
427 215 = /dev/watchdogs/3 Fourth watchdog device
428 216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
429 217 = /dev/ni/natmotn National Instruments Motion
430 218 = /dev/kchuid Inter-process chuid control
431 219 = /dev/modems/mwave MWave modem firmware upload
432 220 = /dev/mptctl Message passing technology (MPT) control
433 221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
434 222 = /dev/mvista/hasi Montavista PICMG high availability
435 223 = /dev/input/uinput User level driver support for input
436 224 = /dev/tpm TCPA TPM driver
437 225 = /dev/pps Pulse Per Second driver
438 226 = /dev/systrace Systrace device
439 227 = /dev/mcelog X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
440 228 = /dev/hpet HPET driver
441 229 = /dev/fuse Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
442 230 = /dev/midishare MidiShare driver
04c860c1
AC		 443 231 = /dev/snapshot System memory snapshot device
444 232 = /dev/kvm Kernel-based virtual machine (hardware virtualization extensions)
445 233 = /dev/kmview View-OS A process with a view
578454ff
KS		 446 234 = /dev/btrfs-control Btrfs control device
447 235 = /dev/autofs Autofs control device
1da177e4
LT		 448 240-254 Reserved for local use
449 255 Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
450
451 11 char Raw keyboard device (Linux/SPARC only)
452 0 = /dev/kbd Raw keyboard device
453
454 11 char Serial Mux device (Linux/PA-RISC only)
455 0 = /dev/ttyB0 First mux port
456 1 = /dev/ttyB1 Second mux port
457 ...
458
459 11 block SCSI CD-ROM devices
460 0 = /dev/scd0 First SCSI CD-ROM
461 1 = /dev/scd1 Second SCSI CD-ROM
462 ...
463
464 The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.
465
466 12 char QIC-02 tape
467 2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
468 3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close
469 4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
470 5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close
471 6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
472 7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close
473 8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
474 9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close
475
476 The device names specified are proposed -- if there
477 are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
478
04c860c1 479 12 block
1da177e4
LT		 480
481 13 char Input core
482 0 = /dev/input/js0 First joystick
483 1 = /dev/input/js1 Second joystick
484 ...
485 32 = /dev/input/mouse0 First mouse
486 33 = /dev/input/mouse1 Second mouse
487 ...
488 63 = /dev/input/mice Unified mouse
489 64 = /dev/input/event0 First event queue
490 65 = /dev/input/event1 Second event queue
491 ...
492
493 Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
494
495 13 block 8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
496 0 = /dev/xda First XT disk whole disk
497 64 = /dev/xdb Second XT disk whole disk
498
499 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
500 (see major number 3).
501
502 14 char Open Sound System (OSS)
503 0 = /dev/mixer Mixer control
504 1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer
505 2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port
506 3 = /dev/dsp Digital audio
507 4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio
04c860c1 508 6 =
1da177e4
LT		 509 7 = /dev/audioctl SPARC audio control device
510 8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device
511 16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control
512 17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager
513 18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port
514 19 = /dev/dsp1 Second soundcard digital audio
515 20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio
516 33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
517 34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
518 50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
30aaa5c6 519
04c860c1 520 14 block
1da177e4
LT		 521
522 15 char Joystick
523 0 = /dev/js0 First analog joystick
524 1 = /dev/js1 Second analog joystick
525 ...
526 128 = /dev/djs0 First digital joystick
527 129 = /dev/djs1 Second digital joystick
528 ...
529 15 block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
530 0 = /dev/sonycd Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
531
532 16 char Non-SCSI scanners
533 0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner
30aaa5c6 534
1da177e4
LT		 535 16 block GoldStar CD-ROM
536 0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM
537
04c860c1 538 17 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card)
1da177e4
LT		 539 0 = /dev/ttyH0 First Chase port
540 1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port
541 ...
542 17 block Optics Storage CD-ROM
543 0 = /dev/optcd Optics Storage CD-ROM
544
04c860c1 545 18 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card - alternate devices)
1da177e4
LT		 546 0 = /dev/cuh0 Callout device for ttyH0
547 1 = /dev/cuh1 Callout device for ttyH1
548 ...
549 18 block Sanyo CD-ROM
550 0 = /dev/sjcd Sanyo CD-ROM
551
552 19 char Cyclades serial card
553 0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port
554 ...
555 31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port
30aaa5c6 556
1da177e4
LT		 557 19 block "Double" compressed disk
558 0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk
559 ...
560 7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk
561 128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk
562 ...
563 135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk
564
565 See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
566 mirror devices.
567
568 20 char Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
569 0 = /dev/cub0 Callout device for ttyC0
570 ...
571 31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device for ttyC31
30aaa5c6 572
1da177e4
LT		 573 20 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
574 0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM
575
576 21 char Generic SCSI access
577 0 = /dev/sg0 First generic SCSI device
578 1 = /dev/sg1 Second generic SCSI device
579 ...
580
581 Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
582 this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
583 the system and is counter to standard Linux
584 device-naming practice.
585
586 21 block Acorn MFM hard drive interface
587 0 = /dev/mfma First MFM drive whole disk
588 64 = /dev/mfmb Second MFM drive whole disk
589
590 This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
591 Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
30aaa5c6 592 (see major number 3).
1da177e4
LT		 593
594 22 char Digiboard serial card
595 0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port
596 1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port
597 ...
598 22 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
599 0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
600 64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
30aaa5c6 601
1da177e4
LT		 602 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
603 interface (see major number 3).
604
605 23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
606 0 = /dev/cud0 Callout device for ttyD0
607 1 = /dev/cud1 Callout device for ttyD1
608 ...
609 23 block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
610 0 = /dev/mcd Mitsumi CD-ROM
611
612 24 char Stallion serial card
613 0 = /dev/ttyE0 Stallion port 0 card 0
614 1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0
615 ...
616 64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1
617 65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1
618 ...
619 128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2
620 129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2
621 ...
622 192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3
623 193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3
624 ...
625 24 block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
626 0 = /dev/cdu535 Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
627
628 25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices
629 0 = /dev/cue0 Callout device for ttyE0
630 1 = /dev/cue1 Callout device for ttyE1
631 ...
632 64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device for ttyE64
633 65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device for ttyE65
634 ...
635 128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device for ttyE128
636 129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device for ttyE129
637 ...
638 192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device for ttyE192
639 193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device for ttyE193
640 ...
641 25 block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
642 0 = /dev/sbpcd0 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
643 1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
644 2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
645 3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
646
04c860c1 647 26 char
30aaa5c6 648
1da177e4
LT		 649 26 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
650 0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
651 1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
652 2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
653 3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
654
655 27 char QIC-117 tape
656 0 = /dev/qft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close
657 1 = /dev/qft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close
658 2 = /dev/qft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close
659 3 = /dev/qft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close
660 4 = /dev/nqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
661 5 = /dev/nqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
662 6 = /dev/nqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
663 7 = /dev/nqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
664 16 = /dev/zqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
665 17 = /dev/zqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
666 18 = /dev/zqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
667 19 = /dev/zqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
668 20 = /dev/nzqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
669 21 = /dev/nzqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
670 22 = /dev/nzqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
671 23 = /dev/nzqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
672 32 = /dev/rawqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
673 33 = /dev/rawqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
674 34 = /dev/rawqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
675 35 = /dev/rawqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
676 36 = /dev/nrawqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
677 37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
678 38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
679 39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
30aaa5c6 680
1da177e4
LT		 681 27 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
682 0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
683 1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
684 2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
685 3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
686
687 28 char Stallion serial card - card programming
688 0 = /dev/staliomem0 First Stallion card I/O memory
689 1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
690 2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
691 3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
30aaa5c6 692
1da177e4
LT		 693 28 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
694 0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer
695 1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer
696 ...
697 28 block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
698 0 = /dev/sbpcd12 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
699 1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
700 2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
701 3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
30aaa5c6 702
1da177e4
LT		 703 28 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
704 0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk
705 16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk
706 32 = /dev/adc Third ACSI disk whole disk
707 ...
708 240 = /dev/adp 16th ACSI disk whole disk
709
710 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
711 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
712 partitions is 15, like SCSI.
713
714 29 char Universal frame buffer
715 0 = /dev/fb0 First frame buffer
716 1 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer
717 ...
718 31 = /dev/fb31 32nd frame buffer
719
720 29 block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
721 0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM
722
723 30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices
724 0 = /dev/socksys Socket access
725 1 = /dev/spx SVR3 local X interface
726 32 = /dev/inet/ip Network access
727 33 = /dev/inet/icmp
728 34 = /dev/inet/ggp
729 35 = /dev/inet/ipip
730 36 = /dev/inet/tcp
731 37 = /dev/inet/egp
732 38 = /dev/inet/pup
733 39 = /dev/inet/udp
734 40 = /dev/inet/idp
735 41 = /dev/inet/rawip
736
737 Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:
738
739 /dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
740 /dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
741 /dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
742 /dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
743 /dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
744 /dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
745 /dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
746 /dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
747 /dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
748 /dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
749 /dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
750 /dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
751 /dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
752 /dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)
753
754 30 block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
755 0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
756
757 /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device. This
758 driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
759
760 31 char MPU-401 MIDI
761 0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port
762 1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
30aaa5c6 763
1da177e4
LT		 764 31 block ROM/flash memory card
765 0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw)
766 ...
767 7 = /dev/rom7 Eighth ROM card (rw)
768 8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro)
769 ...
770 15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro)
771 16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw)
772 ...
773 23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw)
774 24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro)
775 ...
776 31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro)
777
778 The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
779 written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
780 devices. The read-only devices (ro) support reading
781 only.
782
783 32 char Specialix serial card
784 0 = /dev/ttyX0 First Specialix port
785 1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port
786 ...
787 32 block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
788 0 = /dev/cm206cd Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
789
790 33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices
791 0 = /dev/cux0 Callout device for ttyX0
792 1 = /dev/cux1 Callout device for ttyX1
793 ...
794 33 block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
795 0 = /dev/hde Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
796 64 = /dev/hdf Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
797
798 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
799 interface (see major number 3).
800
801 34 char Z8530 HDLC driver
802 0 = /dev/scc0 First Z8530, first port
803 1 = /dev/scc1 First Z8530, second port
804 2 = /dev/scc2 Second Z8530, first port
805 3 = /dev/scc3 Second Z8530, second port
806 ...
807
808 In a previous version these devices were named
809 /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
810 on.
811
812 34 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
813 0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
814 64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
30aaa5c6 815
1da177e4
LT		 816 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
817 interface (see major number 3).
818
819 35 char tclmidi MIDI driver
820 0 = /dev/midi0 First MIDI port, kernel timed
821 1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed
822 2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed
823 3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
824 64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed
825 65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed
826 66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed
827 67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed
828 128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
829 129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
830 130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
831 131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
30aaa5c6 832
1da177e4
LT		 833 35 block Slow memory ramdisk
834 0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk
835
836 36 char Netlink support
837 0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user
838 1 = /dev/skip enSKIP security cache control
839 3 = /dev/fwmonitor Firewall packet copies
840 16 = /dev/tap0 First Ethertap device
841 ...
842 31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device
30aaa5c6 843
1da177e4
LT		 844 36 block MCA ESDI hard disk
845 0 = /dev/eda First ESDI disk whole disk
846 64 = /dev/edb Second ESDI disk whole disk
847 ...
848
849 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
850 (see major number 3).
851
852 37 char IDE tape
853 0 = /dev/ht0 First IDE tape
854 1 = /dev/ht1 Second IDE tape
855 ...
856 128 = /dev/nht0 First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
857 129 = /dev/nht1 Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
858 ...
859
860 Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
861
862 37 block Zorro II ramdisk
863 0 = /dev/z2ram Zorro II ramdisk
864
865 38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board
866 0 = /dev/mlanai0 First Myrinet board
867 1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board
868 ...
869
870 This device is used for status query, board control
871 and "user level packet I/O." This board is also
872 accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
873
04c860c1 874 38 block OBSOLETE (was Linux/AP+)
1da177e4
LT		 875
876 39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board
877 0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0 First card, first analog channel
878 1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel
879 ...
880 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel
881 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines
882 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer
883 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer
884 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer
885 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel
886 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel
887 ...
888 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel
889 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines
890 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer
891 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer
892 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer
893 ...
04c860c1 894 39 block
1da177e4 895
04c860c1 896 40 char
30aaa5c6 897
04c860c1 898 40 block
1da177e4
LT		 899
900 41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
901 0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor
30aaa5c6 902
04c860c1 903 41 block
1da177e4
LT		 904
905 42 char Demo/sample use
30aaa5c6 906
1da177e4
LT		 907 42 block Demo/sample use
908
909 This number is intended for use in sample code, as
910 well as a general "example" device number. It
911 should never be used for a device driver that is being
912 distributed; either obtain an official number or use
913 the local/experimental range. The sudden addition or
914 removal of a driver with this number should not cause
915 ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
916
917 IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
918 DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
919
920 43 char isdn4linux virtual modem
921 0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem
922 ...
923 63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
30aaa5c6 924
1da177e4
LT		 925 43 block Network block devices
926 0 = /dev/nb0 First network block device
927 1 = /dev/nb1 Second network block device
928 ...
929
930 Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
931 devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
932 network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
933 sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
934 to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
935 the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
936
937 44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
938 0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device for ttyI0
939 ...
940 63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63
30aaa5c6 941
1da177e4
LT		 942 44 block Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
943 0 = /dev/ftla FTL on first Memory Technology Device
944 16 = /dev/ftlb FTL on second Memory Technology Device
945 32 = /dev/ftlc FTL on third Memory Technology Device
946 ...
30aaa5c6 947 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
1da177e4
LT		 948
949 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
11420211 950 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
1da177e4
LT		 951 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
952
953 45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
954 0 = /dev/isdn0 First virtual B channel raw data
955 ...
956 63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data
957 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug
958 ...
959 127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug
960
961 128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device
962 ...
963 191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device
964
965 255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
30aaa5c6 966
1da177e4
LT		 967 45 block Parallel port IDE disk devices
968 0 = /dev/pda First parallel port IDE disk
969 16 = /dev/pdb Second parallel port IDE disk
970 32 = /dev/pdc Third parallel port IDE disk
971 48 = /dev/pdd Fourth parallel port IDE disk
972
973 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
974 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
975 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
976
977 46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card
978 0 = /dev/ttyR0 First Rocketport port
979 1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port
980 ...
981 46 block Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
982 0 = /dev/pcd0 First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
983 1 = /dev/pcd1 Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
984 2 = /dev/pcd2 Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
985 3 = /dev/pcd3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
986
987 47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
988 0 = /dev/cur0 Callout device for ttyR0
989 1 = /dev/cur1 Callout device for ttyR1
990 ...
991 47 block Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
992 0 = /dev/pf0 First parallel port ATAPI disk
993 1 = /dev/pf1 Second parallel port ATAPI disk
994 2 = /dev/pf2 Third parallel port ATAPI disk
995 3 = /dev/pf3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
996
997 This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
998 devices and hence does not support partitioning.
999
1000 48 char SDL RISCom serial card
1001 0 = /dev/ttyL0 First RISCom port
1002 1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port
1003 ...
1004 48 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
1005 0 = /dev/rd/c0d0 First disk, whole disk
1006 8 = /dev/rd/c0d1 Second disk, whole disk
1007 ...
1008 248 = /dev/rd/c0d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1009
1010 For partitions add:
1011 0 = /dev/rd/c?d? Whole disk
1012 1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1 First partition
1013 ...
1014 7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7 Seventh partition
1015
1016 49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
1017 0 = /dev/cul0 Callout device for ttyL0
1018 1 = /dev/cul1 Callout device for ttyL1
1019 ...
1020 49 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
1021 0 = /dev/rd/c1d0 First disk, whole disk
1022 8 = /dev/rd/c1d1 Second disk, whole disk
1023 ...
1024 248 = /dev/rd/c1d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1025
1026 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1027
1028 50 char Reserved for GLINT
1029
1030 50 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
1031 0 = /dev/rd/c2d0 First disk, whole disk
1032 8 = /dev/rd/c2d1 Second disk, whole disk
1033 ...
1034 248 = /dev/rd/c2d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1035
1036 51 char Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
1037 0 = /dev/bc0 First Baycom radio modem
1038 1 = /dev/bc1 Second Baycom radio modem
1039 ...
1040 51 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
1041 0 = /dev/rd/c3d0 First disk, whole disk
1042 8 = /dev/rd/c3d1 Second disk, whole disk
1043 ...
1044 248 = /dev/rd/c3d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1045
1046 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1047
1048 52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
1049 0 = /dev/dcbri0 First DataComm card
1050 1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
1051 2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
1052 3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
30aaa5c6 1053
1da177e4
LT		 1054 52 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
1055 0 = /dev/rd/c4d0 First disk, whole disk
1056 8 = /dev/rd/c4d1 Second disk, whole disk
1057 ...
1058 248 = /dev/rd/c4d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1059
1060 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1061
1062 53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
1063 0 = /dev/pd_bdm0 PD BDM interface on lp0
1064 1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1
1065 2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2
1066 4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0
1067 5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1
1068 6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2
1069
1070 This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
1071 microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
1072 Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
1073 Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
1074 by P&E.
1075
1076 53 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
1077 0 = /dev/rd/c5d0 First disk, whole disk
1078 8 = /dev/rd/c5d1 Second disk, whole disk
1079 ...
1080 248 = /dev/rd/c5d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1081
1082 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1083
1084 54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
1085 0 = /dev/holter0 First Holter port
1086 1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port
1087 2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port
1088
1089 A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
1090 <mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
1091 24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
1092
1093 54 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
1094 0 = /dev/rd/c6d0 First disk, whole disk
1095 8 = /dev/rd/c6d1 Second disk, whole disk
1096 ...
1097 248 = /dev/rd/c6d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1098
1099 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1100
1101 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor
1102 0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001
30aaa5c6 1103
5d3f083d 1104 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1105 0 = /dev/rd/c7d0 First disk, whole disk
1106 8 = /dev/rd/c7d1 Second disk, whole disk
1107 ...
1108 248 = /dev/rd/c7d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1109
1110 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1111
1112 56 char Apple Desktop Bus
1113 0 = /dev/adb ADB bus control
1114
1115 Additional devices will be added to this number, all
1116 starting with /dev/adb.
1117
1118 56 block Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1119 0 = /dev/hdi Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1120 64 = /dev/hdj Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1121
1122 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1123 interface (see major number 3).
1124
1125 57 char Hayes ESP serial card
1126 0 = /dev/ttyP0 First ESP port
1127 1 = /dev/ttyP1 Second ESP port
1128 ...
1129
1130 57 block Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1131 0 = /dev/hdk Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1132 64 = /dev/hdl Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1133
1134 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1135 interface (see major number 3).
1136
1137 58 char Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
1138 0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device for ttyP0
1139 1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device for ttyP1
1140 ...
30aaa5c6 1141
1da177e4
LT		 1142 58 block Reserved for logical volume manager
1143
1144 59 char sf firewall package
1145 0 = /dev/firewall Communication with sf kernel module
1146
1147 59 block Generic PDA filesystem device
1148 0 = /dev/pda0 First PDA device
1149 1 = /dev/pda1 Second PDA device
1150 ...
1151
1152 The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
1153 remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
1154 proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
1155 running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
1156 IRDA / parallel links.
1157
1158 NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
1159
1160 60-63 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 1161
1da177e4
LT		 1162 60-63 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1163 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
1164 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
1165 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
1166
1167 64 char ENskip kernel encryption package
1168 0 = /dev/enskip Communication with ENskip kernel module
1169
1170 64 block Scramdisk/DriveCrypt encrypted devices
1171 0 = /dev/scramdisk/master Master node for ioctls
1172 1 = /dev/scramdisk/1 First encrypted device
1173 2 = /dev/scramdisk/2 Second encrypted device
1174 ...
1175 255 = /dev/scramdisk/255 255th encrypted device
1176
1177 The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
1178 are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
1179 node which then activates them via one of the
11420211 1180 /dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loop mounting (all handled
1da177e4
LT		 1181 through the sdmount tool).
1182
1183 Requested by: andy@scramdisklinux.org
1184
1185 65 char Sundance "plink" Transputer boards (obsolete, unused)
1186 0 = /dev/plink0 First plink device
1187 1 = /dev/plink1 Second plink device
1188 2 = /dev/plink2 Third plink device
1189 3 = /dev/plink3 Fourth plink device
1190 64 = /dev/rplink0 First plink device, raw
1191 65 = /dev/rplink1 Second plink device, raw
1192 66 = /dev/rplink2 Third plink device, raw
1193 67 = /dev/rplink3 Fourth plink device, raw
1194 128 = /dev/plink0d First plink device, debug
1195 129 = /dev/plink1d Second plink device, debug
1196 130 = /dev/plink2d Third plink device, debug
1197 131 = /dev/plink3d Fourth plink device, debug
1198 192 = /dev/rplink0d First plink device, raw, debug
1199 193 = /dev/rplink1d Second plink device, raw, debug
1200 194 = /dev/rplink2d Third plink device, raw, debug
1201 195 = /dev/rplink3d Fourth plink device, raw, debug
1202
1203 This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
1204 <jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information.
1205
1206 65 block SCSI disk devices (16-31)
1207 0 = /dev/sdq 17th SCSI disk whole disk
1208 16 = /dev/sdr 18th SCSI disk whole disk
1209 32 = /dev/sds 19th SCSI disk whole disk
1210 ...
1211 240 = /dev/sdaf 32nd SCSI disk whole disk
1212
1213 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1214 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1215 partitions is 15.
1216
1217 66 char YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
1218 0 = /dev/yppcpci0 First YARC card
1219 1 = /dev/yppcpci1 Second YARC card
1220 ...
1221
1222 66 block SCSI disk devices (32-47)
1223 0 = /dev/sdag 33th SCSI disk whole disk
1224 16 = /dev/sdah 34th SCSI disk whole disk
1225 32 = /dev/sdai 35th SCSI disk whole disk
1226 ...
1227 240 = /dev/sdav 48nd SCSI disk whole disk
1228
1229 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1230 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1231 partitions is 15.
1232
1233 67 char Coda network file system
1234 0 = /dev/cfs0 Coda cache manager
1235
1236 See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
1237
1238 67 block SCSI disk devices (48-63)
1239 0 = /dev/sdaw 49th SCSI disk whole disk
1240 16 = /dev/sdax 50th SCSI disk whole disk
1241 32 = /dev/sday 51st SCSI disk whole disk
1242 ...
1243 240 = /dev/sdbl 64th SCSI disk whole disk
1244
1245 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1246 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1247 partitions is 15.
1248
1249 68 char CAPI 2.0 interface
1250 0 = /dev/capi20 Control device
1251 1 = /dev/capi20.00 First CAPI 2.0 application
1252 2 = /dev/capi20.01 Second CAPI 2.0 application
1253 ...
1254 20 = /dev/capi20.19 19th CAPI 2.0 application
1255
1256 ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
1257 applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
1258
1259 68 block SCSI disk devices (64-79)
1260 0 = /dev/sdbm 65th SCSI disk whole disk
1261 16 = /dev/sdbn 66th SCSI disk whole disk
1262 32 = /dev/sdbo 67th SCSI disk whole disk
1263 ...
1264 240 = /dev/sdcb 80th SCSI disk whole disk
1265
1266 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1267 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1268 partitions is 15.
1269
1270 69 char MA16 numeric accelerator card
1271 0 = /dev/ma16 Board memory access
1272
1273 69 block SCSI disk devices (80-95)
1274 0 = /dev/sdcc 81st SCSI disk whole disk
1275 16 = /dev/sdcd 82nd SCSI disk whole disk
1276 32 = /dev/sdce 83th SCSI disk whole disk
1277 ...
1278 240 = /dev/sdcr 96th SCSI disk whole disk
1279
1280 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1281 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1282 partitions is 15.
1283
1284 70 char SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
1285 0 = /dev/apscfg Configuration interface
1286 1 = /dev/apsauth Authentication interface
1287 2 = /dev/apslog Logging interface
1288 3 = /dev/apsdbg Debugging interface
1289 64 = /dev/apsisdn ISDN command interface
1290 65 = /dev/apsasync Async command interface
1291 128 = /dev/apsmon Monitor interface
1292
1293 70 block SCSI disk devices (96-111)
1294 0 = /dev/sdcs 97th SCSI disk whole disk
1295 16 = /dev/sdct 98th SCSI disk whole disk
1296 32 = /dev/sdcu 99th SCSI disk whole disk
1297 ...
1298 240 = /dev/sddh 112nd SCSI disk whole disk
1299
1300 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1301 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1302 partitions is 15.
1303
1304 71 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card
1305 0 = /dev/ttyF0 IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
1306 1 = /dev/ttyF1 IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
1307 ...
1308 63 = /dev/ttyF63 IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
1309 64 = /dev/ttyF64 IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
1310 65 = /dev/ttyF65 IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
1311 ...
1312 127 = /dev/ttyF127 IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
1313 128 = /dev/ttyF128 IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
1314 129 = /dev/ttyF129 IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
1315 ...
1316 191 = /dev/ttyF191 IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
1317 192 = /dev/ttyF192 IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
1318 193 = /dev/ttyF193 IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
1319 ...
1320 255 = /dev/ttyF255 IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
1321
1322 71 block SCSI disk devices (112-127)
1323 0 = /dev/sddi 113th SCSI disk whole disk
1324 16 = /dev/sddj 114th SCSI disk whole disk
1325 32 = /dev/sddk 115th SCSI disk whole disk
1326 ...
1327 240 = /dev/sddx 128th SCSI disk whole disk
1328
1329 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1330 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1331 partitions is 15.
1332
1333 72 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
1334 0 = /dev/cuf0 Callout device for ttyF0
1335 1 = /dev/cuf1 Callout device for ttyF1
1336 ...
1337 63 = /dev/cuf63 Callout device for ttyF63
1338 64 = /dev/cuf64 Callout device for ttyF64
1339 65 = /dev/cuf65 Callout device for ttyF65
1340 ...
1341 127 = /dev/cuf127 Callout device for ttyF127
1342 128 = /dev/cuf128 Callout device for ttyF128
1343 129 = /dev/cuf129 Callout device for ttyF129
1344 ...
1345 191 = /dev/cuf191 Callout device for ttyF191
1346 192 = /dev/cuf192 Callout device for ttyF192
1347 193 = /dev/cuf193 Callout device for ttyF193
1348 ...
1349 255 = /dev/cuf255 Callout device for ttyF255
1350
1351 72 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
1352 0 = /dev/ida/c0d0 First logical drive whole disk
1353 16 = /dev/ida/c0d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1354 ...
1355 240 = /dev/ida/c0d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1356
1357 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1358 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1359 partitions is 15.
1360
1361 73 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
1362 0 = /dev/ip2ipl0 Loadware device for board 0
1363 1 = /dev/ip2stat0 Status device for board 0
1364 4 = /dev/ip2ipl1 Loadware device for board 1
1365 5 = /dev/ip2stat1 Status device for board 1
1366 8 = /dev/ip2ipl2 Loadware device for board 2
1367 9 = /dev/ip2stat2 Status device for board 2
1368 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3 Loadware device for board 3
1369 13 = /dev/ip2stat3 Status device for board 3
1370
1371 73 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
1372 0 = /dev/ida/c1d0 First logical drive whole disk
1373 16 = /dev/ida/c1d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1374 ...
1375 240 = /dev/ida/c1d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1376
1377 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1378 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1379 partitions is 15.
1380
1381 74 char SCI bridge
1382 0 = /dev/SCI/0 SCI device 0
1383 1 = /dev/SCI/1 SCI device 1
1384 ...
1385
1386 Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
1387 bridge.
1388
1389 74 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
1390 0 = /dev/ida/c2d0 First logical drive whole disk
1391 16 = /dev/ida/c2d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1392 ...
1393 240 = /dev/ida/c2d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1394
1395 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1396 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1397 partitions is 15.
1398
1399 75 char Specialix IO8+ serial card
1400 0 = /dev/ttyW0 First IO8+ port, first card
1401 1 = /dev/ttyW1 Second IO8+ port, first card
1402 ...
1403 8 = /dev/ttyW8 First IO8+ port, second card
1404 ...
1405
1406 75 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
1407 0 = /dev/ida/c3d0 First logical drive whole disk
1408 16 = /dev/ida/c3d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1409 ...
1410 240 = /dev/ida/c3d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1411
1412 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1413 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1414 partitions is 15.
1415
1416 76 char Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
1417 0 = /dev/cuw0 Callout device for ttyW0
1418 1 = /dev/cuw1 Callout device for ttyW1
1419 ...
1420 8 = /dev/cuw8 Callout device for ttyW8
1421 ...
1422
1423 76 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
1424 0 = /dev/ida/c4d0 First logical drive whole disk
1425 16 = /dev/ida/c4d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1426 ...
1427 240 = /dev/ida/c4d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1428
1429 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1430 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1431 partitions is 15.
1432
1433
1434 77 char ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1435 0 = /dev/qng ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1436
1437 77 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
1438 0 = /dev/ida/c5d0 First logical drive whole disk
1439 16 = /dev/ida/c5d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1440 ...
1441 240 = /dev/ida/c5d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1442
1443 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1444 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1445 partitions is 15.
1446
1da177e4
LT		 1447 78 char PAM Software's multimodem boards
1448 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First PAM modem
1449 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second PAM modem
1450 ...
1451
1452 78 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
1453 0 = /dev/ida/c6d0 First logical drive whole disk
1454 16 = /dev/ida/c6d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1455 ...
1456 240 = /dev/ida/c6d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1457
1458 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1459 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1460 partitions is 15.
1461
1da177e4
LT		 1462 79 char PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
1463 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1464 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1465 ...
1466
5d3f083d 1467 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1468 0 = /dev/ida/c7d0 First logical drive whole disk
1469 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1470 ...
1471 240 = /dev/ida/c715 16th logical drive whole disk
1472
1473 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1474 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1475 partitions is 15.
1476
1da177e4
LT		 1477 80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1478 0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1479
1480 80 block I2O hard disk
1481 0 = /dev/i2o/hda First I2O hard disk, whole disk
1482 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
1483 ...
1484 240 = /dev/i2o/hdp 16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1485
1486 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1487 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1488 partitions is 15.
1489
1490 81 char video4linux
1491 0 = /dev/video0 Video capture/overlay device
1492 ...
1493 63 = /dev/video63 Video capture/overlay device
1494 64 = /dev/radio0 Radio device
1495 ...
1496 127 = /dev/radio63 Radio device
1497 192 = /dev/vtx0 Teletext device
1498 ...
1499 223 = /dev/vtx31 Teletext device
1500 224 = /dev/vbi0 Vertical blank interrupt
1501 ...
1502 255 = /dev/vbi31 Vertical blank interrupt
1503
1504 81 block I2O hard disk
1505 0 = /dev/i2o/hdq 17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1506 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr 18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1507 ...
1508 240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf 32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1509
1510 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1511 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1512 partitions is 15.
1513
1514 82 char WiNRADiO communications receiver card
1515 0 = /dev/winradio0 First WiNRADiO card
1516 1 = /dev/winradio1 Second WiNRADiO card
1517 ...
1518
1519 The driver and documentation may be obtained from
0ea6e611 1520 http://www.winradio.com/
1da177e4
LT		 1521
1522 82 block I2O hard disk
1523 0 = /dev/i2o/hdag 33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1524 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah 34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1525 ...
1526 240 = /dev/i2o/hdav 48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1527
1528 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1529 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1530 partitions is 15.
1531
1532 83 char Matrox mga_vid video driver
1533 0 = /dev/mga_vid0 1st video card
1534 1 = /dev/mga_vid1 2nd video card
1535 2 = /dev/mga_vid2 3rd video card
1536 ...
1537 15 = /dev/mga_vid15 16th video card
1538
1539 83 block I2O hard disk
1540 0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw 49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1541 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax 50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1542 ...
1543 240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl 64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1544
1545 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1546 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1547 partitions is 15.
1548
1549 84 char Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
1550 0 = /dev/ihcp0 First Greensheet port
1551 1 = /dev/ihcp1 Second Greensheet port
1552
1553 84 block I2O hard disk
1554 0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm 65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1555 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn 66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1556 ...
1557 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb 80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1558
1559 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1560 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1561 partitions is 15.
1562
1563 85 char Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
1564 0 = /dev/shmiq Master shared input queue
1565 1 = /dev/qcntl0 First device pushed
1566 2 = /dev/qcntl1 Second device pushed
1567 ...
1568
1569 85 block I2O hard disk
1570 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc 81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
1571 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd 82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1572 ...
1573 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr 96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1574
1575 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1576 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1577 partitions is 15.
1578
1579 86 char SCSI media changer
1580 0 = /dev/sch0 First SCSI media changer
1581 1 = /dev/sch1 Second SCSI media changer
1582 ...
1583
1584 86 block I2O hard disk
1585 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs 97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1586 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct 98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1587 ...
1588 240 = /dev/i2o/hddh 112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1589
1590 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1591 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1592 partitions is 15.
1593
1594 87 char Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
1595 0 = /dev/controla0 First device on chain
1596 1 = /dev/controla1 Second device on chain
1597 ...
1598
1599 87 block I2O hard disk
1600 0 = /dev/i2o/hddi 113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1601 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj 114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1602 ...
1603 240 = /dev/i2o/hddx 128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1604
1605 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1606 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1607 partitions is 15.
1608
1609 88 char COMX synchronous serial card
1610 0 = /dev/comx0 COMX channel 0
1611 1 = /dev/comx1 COMX channel 1
1612 ...
1613
1614 88 block Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1615 0 = /dev/hdm Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1616 64 = /dev/hdn Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1617
1618 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1619 interface (see major number 3).
1620
1621 89 char I2C bus interface
1622 0 = /dev/i2c-0 First I2C adapter
1623 1 = /dev/i2c-1 Second I2C adapter
1624 ...
1625
1626 89 block Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1627 0 = /dev/hdo Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1628 64 = /dev/hdp Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1629
1630 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1631 interface (see major number 3).
1632
1633 90 char Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
1634 0 = /dev/mtd0 First MTD (rw)
1635 1 = /dev/mtdr0 First MTD (ro)
1636 ...
1637 30 = /dev/mtd15 16th MTD (rw)
1638 31 = /dev/mtdr15 16th MTD (ro)
1639
1640 90 block Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1641 0 = /dev/hdq Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1642 64 = /dev/hdr Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1643
1644 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1645 interface (see major number 3).
1646
1647 91 char CAN-Bus devices
1648 0 = /dev/can0 First CAN-Bus controller
1649 1 = /dev/can1 Second CAN-Bus controller
1650 ...
1651
1652 91 block Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1653 0 = /dev/hds Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1654 64 = /dev/hdt Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1655
1656 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1657 interface (see major number 3).
1658
1659 92 char Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
1660
1661 92 block PPDD encrypted disk driver
1662 0 = /dev/ppdd0 First encrypted disk
1663 1 = /dev/ppdd1 Second encrypted disk
1664 ...
1665
1666 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1667 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1668 partitions is 15.
1669
04c860c1 1670 93 char
1da177e4
LT		 1671
1672 93 block NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
1673 0 = /dev/nftla First NFTL layer
1674 16 = /dev/nftlb Second NFTL layer
1675 ...
1676 240 = /dev/nftlp 16th NTFL layer
1677
04c860c1 1678 94 char
1da177e4 1679
30aaa5c6 1680 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage
1da177e4
LT		 1681 0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
1682 1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
1683 2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
1684 3 = /dev/dasda3 First DASD device, block 3
1685 4 = /dev/dasdb Second DASD device, major
1686 5 = /dev/dasdb1 Second DASD device, block 1
1687 6 = /dev/dasdb2 Second DASD device, block 2
1688 7 = /dev/dasdb3 Second DASD device, block 3
1689 ...
1690
1691 95 char IP filter
1692 0 = /dev/ipl Filter control device/log file
1693 1 = /dev/ipnat NAT control device/log file
1694 2 = /dev/ipstate State information log file
1695 3 = /dev/ipauth Authentication control device/log file
30aaa5c6 1696 ...
1da177e4
LT		 1697
1698 96 char Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
1699 0 = /dev/pt0 First parallel port ATAPI tape
1700 1 = /dev/pt1 Second parallel port ATAPI tape
1701 ...
1702 128 = /dev/npt0 First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1703 129 = /dev/npt1 Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1704 ...
1705
30aaa5c6 1706 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
1da177e4
LT		 1707 0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
1708 16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
1709 ...
1710 240 = /dev/inftlp 16th INTFL layer
1711
1712 97 char Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
1713 0 = /dev/pg0 First parallel port ATAPI device
1714 1 = /dev/pg1 Second parallel port ATAPI device
1715 2 = /dev/pg2 Third parallel port ATAPI device
1716 3 = /dev/pg3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
1717
1718 These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
1719 devices.
1720
1da177e4
LT		 1721 98 char Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
1722 0 = /dev/comedi0 First comedi device
1723 1 = /dev/comedi1 Second comedi device
1724 ...
1725
0ea6e611 1726 See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi.
1da177e4
LT		 1727
1728 98 block User-mode virtual block device
1729 0 = /dev/ubda First user-mode block device
1730 16 = /dev/udbb Second user-mode block device
1731 ...
1732
1733 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1734 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1735 partitions is 15.
1736
1737 This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
1738
1739 99 char Raw parallel ports
1740 0 = /dev/parport0 First parallel port
1741 1 = /dev/parport1 Second parallel port
1742 ...
1743
1744 99 block JavaStation flash disk
1745 0 = /dev/jsfd JavaStation flash disk
1746
1747100 char Telephony for Linux
1748 0 = /dev/phone0 First telephony device
1749 1 = /dev/phone1 Second telephony device
1750 ...
1751
1752101 char Motorola DSP 56xxx board
1753 0 = /dev/mdspstat Status information
1754 1 = /dev/mdsp1 First DSP board I/O controls
1755 ...
1756 16 = /dev/mdsp16 16th DSP board I/O controls
1757
1758101 block AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
1759 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar0 First array whole disk
1760 16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1 Second array whole disk
1761 ...
1762 240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15 16th array whole disk
1763
1764 For each device, partitions are added as:
1765 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar? Whole disk
1766 1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1 First partition
1767 2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2 Second partition
1768 ...
1769 15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition
1770
04c860c1 1771102 char
1da177e4
LT		 1772
1773102 block Compressed block device
1774 0 = /dev/cbd/a First compressed block device, whole device
1775 16 = /dev/cbd/b Second compressed block device, whole device
1776 ...
1777 240 = /dev/cbd/p 16th compressed block device, whole device
1778
1779 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1780 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1781 partitions is 15.
1782
1783103 char Arla network file system
1784 0 = /dev/nnpfs0 First NNPFS device
1785 1 = /dev/nnpfs1 Second NNPFS device
1786
1787 Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
1788 The NNPFS device gives user mode filesystem
1789 implementations a kernel presence for caching and easy
1790 mounting. For more information about the project,
1791 write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or see
1792 http://www.stacken.kth.se/project/arla/
1793
1794103 block Audit device
1795 0 = /dev/audit Audit device
1796
1797104 char Flash BIOS support
1798
1799104 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
1800 0 = /dev/cciss/c0d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1801 16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1802 ...
1803 240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1804
1805 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1806 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1807 partitions is 15.
1808
1809105 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
1810 0 = /dev/ttyV0 First VS-1000 port
1811 1 = /dev/ttyV1 Second VS-1000 port
1812 ...
1813
1814105 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
1815 0 = /dev/cciss/c1d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1816 16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1817 ...
1818 240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1819
1820 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1821 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1822 partitions is 15.
1823
1824106 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
1825 0 = /dev/cuv0 First VS-1000 port
1826 1 = /dev/cuv1 Second VS-1000 port
1827 ...
1828
1829106 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
1830 0 = /dev/cciss/c2d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1831 16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1832 ...
1833 240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1834
1835 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1836 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1837 partitions is 15.
1838
1839107 char 3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
1840 0 = /dev/3dfx Primary 3Dfx graphics device
1841
1842107 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
1843 0 = /dev/cciss/c3d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1844 16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1845 ...
1846 240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1847
1848 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1849 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1850 partitions is 15.
1851
1852108 char Device independent PPP interface
1853 0 = /dev/ppp Device independent PPP interface
1854
1855108 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
1856 0 = /dev/cciss/c4d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1857 16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1858 ...
1859 240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1860
1861 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1862 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1863 partitions is 15.
1864
1865109 char Reserved for logical volume manager
1866
1867109 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
1868 0 = /dev/cciss/c5d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1869 16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1870 ...
1871 240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1872
1873 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1874 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1875 partitions is 15.
1876
1877110 char miroMEDIA Surround board
1878 0 = /dev/srnd0 First miroMEDIA Surround board
1879 1 = /dev/srnd1 Second miroMEDIA Surround board
1880 ...
1881
1882110 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
1883 0 = /dev/cciss/c6d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1884 16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1885 ...
1886 240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1887
1888 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1889 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1890 partitions is 15.
1891
04c860c1 1892111 char
1da177e4 1893
5d3f083d 1894111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1895 0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1896 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1897 ...
1898 240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1899
1900 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1901 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1902 partitions is 15.
1903
1904112 char ISI serial card
1905 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First ISI port
1906 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second ISI port
1907 ...
1908
1909 There is currently a device-naming conflict between
1910 these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
1911
1912112 block IBM iSeries virtual disk
1913 0 = /dev/iseries/vda First virtual disk, whole disk
1914 8 = /dev/iseries/vdb Second virtual disk, whole disk
1915 ...
1916 200 = /dev/iseries/vdz 26th virtual disk, whole disk
1917 208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa 27th virtual disk, whole disk
1918 ...
1919 248 = /dev/iseries/vdaf 32nd virtual disk, whole disk
1920
1921 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1922 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1923 partitions is 7.
1924
1925113 char ISI serial card - alternate devices
1926 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1927 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1928 ...
1929
1930113 block IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
1da177e4
LT		 1931 0 = /dev/iseries/vcda First virtual CD-ROM
1932 1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM
1933 ...
1934
1935114 char Picture Elements ISE board
1936 0 = /dev/ise0 First ISE board
1937 1 = /dev/ise1 Second ISE board
1938 ...
1939 128 = /dev/isex0 Control node for first ISE board
1940 129 = /dev/isex1 Control node for second ISE board
1941 ...
1942
1943 The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
1944 image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
1945 I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
1946 nodes used to control the board.
1947
1948114 block IDE BIOS powered software RAID interfaces such as the
1949 Promise Fastrak
1950
1951 0 = /dev/ataraid/d0
1952 1 = /dev/ataraid/d0p1
1953 2 = /dev/ataraid/d0p2
1954 ...
1955 16 = /dev/ataraid/d1
1956 17 = /dev/ataraid/d1p1
1957 18 = /dev/ataraid/d1p2
1958 ...
1959 255 = /dev/ataraid/d15p15
1960
1961 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1962 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1963 partitions is 15.
1964
1965115 char TI link cable devices (115 was formerly the console driver speaker)
1966 0 = /dev/tipar0 Parallel cable on first parallel port
1967 ...
1968 7 = /dev/tipar7 Parallel cable on seventh parallel port
1969
1970 8 = /dev/tiser0 Serial cable on first serial port
1971 ...
1972 15 = /dev/tiser7 Serial cable on seventh serial port
1973
1974 16 = /dev/tiusb0 First USB cable
1975 ...
1976 47 = /dev/tiusb31 32nd USB cable
1977
1978115 block NetWare (NWFS) Devices (0-255)
1979
1980 The NWFS (NetWare) devices are used to present a
1981 collection of NetWare Mirror Groups or NetWare
1982 Partitions as a logical storage segment for
1983 use in mounting NetWare volumes. A maximum of
1984 256 NetWare volumes can be supported in a single
1985 machine.
1986
0ea6e611 1987 http://cgfa.telepac.pt/ftp2/kernel.org/linux/kernel/people/jmerkey/nwfs/
1da177e4
LT		 1988
1989 0 = /dev/nwfs/v0 First NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1990 1 = /dev/nwfs/v1 Second NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1991 2 = /dev/nwfs/v2 Third NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1992 ...
1993 255 = /dev/nwfs/v255 Last NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1994
1995116 char Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
1996
1997116 block MicroMemory battery backed RAM adapter (NVRAM)
992caacf 1998 Supports 16 boards, 15 partitions each.
1da177e4
LT		 1999 Requested by neilb at cse.unsw.edu.au.
2000
2001 0 = /dev/umem/d0 Whole of first board
2002 1 = /dev/umem/d0p1 First partition of first board
2003 2 = /dev/umem/d0p2 Second partition of first board
2004 15 = /dev/umem/d0p15 15th partition of first board
2005
2006 16 = /dev/umem/d1 Whole of second board
2007 17 = /dev/umem/d1p1 First partition of second board
2008 ...
2009 255= /dev/umem/d15p15 15th partition of 16th board.
2010
2011117 char COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
2012 0 = /dev/cosa0c0 1st board, 1st channel
2013 1 = /dev/cosa0c1 1st board, 2nd channel
2014 ...
2015 16 = /dev/cosa1c0 2nd board, 1st channel
2016 17 = /dev/cosa1c1 2nd board, 2nd channel
2017 ...
2018
2019117 block Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS)
2020
2021 The EVMS driver uses a layered, plug-in model to provide
2022 unparalleled flexibility and extensibility in managing
2023 storage. This allows for easy expansion or customization
2024 of various levels of volume management. Requested by
2025 Mark Peloquin (peloquin at us.ibm.com).
2026
2027 Note: EVMS populates and manages all the devnodes in
2028 /dev/evms.
2029
2030 http://sf.net/projects/evms
2031
2032 0 = /dev/evms/block_device EVMS block device
2033 1 = /dev/evms/legacyname1 First EVMS legacy device
2034 2 = /dev/evms/legacyname2 Second EVMS legacy device
2035 ...
2036 Both ranges can grow (down or up) until they meet.
2037 ...
2038 254 = /dev/evms/EVMSname2 Second EVMS native device
2039 255 = /dev/evms/EVMSname1 First EVMS native device
2040
2041 Note: legacyname(s) are derived from the normal legacy
2042 device names. For example, /dev/hda5 would become
2043 /dev/evms/hda5.
2044
2045118 char IBM Cryptographic Accelerator
2046 0 = /dev/ica Virtual interface to all IBM Crypto Accelerators
2047 1 = /dev/ica0 IBMCA Device 0
2048 2 = /dev/ica1 IBMCA Device 1
2049 ...
2050
2051119 char VMware virtual network control
04c860c1
AC		 2052 0 = /dev/vnet0 1st virtual network
2053 1 = /dev/vnet1 2nd virtual network
1da177e4
LT		 2054 ...
2055
2056120-127 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 2057
1da177e4
LT		 2058120-127 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
2059 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
2060 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
2061 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
2062
2063128-135 char Unix98 PTY masters
2064
2065 These devices should not have corresponding device
2066 nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
2067 /dev/ptmx cloning interface.
2068
1da177e4
LT		 2069128 block SCSI disk devices (128-143)
2070 0 = /dev/sddy 129th SCSI disk whole disk
2071 16 = /dev/sddz 130th SCSI disk whole disk
2072 32 = /dev/sdea 131th SCSI disk whole disk
2073 ...
2074 240 = /dev/sden 144th SCSI disk whole disk
2075
2076 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2077 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2078 partitions is 15.
2079
1da177e4
LT		 2080129 block SCSI disk devices (144-159)
2081 0 = /dev/sdeo 145th SCSI disk whole disk
2082 16 = /dev/sdep 146th SCSI disk whole disk
2083 32 = /dev/sdeq 147th SCSI disk whole disk
2084 ...
2085 240 = /dev/sdfd 160th SCSI disk whole disk
2086
2087 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2088 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2089 partitions is 15.
2090
2091130 char (Misc devices)
2092
2093130 block SCSI disk devices (160-175)
2094 0 = /dev/sdfe 161st SCSI disk whole disk
2095 16 = /dev/sdff 162nd SCSI disk whole disk
2096 32 = /dev/sdfg 163rd SCSI disk whole disk
2097 ...
2098 240 = /dev/sdft 176th SCSI disk whole disk
2099
2100 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2101 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2102 partitions is 15.
2103
2104131 block SCSI disk devices (176-191)
2105 0 = /dev/sdfu 177th SCSI disk whole disk
2106 16 = /dev/sdfv 178th SCSI disk whole disk
2107 32 = /dev/sdfw 179th SCSI disk whole disk
2108 ...
2109 240 = /dev/sdgj 192nd SCSI disk whole disk
2110
2111 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2112 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2113 partitions is 15.
2114
1da177e4
LT		 2115132 block SCSI disk devices (192-207)
2116 0 = /dev/sdgk 193rd SCSI disk whole disk
2117 16 = /dev/sdgl 194th SCSI disk whole disk
2118 32 = /dev/sdgm 195th SCSI disk whole disk
2119 ...
2120 240 = /dev/sdgz 208th SCSI disk whole disk
2121
2122 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2123 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2124 partitions is 15.
2125
1da177e4
LT		 2126133 block SCSI disk devices (208-223)
2127 0 = /dev/sdha 209th SCSI disk whole disk
2128 16 = /dev/sdhb 210th SCSI disk whole disk
2129 32 = /dev/sdhc 211th SCSI disk whole disk
2130 ...
2131 240 = /dev/sdhp 224th SCSI disk whole disk
2132
2133 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2134 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2135 partitions is 15.
2136
1da177e4
LT		 2137134 block SCSI disk devices (224-239)
2138 0 = /dev/sdhq 225th SCSI disk whole disk
2139 16 = /dev/sdhr 226th SCSI disk whole disk
2140 32 = /dev/sdhs 227th SCSI disk whole disk
2141 ...
2142 240 = /dev/sdif 240th SCSI disk whole disk
2143
2144 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2145 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2146 partitions is 15.
2147
1da177e4
LT		 2148135 block SCSI disk devices (240-255)
2149 0 = /dev/sdig 241st SCSI disk whole disk
2150 16 = /dev/sdih 242nd SCSI disk whole disk
2151 32 = /dev/sdih 243rd SCSI disk whole disk
2152 ...
2153 240 = /dev/sdiv 256th SCSI disk whole disk
2154
2155 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2156 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2157 partitions is 15.
2158
1da177e4
LT		 2159136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves
2160 0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
01dd2fbf 2161 1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pseudo-TTY
1da177e4
LT		 2162 ...
2163
2164 These device nodes are automatically generated with
2165 the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
2166 devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
2167 mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
2168 *most* distributions the appropriate options are
2169 "mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)
2170
2171136 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; ninth controller
2172 0 = /dev/rd/c8d0 First disk, whole disk
2173 8 = /dev/rd/c8d1 Second disk, whole disk
2174 ...
2175 248 = /dev/rd/c8d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2176
2177 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2178
2179137 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; tenth controller
2180 0 = /dev/rd/c9d0 First disk, whole disk
2181 8 = /dev/rd/c9d1 Second disk, whole disk
2182 ...
2183 248 = /dev/rd/c9d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2184
2185 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2186
2187138 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eleventh controller
2188 0 = /dev/rd/c10d0 First disk, whole disk
2189 8 = /dev/rd/c10d1 Second disk, whole disk
2190 ...
2191 248 = /dev/rd/c10d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2192
2193 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2194
2195139 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; twelfth controller
2196 0 = /dev/rd/c11d0 First disk, whole disk
2197 8 = /dev/rd/c11d1 Second disk, whole disk
2198 ...
2199 248 = /dev/rd/c11d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2200
2201 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2202
2203140 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; thirteenth controller
2204 0 = /dev/rd/c12d0 First disk, whole disk
2205 8 = /dev/rd/c12d1 Second disk, whole disk
2206 ...
2207 248 = /dev/rd/c12d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2208
2209 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2210
2211141 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourteenth controller
2212 0 = /dev/rd/c13d0 First disk, whole disk
2213 8 = /dev/rd/c13d1 Second disk, whole disk
2214 ...
2215 248 = /dev/rd/c13d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2216
2217 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2218
2219142 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifteenth controller
2220 0 = /dev/rd/c14d0 First disk, whole disk
2221 8 = /dev/rd/c14d1 Second disk, whole disk
2222 ...
2223 248 = /dev/rd/c14d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2224
2225 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2226
2227143 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixteenth controller
2228 0 = /dev/rd/c15d0 First disk, whole disk
2229 8 = /dev/rd/c15d1 Second disk, whole disk
2230 ...
2231 248 = /dev/rd/c15d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2232
2233 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2234
2235144 char Encapsulated PPP
2236 0 = /dev/pppox0 First PPP over Ethernet
2237 ...
2238 63 = /dev/pppox63 64th PPP over Ethernet
2239
2240 This is primarily used for ADSL.
2241
2242 The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
2243 relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
2244
2245144 block Expansion Area #1 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2246 0 = mounted device 256
2247 255 = mounted device 511
2248
2249145 char SAM9407-based soundcard
2250 0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
2251 1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
2252 2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
2253 3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
2254 4 = /dev/sam0_audio
2255 6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
2256 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
2257 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
2258 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
2259 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
2260 ...
2261 128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
2262 ...
2263 192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
2264 ...
2265
2266 Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
2267 addons, which are sam9407 specific. OSS can be
2268 operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
2269
2270145 block Expansion Area #2 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2271 0 = mounted device 512
2272 255 = mounted device 767
2273
2274146 char SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
2275 0 = /dev/scramnet0 First SCRAMNet device
2276 1 = /dev/scramnet1 Second SCRAMNet device
2277 ...
2278
2279146 block Expansion Area #3 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2280 0 = mounted device 768
2281 255 = mounted device 1023
2282
2283147 char Aureal Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
2284 0 = /dev/aureal0 First Aureal Vortex
2285 1 = /dev/aureal1 Second Aureal Vortex
2286 ...
2287
2288147 block Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
2289 0 = /dev/drbd0 First DRBD device
2290 1 = /dev/drbd1 Second DRBD device
2291 ...
2292
2293148 char Technology Concepts serial card
2294 0 = /dev/ttyT0 First TCL port
2295 1 = /dev/ttyT1 Second TCL port
2296 ...
2297
2298149 char Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
2299 0 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT0
2300 1 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT1
2301 ...
2302
2303150 char Real-Time Linux FIFOs
2304 0 = /dev/rtf0 First RTLinux FIFO
2305 1 = /dev/rtf1 Second RTLinux FIFO
2306 ...
2307
2308151 char DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
2309 0 = /dev/dpti0 First DPT I2O adapter
2310 1 = /dev/dpti1 Second DPT I2O adapter
2311 ...
2312
2313152 char EtherDrive Control Device
2314 0 = /dev/etherd/ctl Connect/Disconnect an EtherDrive
2315 1 = /dev/etherd/err Monitor errors
2316 2 = /dev/etherd/raw Raw AoE packet monitor
2317
2318152 block EtherDrive Block Devices
2319 0 = /dev/etherd/0 EtherDrive 0
2320 ...
2321 255 = /dev/etherd/255 EtherDrive 255
2322
2323153 char SPI Bus Interface (sometimes referred to as MicroWire)
2324 0 = /dev/spi0 First SPI device on the bus
2325 1 = /dev/spi1 Second SPI device on the bus
2326 ...
2327 15 = /dev/spi15 Sixteenth SPI device on the bus
2328
2329153 block Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) storage units
2330 0 = /dev/emd/0 First unit
2331 1 = /dev/emd/0p1 Partition 1 on First unit
2332 2 = /dev/emd/0p2 Partition 2 on First unit
2333 ...
2334 15 = /dev/emd/0p15 Partition 15 on First unit
2335
2336 16 = /dev/emd/1 Second unit
2337 32 = /dev/emd/2 Third unit
2338 ...
2339 240 = /dev/emd/15 Sixteenth unit
2340
2341 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2342 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2343 partitions is 15.
2344
2345154 char Specialix RIO serial card
2346 0 = /dev/ttySR0 First RIO port
2347 ...
2348 255 = /dev/ttySR255 256th RIO port
2349
2350155 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2351 0 = /dev/cusr0 Callout device for ttySR0
2352 ...
2353 255 = /dev/cusr255 Callout device for ttySR255
2354
2355156 char Specialix RIO serial card
2356 0 = /dev/ttySR256 257th RIO port
2357 ...
2358 255 = /dev/ttySR511 512th RIO port
2359
2360157 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2361 0 = /dev/cusr256 Callout device for ttySR256
2362 ...
2363 255 = /dev/cusr511 Callout device for ttySR511
2364
2365158 char Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
2366 0 = /dev/gfax0 GammaLink channel 0
2367 1 = /dev/gfax1 GammaLink channel 1
2368 ...
2369
2370159 char RESERVED
30aaa5c6 2371
1da177e4
LT		 2372159 block RESERVED
2373
2374160 char General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
2375 0 = /dev/gpib0 First GPIB bus
2376 1 = /dev/gpib1 Second GPIB bus
2377 ...
2378
2379160 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on First Controller
2380 0 = /dev/carmel/0 SATA disk 0 whole disk
2381 1 = /dev/carmel/0p1 SATA disk 0 partition 1
2382 ...
2383 31 = /dev/carmel/0p31 SATA disk 0 partition 31
2384
2385 32 = /dev/carmel/1 SATA disk 1 whole disk
2386 64 = /dev/carmel/2 SATA disk 2 whole disk
2387 ...
2388 224 = /dev/carmel/7 SATA disk 7 whole disk
2389
2390 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2391 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2392 partitions is 31.
2393
2394161 char IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
2395 0 = /dev/ircomm0 First IrCOMM device
2396 1 = /dev/ircomm1 Second IrCOMM device
2397 ...
2398 16 = /dev/irlpt0 First IrLPT device
2399 17 = /dev/irlpt1 Second IrLPT device
2400 ...
2401
2402161 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on Second Controller
2403 0 = /dev/carmel/8 SATA disk 8 whole disk
2404 1 = /dev/carmel/8p1 SATA disk 8 partition 1
2405 ...
2406 31 = /dev/carmel/8p31 SATA disk 8 partition 31
2407
2408 32 = /dev/carmel/9 SATA disk 9 whole disk
2409 64 = /dev/carmel/10 SATA disk 10 whole disk
2410 ...
2411 224 = /dev/carmel/15 SATA disk 15 whole disk
2412
2413 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2414 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
30aaa5c6 2415 partitions is 31.
1da177e4
LT		 2416
2417162 char Raw block device interface
2418 0 = /dev/rawctl Raw I/O control device
2419 1 = /dev/raw/raw1 First raw I/O device
2420 2 = /dev/raw/raw2 Second raw I/O device
2421 ...
2422
04c860c1 2423163 char
1da177e4
LT		 2424
2425164 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
2426 0 = /dev/ttyCH0 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
2427 ...
2428 15 = /dev/ttyCH15 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
2429 16 = /dev/ttyCH16 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
2430 ...
2431 31 = /dev/ttyCH31 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
2432 32 = /dev/ttyCH32 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
2433 ...
2434 47 = /dev/ttyCH47 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
2435 48 = /dev/ttyCH48 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
2436 ...
2437 63 = /dev/ttyCH63 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
2438
2439165 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
2440 0 = /dev/cuch0 Callout device for ttyCH0
2441 ...
2442 63 = /dev/cuch63 Callout device for ttyCH63
2443
2444166 char ACM USB modems
2445 0 = /dev/ttyACM0 First ACM modem
2446 1 = /dev/ttyACM1 Second ACM modem
2447 ...
2448
2449167 char ACM USB modems - alternate devices
2450 0 = /dev/cuacm0 Callout device for ttyACM0
2451 1 = /dev/cuacm1 Callout device for ttyACM1
2452 ...
2453
2454168 char Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
2455 0 = /dev/ecsa0 First CSA7000
2456 1 = /dev/ecsa1 Second CSA7000
2457 ...
2458
2459169 char Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
2460 0 = /dev/ecsa8-0 First CSA8000
2461 1 = /dev/ecsa8-1 Second CSA8000
2462 ...
2463
2464170 char AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
2465 0 = /dev/megarac0 First MegaRAC card
2466 1 = /dev/megarac1 Second MegaRAC card
2467 ...
2468
2469171 char Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
2470
1da177e4
LT		 2471172 char Moxa Intellio serial card
2472 0 = /dev/ttyMX0 First Moxa port
2473 1 = /dev/ttyMX1 Second Moxa port
2474 ...
2475 127 = /dev/ttyMX127 128th Moxa port
2476 128 = /dev/moxactl Moxa control port
2477
2478173 char Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
2479 0 = /dev/cumx0 Callout device for ttyMX0
2480 1 = /dev/cumx1 Callout device for ttyMX1
2481 ...
2482 127 = /dev/cumx127 Callout device for ttyMX127
2483
2484174 char SmartIO serial card
2485 0 = /dev/ttySI0 First SmartIO port
2486 1 = /dev/ttySI1 Second SmartIO port
2487 ...
2488
2489175 char SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
2490 0 = /dev/cusi0 Callout device for ttySI0
2491 1 = /dev/cusi1 Callout device for ttySI1
2492 ...
2493
2494176 char nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
2495 0 = /dev/nfastpci0 First nFast PCI device
2496 1 = /dev/nfastpci1 First nFast PCI device
2497 ...
2498
2499177 char TI PCILynx memory spaces
2500 0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0 AUX space of first PCILynx card
2501 ...
2502 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
2503 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0 ROM space of first PCILynx card
2504 ...
2505 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
2506 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0 RAM space of first PCILynx card
2507 ...
2508 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
2509
2510178 char Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
2511 0 = /dev/clanvi0 First cLAN adapter
2512 1 = /dev/clanvi1 Second cLAN adapter
2513 ...
2514
04c860c1
AC		 2515179 block MMC block devices
2516 0 = /dev/mmcblk0 First SD/MMC card
2517 1 = /dev/mmcblk0p1 First partition on first MMC card
2518 8 = /dev/mmcblk1 Second SD/MMC card
2519 ...
2520
1da177e4
LT		 2521179 char CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
2522 0 = /dev/dvxirq0 First DVX device
2523 1 = /dev/dvxirq1 Second DVX device
2524 ...
2525
2526180 char USB devices
2527 0 = /dev/usb/lp0 First USB printer
2528 ...
2529 15 = /dev/usb/lp15 16th USB printer
1da177e4
LT		 2530 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
2531 ...
2532 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
2533 64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500
2534 65 = /dev/usb/usblcd USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
2535 66 = /dev/usb/cpad0 Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
11420211
JE		 2536 96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0 1st USB HID device
2537 ...
2538 111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15 16th USB HID device
04c860c1
AC		 2539 112 = /dev/usb/auer0 1st auerswald ISDN device
2540 ...
2541 127 = /dev/usb/auer15 16th auerswald ISDN device
11420211
JE		 2542 128 = /dev/usb/brlvgr0 First Braille Voyager device
2543 ...
2544 131 = /dev/usb/brlvgr3 Fourth Braille Voyager device
2545 132 = /dev/usb/idmouse ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
2546 133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1 First SiSUSB VGA device
2547 ...
30aaa5c6 2548 140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eighth SISUSB VGA device
11420211
JE		 2549 144 = /dev/usb/lcd USB LCD device
2550 160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0 1st USB Legotower device
2551 ...
2552 175 = /dev/usb/legousbtower15 16th USB Legotower device
5b775f67
GKH		 2553 176 = /dev/usb/usbtmc1 First USB TMC device
2554 ...
2555 192 = /dev/usb/usbtmc16 16th USB TMC device
11420211
JE		 2556 240 = /dev/usb/dabusb0 First daubusb device
2557 ...
2558 243 = /dev/usb/dabusb3 Fourth dabusb device
1da177e4
LT		 2559
2560180 block USB block devices
953a7f20
PZ		 2561 0 = /dev/uba First USB block device
2562 8 = /dev/ubb Second USB block device
2563 16 = /dev/ubc Third USB block device
30aaa5c6 2564 ...
1da177e4
LT		 2565
2566181 char Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
2567 0 = /dev/pcfclock0 First Conrad radio clock
2568 1 = /dev/pcfclock1 Second Conrad radio clock
2569 ...
2570
2571182 char Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
2572 0 = /dev/pethr0 First THR2 board
2573 1 = /dev/pethr1 Second THR2 board
2574 ...
2575
2576183 char SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
2577 0 = /dev/ss5136dn0 First DeviceNet interface
2578 1 = /dev/ss5136dn1 Second DeviceNet interface
2579 ...
2580
2581 This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
2582 It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
2583
2584184 char Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
2585 0 = /dev/pevss0 First sender board
2586 1 = /dev/pevss1 Second sender board
2587 ...
2588
2589185 char InterMezzo high availability file system
2590 0 = /dev/intermezzo0 First cache manager
2591 1 = /dev/intermezzo1 Second cache manager
2592 ...
2593
0ea6e611
JM		 2594 See http://web.archive.org/web/20080115195241/
2595 http://inter-mezzo.org/index.html
1da177e4
LT		 2596
2597186 char Object-based storage control device
2598 0 = /dev/obd0 First obd control device
2599 1 = /dev/obd1 Second obd control device
2600 ...
2601
2602 See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
2603
2604187 char DESkey hardware encryption device
2605 0 = /dev/deskey0 First DES key
2606 1 = /dev/deskey1 Second DES key
2607 ...
2608
2609188 char USB serial converters
2610 0 = /dev/ttyUSB0 First USB serial converter
2611 1 = /dev/ttyUSB1 Second USB serial converter
2612 ...
2613
2614189 char USB serial converters - alternate devices
2615 0 = /dev/cuusb0 Callout device for ttyUSB0
2616 1 = /dev/cuusb1 Callout device for ttyUSB1
2617 ...
2618
2619190 char Kansas City tracker/tuner card
2620 0 = /dev/kctt0 First KCT/T card
2621 1 = /dev/kctt1 Second KCT/T card
2622 ...
2623
2624191 char Reserved for PCMCIA
2625
2626192 char Kernel profiling interface
2627 0 = /dev/profile Profiling control device
2628 1 = /dev/profile0 Profiling device for CPU 0
2629 2 = /dev/profile1 Profiling device for CPU 1
2630 ...
2631
2632193 char Kernel event-tracing interface
2633 0 = /dev/trace Tracing control device
2634 1 = /dev/trace0 Tracing device for CPU 0
2635 2 = /dev/trace1 Tracing device for CPU 1
2636 ...
2637
2638194 char linVideoStreams (LINVS)
2639 0 = /dev/mvideo/status0 Video compression status
2640 1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0 Video stream
2641 2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0 Single compressed frame
2642 3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0 Raw uncompressed frame
2643 4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0 Direct codec access
2644 5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0 Video4Linux compatibility
2645
2646 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1 Second device
2647 ...
2648 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2 Third device
2649 ...
2650 ...
30aaa5c6 2651 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device
1da177e4
LT		 2652 ...
2653
2654195 char Nvidia graphics devices
2655 0 = /dev/nvidia0 First Nvidia card
2656 1 = /dev/nvidia1 Second Nvidia card
2657 ...
2658 255 = /dev/nvidiactl Nvidia card control device
2659
2660196 char Tormenta T1 card
2661 0 = /dev/tor/0 Master control channel for all cards
2662 1 = /dev/tor/1 First DS0
2663 2 = /dev/tor/2 Second DS0
2664 ...
2665 48 = /dev/tor/48 48th DS0
2666 49 = /dev/tor/49 First pseudo-channel
2667 50 = /dev/tor/50 Second pseudo-channel
2668 ...
2669
2670197 char OpenTNF tracing facility
2671 0 = /dev/tnf/t0 Trace 0 data extraction
2672 1 = /dev/tnf/t1 Trace 1 data extraction
2673 ...
2674 128 = /dev/tnf/status Tracing facility status
2675 130 = /dev/tnf/trace Tracing device
2676
2677198 char Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
2678 0 = /dev/tpmp2/0 First card
2679 1 = /dev/tpmp2/1 Second card
2680 ...
2681
2682199 char Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2683 0 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* First volume
2684 1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* Second volume
2685 ...
2686
2687199 block Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2688 0 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* First volume
2689 1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* Second volume
2690 ...
2691
2692 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2693 the user space VxVM software.
2694
2695200 char Veritas VxVM configuration interface
2696 0 = /dev/vx/config Configuration access node
2697 1 = /dev/vx/trace Volume i/o trace access node
2698 2 = /dev/vx/iod Volume i/o daemon access node
2699 3 = /dev/vx/info Volume information access node
2700 4 = /dev/vx/task Volume tasks access node
2701 5 = /dev/vx/taskmon Volume tasks monitor daemon
2702
2703201 char Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2704 0 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* First multipath device
2705 1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* Second multipath device
2706 ...
2707201 block Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2708 0 = /dev/vx/dmp/* First multipath device
2709 1 = /dev/vx/dmp/* Second multipath device
2710 ...
2711
2712 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2713 the user space VxVM software.
2714
2715202 char CPU model-specific registers
2716 0 = /dev/cpu/0/msr MSRs on CPU 0
2717 1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr MSRs on CPU 1
2718 ...
2719
11420211
JE		 2720202 block Xen Virtual Block Device
2721 0 = /dev/xvda First Xen VBD whole disk
2722 16 = /dev/xvdb Second Xen VBD whole disk
2723 32 = /dev/xvdc Third Xen VBD whole disk
2724 ...
2725 240 = /dev/xvdp Sixteenth Xen VBD whole disk
2726
2727 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2728 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2729 partitions is 15.
2730
1da177e4
LT		 2731203 char CPU CPUID information
2732 0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid CPUID on CPU 0
2733 1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid CPUID on CPU 1
2734 ...
2735
2736204 char Low-density serial ports
2737 0 = /dev/ttyLU0 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 0
2738 1 = /dev/ttyLU1 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
2739 2 = /dev/ttyLU2 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
2740 3 = /dev/ttyLU3 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
2741 4 = /dev/ttyFB0 Intel Footbridge (ARM)
2742 5 = /dev/ttySA0 StrongARM builtin serial port 0
2743 6 = /dev/ttySA1 StrongARM builtin serial port 1
2744 7 = /dev/ttySA2 StrongARM builtin serial port 2
2745 8 = /dev/ttySC0 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
2746 9 = /dev/ttySC1 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
2747 10 = /dev/ttySC2 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
2748 11 = /dev/ttySC3 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
2749 12 = /dev/ttyFW0 Firmware console - port 0
2750 13 = /dev/ttyFW1 Firmware console - port 1
2751 14 = /dev/ttyFW2 Firmware console - port 2
2752 15 = /dev/ttyFW3 Firmware console - port 3
2753 16 = /dev/ttyAM0 ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
2754 ...
2755 31 = /dev/ttyAM15 ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
2756 32 = /dev/ttyDB0 DataBooster serial port 0
2757 ...
2758 39 = /dev/ttyDB7 DataBooster serial port 7
2759 40 = /dev/ttySG0 SGI Altix console port
2760 41 = /dev/ttySMX0 Motorola i.MX - port 0
2761 42 = /dev/ttySMX1 Motorola i.MX - port 1
2762 43 = /dev/ttySMX2 Motorola i.MX - port 2
2763 44 = /dev/ttyMM0 Marvell MPSC - port 0
2764 45 = /dev/ttyMM1 Marvell MPSC - port 1
2765 46 = /dev/ttyCPM0 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
2766 ...
2767 47 = /dev/ttyCPM5 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
11420211
JE		 2768 50 = /dev/ttyIOC0 Altix serial card
2769 ...
2770 81 = /dev/ttyIOC31 Altix serial card
2771 82 = /dev/ttyVR0 NEC VR4100 series SIU
2772 83 = /dev/ttyVR1 NEC VR4100 series DSIU
2773 84 = /dev/ttyIOC84 Altix ioc4 serial card
2774 ...
2775 115 = /dev/ttyIOC115 Altix ioc4 serial card
2776 116 = /dev/ttySIOC0 Altix ioc3 serial card
2777 ...
2778 147 = /dev/ttySIOC31 Altix ioc3 serial card
2779 148 = /dev/ttyPSC0 PPC PSC - port 0
2780 ...
2781 153 = /dev/ttyPSC5 PPC PSC - port 5
2782 154 = /dev/ttyAT0 ATMEL serial port 0
1da177e4 2783 ...
11420211
JE		 2784 169 = /dev/ttyAT15 ATMEL serial port 15
2785 170 = /dev/ttyNX0 Hilscher netX serial port 0
2786 ...
2787 185 = /dev/ttyNX15 Hilscher netX serial port 15
a4521948 2788 186 = /dev/ttyJ0 JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation
30aaa5c6
TM		 2789 187 = /dev/ttyUL0 Xilinx uartlite - port 0
2790 ...
2791 190 = /dev/ttyUL3 Xilinx uartlite - port 3
2792 191 = /dev/xvc0 Xen virtual console - port 0
04c860c1
AC		 2793 192 = /dev/ttyPZ0 pmac_zilog - port 0
2794 ...
2795 195 = /dev/ttyPZ3 pmac_zilog - port 3
2796 196 = /dev/ttyTX0 TX39/49 serial port 0
2797 ...
2798 204 = /dev/ttyTX7 TX39/49 serial port 7
2799 205 = /dev/ttySC0 SC26xx serial port 0
2800 206 = /dev/ttySC1 SC26xx serial port 1
2801 207 = /dev/ttySC2 SC26xx serial port 2
2802 208 = /dev/ttySC3 SC26xx serial port 3
05b36302
AC		 2803 209 = /dev/ttyMAX0 MAX3100 serial port 0
2804 210 = /dev/ttyMAX1 MAX3100 serial port 1
2805 211 = /dev/ttyMAX2 MAX3100 serial port 2
2806 212 = /dev/ttyMAX3 MAX3100 serial port 3
1da177e4
LT		 2807
2808205 char Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
2809 0 = /dev/culu0 Callout device for ttyLU0
2810 1 = /dev/culu1 Callout device for ttyLU1
2811 2 = /dev/culu2 Callout device for ttyLU2
2812 3 = /dev/culu3 Callout device for ttyLU3
2813 4 = /dev/cufb0 Callout device for ttyFB0
2814 5 = /dev/cusa0 Callout device for ttySA0
2815 6 = /dev/cusa1 Callout device for ttySA1
2816 7 = /dev/cusa2 Callout device for ttySA2
2817 8 = /dev/cusc0 Callout device for ttySC0
2818 9 = /dev/cusc1 Callout device for ttySC1
2819 10 = /dev/cusc2 Callout device for ttySC2
2820 11 = /dev/cusc3 Callout device for ttySC3
2821 12 = /dev/cufw0 Callout device for ttyFW0
2822 13 = /dev/cufw1 Callout device for ttyFW1
2823 14 = /dev/cufw2 Callout device for ttyFW2
2824 15 = /dev/cufw3 Callout device for ttyFW3
2825 16 = /dev/cuam0 Callout device for ttyAM0
2826 ...
2827 31 = /dev/cuam15 Callout device for ttyAM15
2828 32 = /dev/cudb0 Callout device for ttyDB0
2829 ...
2830 39 = /dev/cudb7 Callout device for ttyDB7
2831 40 = /dev/cusg0 Callout device for ttySG0
2832 41 = /dev/ttycusmx0 Callout device for ttySMX0
2833 42 = /dev/ttycusmx1 Callout device for ttySMX1
2834 43 = /dev/ttycusmx2 Callout device for ttySMX2
2835 46 = /dev/cucpm0 Callout device for ttyCPM0
2836 ...
2837 49 = /dev/cucpm5 Callout device for ttyCPM5
2838 50 = /dev/cuioc40 Callout device for ttyIOC40
2839 ...
2840 81 = /dev/cuioc431 Callout device for ttyIOC431
11420211
JE		 2841 82 = /dev/cuvr0 Callout device for ttyVR0
2842 83 = /dev/cuvr1 Callout device for ttyVR1
1da177e4 2843
1da177e4
LT		 2844206 char OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
2845 0 = /dev/osst0 First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2846 1 = /dev/osst1 Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2847 ...
2848 32 = /dev/osst0l First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2849 33 = /dev/osst1l Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2850 ...
2851 64 = /dev/osst0m First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2852 65 = /dev/osst1m Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2853 ...
2854 96 = /dev/osst0a First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2855 97 = /dev/osst1a Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2856 ...
2857 128 = /dev/nosst0 No rewind version of /dev/osst0
2858 129 = /dev/nosst1 No rewind version of /dev/osst1
2859 ...
2860 160 = /dev/nosst0l No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
2861 161 = /dev/nosst1l No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
2862 ...
2863 192 = /dev/nosst0m No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
2864 193 = /dev/nosst1m No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
2865 ...
2866 224 = /dev/nosst0a No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
2867 225 = /dev/nosst1a No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
2868 ...
2869
2870 The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
2871 standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
2872 their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
2873 maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
2874 usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
2875 driver as well. The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
2876 compliant and don't need osst.
2877
2878207 char Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
2879 0 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpqw Redirector interface
2880 1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom EISA CROM
2881 2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt Data Table
2882 3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt Event Log
2883 4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr Automatic Server Recovery
2884 5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc ECC Memory
2885 6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca Machine Check Architecture
2886 7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm Deprecated CDT
2887 8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi NMI Handling
2888 9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css Sideshow Management
2889 10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram CMOS interface
2890 11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci PCI IRQ interface
2891
2892208 char User space serial ports
2893 0 = /dev/ttyU0 First user space serial port
2894 1 = /dev/ttyU1 Second user space serial port
2895 ...
2896
2897209 char User space serial ports (alternate devices)
2898 0 = /dev/cuu0 Callout device for ttyU0
2899 1 = /dev/cuu1 Callout device for ttyU1
2900 ...
2901
2902210 char SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
2903 0 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg0 Configuration device for board 0
2904 1 = /dev/sbei/dld0 Download device for board 0
2905 2 = /dev/sbei/wan00 WAN device, port 0, board 0
2906 3 = /dev/sbei/wan01 WAN device, port 1, board 0
2907 4 = /dev/sbei/wan02 WAN device, port 2, board 0
2908 5 = /dev/sbei/wan03 WAN device, port 3, board 0
2909 6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00 WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
2910 7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01 WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
2911 8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02 WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
2912 9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03 WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
2913 10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1 Configuration device for board 1
2914 11 = /dev/sbei/dld1 Download device for board 1
2915 12 = /dev/sbei/wan10 WAN device, port 0, board 1
2916 13 = /dev/sbei/wan11 WAN device, port 1, board 1
2917 14 = /dev/sbei/wan12 WAN device, port 2, board 1
2918 15 = /dev/sbei/wan13 WAN device, port 3, board 1
2919 16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10 WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
2920 17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11 WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
2921 18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12 WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
2922 19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13 WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
2923 ...
2924
2925 Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.
2926
2927211 char Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
2928 0 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/0 First CPCI1500 card
2929 1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1 Second CPCI1500 card
2930 ...
2931
2932212 char LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem
1da177e4
LT		 2933 0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0 first video decoder of first card
2934 1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0 first audio decoder of first card
2935 2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0 (obsolete/unused)
2936 3 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 first frontend device of first card
2937 4 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0 first demux device of first card
2938 5 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0 first digital video recoder device of first card
2939 6 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0 first common access port of first card
2940 7 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0 first network device of first card
2941 8 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0 first on-screen-display device of first card
2942 9 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video1 second video decoder of first card
2943 ...
2944 64 = /dev/dvb/adapter1/video0 first video decoder of second card
2945 ...
2946 128 = /dev/dvb/adapter2/video0 first video decoder of third card
2947 ...
2948 196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0 first video decoder of fourth card
2949
c611d2cd
MH		 2950216 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices
2951 0 = /dev/rfcomm0 First Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
2952 1 = /dev/rfcomm1 Second Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
1da177e4
LT		 2953 ...
2954
c611d2cd
MH		 2955217 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices (alternate devices)
2956 0 = /dev/curf0 Callout device for rfcomm0
2957 1 = /dev/curf1 Callout device for rfcomm1
1da177e4
LT		 2958 ...
2959
2960218 char The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
2961 0 = /dev/logicalco/bci/0 First bus adapter
2962 1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1 First bus adapter
2963 ...
2964
2965219 char The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
2966 0 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/0 First DCI-1300 card
2967 1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1 Second DCI-1300 card
2968 ...
2969
2970220 char Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
2971 0 = /dev/myricom/gm0 First Myrinet GM board
2972 1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0 First board "root access"
2973 2 = /dev/myricom/gm1 Second Myrinet GM board
2974 3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1 Second board "root access"
2975 ...
2976
2977221 char VME bus
2978 0 = /dev/bus/vme/m0 First master image
2979 1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1 Second master image
2980 2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2 Third master image
2981 3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3 Fourth master image
2982 4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0 First slave image
2983 5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1 Second slave image
2984 6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2 Third slave image
2985 7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3 Fourth slave image
2986 8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl Control
2987
2988 It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
2989 same interface. For interface documentation see
2990 http://www.vmelinux.org/.
2991
2992224 char A2232 serial card
2993 0 = /dev/ttyY0 First A2232 port
2994 1 = /dev/ttyY1 Second A2232 port
2995 ...
2996
2997225 char A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
2998 0 = /dev/cuy0 Callout device for ttyY0
2999 1 = /dev/cuy1 Callout device for ttyY1
3000 ...
3001
3002226 char Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
3003 0 = /dev/dri/card0 First graphics card
3004 1 = /dev/dri/card1 Second graphics card
3005 ...
3006
3007227 char IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
3008 1 = /dev/3270/tty1 First 3270 terminal
3009 2 = /dev/3270/tty2 Seconds 3270 terminal
3010 ...
3011
3012228 char IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
3013 0 = /dev/3270/tub Controlling interface
3014 1 = /dev/3270/tub1 First 3270 terminal
3015 2 = /dev/3270/tub2 Second 3270 terminal
3016 ...
3017
30aaa5c6
TM		 3018229 char IBM iSeries/pSeries virtual console
3019 0 = /dev/hvc0 First console port
3020 1 = /dev/hvc1 Second console port
1da177e4
LT		 3021 ...
3022
3023230 char IBM iSeries virtual tape
3024 0 = /dev/iseries/vt0 First virtual tape, mode 0
3025 1 = /dev/iseries/vt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0
3026 ...
3027 32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l First virtual tape, mode 1
3028 33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1
3029 ...
3030 64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m First virtual tape, mode 2
3031 65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2
3032 ...
3033 96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a First virtual tape, mode 3
3034 97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3
3035 ...
3036 128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0 First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3037 129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3038 ...
3039 160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3040 161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3041 ...
3042 192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3043 193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3044 ...
3045 224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3046 225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3047 ...
3048
3049 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
3050 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
3051 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
3052 the device used to access it.
3053
11420211 3054231 char InfiniBand
1da177e4
LT		 3055 0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
3056 1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
11420211
JE		 3057 ...
3058 63 = /dev/infiniband/umad63 63rd InfiniBandMad device
3059 64 = /dev/infiniband/issm0 First InfiniBand IsSM device
3060 65 = /dev/infiniband/issm1 Second InfiniBand IsSM device
3061 ...
3062 127 = /dev/infiniband/issm63 63rd InfiniBand IsSM device
3063 128 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs0 First InfiniBand verbs device
3064 129 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs1 Second InfiniBand verbs device
3065 ...
3066 159 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs31 31st InfiniBand verbs device
3067
3068232 char Biometric Devices
3069 0 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on first device
3070 1 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/iris first iris sensor on first device
3071 2 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/retina first retina sensor on first device
3072 3 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/voiceprint first voiceprint sensor on first device
3073 4 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/facial first facial sensor on first device
3074 5 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/hand first hand sensor on first device
3075 ...
3076 10 = /dev/biometric/sensor1/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on second device
3077 ...
3078 20 = /dev/biometric/sensor2/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on third device
3079 ...
1da177e4 3080
11420211
JE		 3081233 char PathScale InfiniPath interconnect
3082 0 = /dev/ipath Primary device for programs (any unit)
3083 1 = /dev/ipath0 Access specifically to unit 0
3084 2 = /dev/ipath1 Access specifically to unit 1
3085 ...
3086 4 = /dev/ipath3 Access specifically to unit 3
3087 129 = /dev/ipath_sma Device used by Subnet Management Agent
3088 130 = /dev/ipath_diag Device used by diagnostics programs
3089
3090234-239 UNASSIGNED
1da177e4
LT		 3091
3092240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 3093
1da177e4
LT		 3094240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
3095 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
3096 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
3097 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
3098
3099255 char RESERVED
30aaa5c6 3100
1da177e4
LT		 3101255 block RESERVED
3102
3103 This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
3104 larger number space. No device nodes with this major
3105 should ever be created on the filesystem.
992caacf 3106 (This is probably not true anymore, but I'll leave it
11420211
JE		 3107 for now /Torben)
3108
3109---LARGE MAJORS!!!!!---
3110
3111256 char Equinox SST multi-port serial boards
3112 0 = /dev/ttyEQ0 First serial port on first Equinox SST board
3113 127 = /dev/ttyEQ127 Last serial port on first Equinox SST board
3114 128 = /dev/ttyEQ128 First serial port on second Equinox SST board
3115 ...
3116 1027 = /dev/ttyEQ1027 Last serial port on eighth Equinox SST board
3117
3118256 block Resident Flash Disk Flash Translation Layer
3119 0 = /dev/rfda First RFD FTL layer
3120 16 = /dev/rfdb Second RFD FTL layer
3121 ...
3122 240 = /dev/rfdp 16th RFD FTL layer
3123
a4521948
JE		 3124257 char Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver
3125 0 = /dev/ptlsec Crypto Services Driver
3126
30aaa5c6
TM		 3127257 block SSFDC Flash Translation Layer filesystem
3128 0 = /dev/ssfdca First SSFDC layer
3129 8 = /dev/ssfdcb Second SSFDC layer
3130 16 = /dev/ssfdcc Third SSFDC layer
3131 24 = /dev/ssfdcd 4th SSFDC layer
3132 32 = /dev/ssfdce 5th SSFDC layer
3133 40 = /dev/ssfdcf 6th SSFDC layer
3134 48 = /dev/ssfdcg 7th SSFDC layer
3135 56 = /dev/ssfdch 8th SSFDC layer
3136
3137258 block ROM/Flash read-only translation layer
3138 0 = /dev/blockrom0 First ROM card's translation layer interface
3139 1 = /dev/blockrom1 Second ROM card's translation layer interface
3140 ...
1da177e4 3141
04c860c1
AC		 3142259 block Block Extended Major
3143 Used dynamically to hold additional partition minor
3144 numbers and allow large numbers of partitions per device
3145
3146259 char FPGA configuration interfaces
3147 0 = /dev/icap0 First Xilinx internal configuration
3148 1 = /dev/icap1 Second Xilinx internal configuration
3149
71969fd9
BH		 3150260 char OSD (Object-based-device) SCSI Device
3151 0 = /dev/osd0 First OSD Device
3152 1 = /dev/osd1 Second OSD Device
3153 ...
3154 255 = /dev/osd255 256th OSD Device
3155
1da177e4
LT		 3156 **** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
3157
3158This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
3159the /dev directory. It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
3160form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here. Links are
3161classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
3162link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.
3163
3164
3165 Compulsory links
3166
3167These links should exist on all systems:
3168
3169/dev/fd /proc/self/fd symbolic File descriptors
3170/dev/stdin fd/0 symbolic stdin file descriptor
3171/dev/stdout fd/1 symbolic stdout file descriptor
3172/dev/stderr fd/2 symbolic stderr file descriptor
3173/dev/nfsd socksys symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3174/dev/X0R null symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3175
3176Note: /dev/X0R is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>.
3177
3178 Recommended links
3179
3180It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:
3181
3182/dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility
3183/dev/ramdisk ram0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3184/dev/ftape qft0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3185/dev/bttv0 video0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3186/dev/radio radio0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3187/dev/i2o* /dev/i2o/* symbolic Backward compatibility
3188/dev/scd? sr? hard Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name
3189
3190 Locally defined links
3191
3192The following links may be established locally to conform to the
3193configuration of the system. This is merely a tabulation of existing
3194practice, and does not constitute a recommendation. However, if they
3195exist, they should have the following uses.
3196
3197/dev/mouse mouse port symbolic Current mouse device
3198/dev/tape tape device symbolic Current tape device
3199/dev/cdrom CD-ROM device symbolic Current CD-ROM device
3200/dev/cdwriter CD-writer symbolic Current CD-writer device
3201/dev/scanner scanner symbolic Current scanner device
3202/dev/modem modem port symbolic Current dialout device
3203/dev/root root device symbolic Current root filesystem
3204/dev/swap swap device symbolic Current swap device
3205
3206/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
3207well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems. If it
3208exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device
3209(the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated).
3210
3211For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
3212``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
3213/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
3214SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).
3215
3216/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
3217device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).
3218
3219 Sockets and pipes
3220
3221Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev. Common entries are:
3222
3223/dev/printer socket lpd local socket
3224/dev/log socket syslog local socket
3225/dev/gpmdata socket gpm mouse multiplexer
3226
3227 Mount points
3228
3229The following names are reserved for mounting special filesystems
3230under /dev. These special filesystems provide kernel interfaces that
3231cannot be provided with standard device nodes.
3232
3233/dev/pts devpts PTY slave filesystem
3234/dev/shm tmpfs POSIX shared memory maintenance access
3235
3236 **** TERMINAL DEVICES
3237
3238Terminal, or TTY devices are a special class of character devices. A
3239terminal device is any device that could act as a controlling terminal
3240for a session; this includes virtual consoles, serial ports, and
3241pseudoterminals (PTYs).
3242
3243All terminal devices share a common set of capabilities known as line
fff9289b 3244disciplines; these include the common terminal line discipline as well
1da177e4
LT		 3245as SLIP and PPP modes.
3246
3247All terminal devices are named similarly; this section explains the
3248naming and use of the various types of TTYs. Note that the naming
3249conventions include several historical warts; some of these are
3250Linux-specific, some were inherited from other systems, and some
3251reflect Linux outgrowing a borrowed convention.
3252
3253A hash mark (#) in a device name is used here to indicate a decimal
3254number without leading zeroes.
3255
3256 Virtual consoles and the console device
3257
3258Virtual consoles are full-screen terminal displays on the system video
3259monitor. Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering
3260starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console.
3261/dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video
3262card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices
3263(/dev/fb*) are not applicable. Do not use /dev/console
3264for this purpose.
3265
3266The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system
3267messages should be sent, and on which logins should be permitted in
3268single-user mode. Starting with Linux 2.1.71, /dev/console is managed
3269by the kernel; for previous versions it should be a symbolic link to
3270either /dev/tty0, a specific virtual console such as /dev/tty1, or to
3271a serial port primary (tty*, not cu*) device, depending on the
3272configuration of the system.
3273
3274 Serial ports
3275
3276Serial ports are RS-232 serial ports and any device which simulates
3277one, either in hardware (such as internal modems) or in software (such
3278as the ISDN driver.) Under Linux, each serial ports has two device
3279names, the primary or callin device and the alternate or callout one.
3280Each kind of device is indicated by a different letter. For any
3281letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#,
3282respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC#
3283correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#. In the future, it should be
3284expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper
3285case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the
3286"cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#).
3287
3288The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use.
3289
3290The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat
3291different defaults than the primary devices. Their main purpose is to
3292allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken
3293support for serial ports. Their use is deprecated, and they may be
3294removed from a future version of Linux.
3295
3296Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with
3297the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#. The contents of the lock file should
3298be the PID of the locking process as an ASCII number.
3299
3300It is common practice to install links such as /dev/modem
3301which point to serial ports. In order to ensure proper locking in the
3302presence of these links, it is recommended that software chase
3303symlinks and lock all possible names; additionally, it is recommended
3304that a lock file be installed with the corresponding alternate
3305device. In order to avoid deadlocks, it is recommended that the locks
3306are acquired in the following order, and released in the reverse:
3307
3308 1. The symbolic link name, if any (/var/lock/LCK..modem)
3309 2. The "tty" name (/var/lock/LCK..ttyS2)
3310 3. The alternate device name (/var/lock/LCK..cua2)
3311
3312In the case of nested symbolic links, the lock files should be
3313installed in the order the symlinks are resolved.
3314
3315Under no circumstances should an application hold a lock while waiting
3316for another to be released. In addition, applications which attempt
3317to create lock files for the corresponding alternate device names
3318should take into account the possibility of being used on a non-serial
3319port TTY, for which no alternate device would exist.
3320
3321 Pseudoterminals (PTYs)
3322
3323Pseudoterminals, or PTYs, are used to create login sessions or provide
fff9289b 3324other capabilities requiring a TTY line discipline (including SLIP or
1da177e4
LT		 3325PPP capability) to arbitrary data-generation processes. Each PTY has
3326a master side, named /dev/pty[p-za-e][0-9a-f], and a slave side, named
3327/dev/tty[p-za-e][0-9a-f]. The kernel arbitrates the use of PTYs by
3328allowing each master side to be opened only once.
3329
3330Once the master side has been opened, the corresponding slave device
3331can be used in the same manner as any TTY device. The master and
3332slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent
3333of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities.
3334
3335Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for
3336the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common
3337device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically
3338give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts,
3339for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/#
3340in our notation). This removes the problem of exhausting the
3341namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device
3342nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem.
3343
Clone of davem's net-next-2.6 tree