2 * linux/arch/arm/mm/init.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Russell King
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/errno.h>
12 #include <linux/swap.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
15 #include <linux/mman.h>
16 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
17 #include <linux/initrd.h>
18 #include <linux/highmem.h>
20 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
21 #include <asm/sections.h>
22 #include <asm/setup.h>
23 #include <asm/sizes.h>
25 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
27 #include <asm/mach/arch.h>
28 #include <asm/mach/map.h>
32 static unsigned long phys_initrd_start __initdata = 0;
33 static unsigned long phys_initrd_size __initdata = 0;
35 static int __init early_initrd(char *p)
37 unsigned long start, size;
40 start = memparse(p, &endp);
42 size = memparse(endp + 1, NULL);
44 phys_initrd_start = start;
45 phys_initrd_size = size;
49 early_param("initrd", early_initrd);
51 static int __init parse_tag_initrd(const struct tag *tag)
53 printk(KERN_WARNING "ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; "
54 "please update your bootloader.\n");
55 phys_initrd_start = __virt_to_phys(tag->u.initrd.start);
56 phys_initrd_size = tag->u.initrd.size;
60 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD, parse_tag_initrd);
62 static int __init parse_tag_initrd2(const struct tag *tag)
64 phys_initrd_start = tag->u.initrd.start;
65 phys_initrd_size = tag->u.initrd.size;
69 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD2, parse_tag_initrd2);
72 * This keeps memory configuration data used by a couple memory
73 * initialization functions, as well as show_mem() for the skipping
74 * of holes in the memory map. It is populated by arm_add_memory().
76 struct meminfo meminfo;
80 int free = 0, total = 0, reserved = 0;
81 int shared = 0, cached = 0, slab = 0, node, i;
82 struct meminfo * mi = &meminfo;
84 printk("Mem-info:\n");
86 for_each_online_node(node) {
87 pg_data_t *n = NODE_DATA(node);
88 struct page *map = pgdat_page_nr(n, 0) - n->node_start_pfn;
90 for_each_nodebank (i,mi,node) {
91 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
92 unsigned int pfn1, pfn2;
93 struct page *page, *end;
95 pfn1 = bank_pfn_start(bank);
96 pfn2 = bank_pfn_end(bank);
103 if (PageReserved(page))
105 else if (PageSwapCache(page))
107 else if (PageSlab(page))
109 else if (!page_count(page))
112 shared += page_count(page) - 1;
114 } while (page < end);
118 printk("%d pages of RAM\n", total);
119 printk("%d free pages\n", free);
120 printk("%d reserved pages\n", reserved);
121 printk("%d slab pages\n", slab);
122 printk("%d pages shared\n", shared);
123 printk("%d pages swap cached\n", cached);
126 static void __init find_node_limits(int node, struct meminfo *mi,
127 unsigned long *min, unsigned long *max_low, unsigned long *max_high)
132 *max_low = *max_high = 0;
134 for_each_nodebank(i, mi, node) {
135 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
136 unsigned long start, end;
138 start = bank_pfn_start(bank);
139 end = bank_pfn_end(bank);
153 * FIXME: We really want to avoid allocating the bootmap bitmap
154 * over the top of the initrd. Hopefully, this is located towards
155 * the start of a bank, so if we allocate the bootmap bitmap at
156 * the end, we won't clash.
158 static unsigned int __init
159 find_bootmap_pfn(int node, struct meminfo *mi, unsigned int bootmap_pages)
161 unsigned int start_pfn, i, bootmap_pfn;
163 start_pfn = PAGE_ALIGN(__pa(_end)) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
166 for_each_nodebank(i, mi, node) {
167 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
168 unsigned int start, end;
170 start = bank_pfn_start(bank);
171 end = bank_pfn_end(bank);
176 if (start < start_pfn)
182 if (end - start >= bootmap_pages) {
188 if (bootmap_pfn == 0)
194 static int __init check_initrd(struct meminfo *mi)
196 int initrd_node = -2;
197 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
198 unsigned long end = phys_initrd_start + phys_initrd_size;
201 * Make sure that the initrd is within a valid area of
204 if (phys_initrd_size) {
209 for (i = 0; i < mi->nr_banks; i++) {
210 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
211 if (bank_phys_start(bank) <= phys_initrd_start &&
212 end <= bank_phys_end(bank))
213 initrd_node = bank->node;
217 if (initrd_node == -1) {
218 printk(KERN_ERR "INITRD: 0x%08lx+0x%08lx extends beyond "
219 "physical memory - disabling initrd\n",
220 phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size);
221 phys_initrd_start = phys_initrd_size = 0;
228 static inline void map_memory_bank(struct membank *bank)
233 map.pfn = bank_pfn_start(bank);
234 map.virtual = __phys_to_virt(bank_phys_start(bank));
235 map.length = bank_phys_size(bank);
236 map.type = MT_MEMORY;
238 create_mapping(&map);
242 static void __init bootmem_init_node(int node, struct meminfo *mi,
243 unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
245 unsigned long boot_pfn;
246 unsigned int boot_pages;
251 * Map the memory banks for this node.
253 for_each_nodebank(i, mi, node) {
254 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
257 map_memory_bank(bank);
261 * Allocate the bootmem bitmap page.
263 boot_pages = bootmem_bootmap_pages(end_pfn - start_pfn);
264 boot_pfn = find_bootmap_pfn(node, mi, boot_pages);
267 * Initialise the bootmem allocator for this node, handing the
268 * memory banks over to bootmem.
270 node_set_online(node);
271 pgdat = NODE_DATA(node);
272 init_bootmem_node(pgdat, boot_pfn, start_pfn, end_pfn);
274 for_each_nodebank(i, mi, node) {
275 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
277 free_bootmem_node(pgdat, bank_phys_start(bank), bank_phys_size(bank));
281 * Reserve the bootmem bitmap for this node.
283 reserve_bootmem_node(pgdat, boot_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT,
284 boot_pages << PAGE_SHIFT, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
287 static void __init bootmem_reserve_initrd(int node)
289 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
290 pg_data_t *pgdat = NODE_DATA(node);
293 res = reserve_bootmem_node(pgdat, phys_initrd_start,
294 phys_initrd_size, BOOTMEM_EXCLUSIVE);
297 initrd_start = __phys_to_virt(phys_initrd_start);
298 initrd_end = initrd_start + phys_initrd_size;
301 "INITRD: 0x%08lx+0x%08lx overlaps in-use "
302 "memory region - disabling initrd\n",
303 phys_initrd_start, phys_initrd_size);
308 static void __init bootmem_free_node(int node, struct meminfo *mi)
310 unsigned long zone_size[MAX_NR_ZONES], zhole_size[MAX_NR_ZONES];
311 unsigned long min, max_low, max_high;
314 find_node_limits(node, mi, &min, &max_low, &max_high);
317 * initialise the zones within this node.
319 memset(zone_size, 0, sizeof(zone_size));
322 * The size of this node has already been determined. If we need
323 * to do anything fancy with the allocation of this memory to the
324 * zones, now is the time to do it.
326 zone_size[0] = max_low - min;
327 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
328 zone_size[ZONE_HIGHMEM] = max_high - max_low;
332 * For each bank in this node, calculate the size of the holes.
333 * holes = node_size - sum(bank_sizes_in_node)
335 memcpy(zhole_size, zone_size, sizeof(zhole_size));
336 for_each_nodebank(i, mi, node) {
338 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
339 if (mi->bank[i].highmem)
342 zhole_size[idx] -= bank_pfn_size(&mi->bank[i]);
346 * Adjust the sizes according to any special requirements for
349 arch_adjust_zones(node, zone_size, zhole_size);
351 free_area_init_node(node, zone_size, min, zhole_size);
354 #ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
355 int pfn_valid(unsigned long pfn)
357 struct meminfo *mi = &meminfo;
358 unsigned int left = 0, right = mi->nr_banks;
361 unsigned int mid = (right + left) / 2;
362 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[mid];
364 if (pfn < bank_pfn_start(bank))
366 else if (pfn >= bank_pfn_end(bank))
370 } while (left < right);
373 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_valid);
375 static void arm_memory_present(struct meminfo *mi, int node)
379 static void arm_memory_present(struct meminfo *mi, int node)
382 for_each_nodebank(i, mi, node) {
383 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
384 memory_present(node, bank_pfn_start(bank), bank_pfn_end(bank));
389 void __init bootmem_init(void)
391 struct meminfo *mi = &meminfo;
392 unsigned long min, max_low, max_high;
393 int node, initrd_node;
396 * Locate which node contains the ramdisk image, if any.
398 initrd_node = check_initrd(mi);
400 max_low = max_high = 0;
403 * Run through each node initialising the bootmem allocator.
405 for_each_node(node) {
406 unsigned long node_low, node_high;
408 find_node_limits(node, mi, &min, &node_low, &node_high);
410 if (node_low > max_low)
412 if (node_high > max_high)
413 max_high = node_high;
416 * If there is no memory in this node, ignore it.
417 * (We can't have nodes which have no lowmem)
422 bootmem_init_node(node, mi, min, node_low);
425 * Reserve any special node zero regions.
428 reserve_node_zero(NODE_DATA(node));
431 * If the initrd is in this node, reserve its memory.
433 if (node == initrd_node)
434 bootmem_reserve_initrd(node);
437 * Sparsemem tries to allocate bootmem in memory_present(),
438 * so must be done after the fixed reservations
440 arm_memory_present(mi, node);
444 * sparse_init() needs the bootmem allocator up and running.
449 * Now free memory in each node - free_area_init_node needs
450 * the sparse mem_map arrays initialized by sparse_init()
451 * for memmap_init_zone(), otherwise all PFNs are invalid.
454 bootmem_free_node(node, mi);
456 high_memory = __va((max_low << PAGE_SHIFT) - 1) + 1;
459 * This doesn't seem to be used by the Linux memory manager any
460 * more, but is used by ll_rw_block. If we can get rid of it, we
461 * also get rid of some of the stuff above as well.
463 * Note: max_low_pfn and max_pfn reflect the number of _pages_ in
464 * the system, not the maximum PFN.
466 max_low_pfn = max_low - PHYS_PFN_OFFSET;
467 max_pfn = max_high - PHYS_PFN_OFFSET;
470 static inline int free_area(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long end, char *s)
472 unsigned int pages = 0, size = (end - pfn) << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);
474 for (; pfn < end; pfn++) {
475 struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
476 ClearPageReserved(page);
477 init_page_count(page);
483 printk(KERN_INFO "Freeing %s memory: %dK\n", s, size);
489 free_memmap(int node, unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
491 struct page *start_pg, *end_pg;
492 unsigned long pg, pgend;
495 * Convert start_pfn/end_pfn to a struct page pointer.
497 start_pg = pfn_to_page(start_pfn - 1) + 1;
498 end_pg = pfn_to_page(end_pfn);
501 * Convert to physical addresses, and
502 * round start upwards and end downwards.
504 pg = PAGE_ALIGN(__pa(start_pg));
505 pgend = __pa(end_pg) & PAGE_MASK;
508 * If there are free pages between these,
509 * free the section of the memmap array.
512 free_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(node), pg, pgend - pg);
516 * The mem_map array can get very big. Free the unused area of the memory map.
518 static void __init free_unused_memmap_node(int node, struct meminfo *mi)
520 unsigned long bank_start, prev_bank_end = 0;
524 * [FIXME] This relies on each bank being in address order. This
525 * may not be the case, especially if the user has provided the
526 * information on the command line.
528 for_each_nodebank(i, mi, node) {
529 struct membank *bank = &mi->bank[i];
531 bank_start = bank_pfn_start(bank);
532 if (bank_start < prev_bank_end) {
533 printk(KERN_ERR "MEM: unordered memory banks. "
534 "Not freeing memmap.\n");
539 * If we had a previous bank, and there is a space
540 * between the current bank and the previous, free it.
542 if (prev_bank_end && prev_bank_end != bank_start)
543 free_memmap(node, prev_bank_end, bank_start);
545 prev_bank_end = bank_pfn_end(bank);
550 * mem_init() marks the free areas in the mem_map and tells us how much
551 * memory is free. This is done after various parts of the system have
552 * claimed their memory after the kernel image.
554 void __init mem_init(void)
556 unsigned long reserved_pages, free_pages;
559 #ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
560 max_mapnr = pfn_to_page(max_pfn + PHYS_PFN_OFFSET) - mem_map;
563 /* this will put all unused low memory onto the freelists */
564 for_each_online_node(node) {
565 pg_data_t *pgdat = NODE_DATA(node);
567 free_unused_memmap_node(node, &meminfo);
569 if (pgdat->node_spanned_pages != 0)
570 totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem_node(pgdat);
574 /* now that our DMA memory is actually so designated, we can free it */
575 totalram_pages += free_area(PHYS_PFN_OFFSET,
576 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(swapper_pg_dir)), NULL);
579 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
580 /* set highmem page free */
581 for_each_online_node(node) {
582 for_each_nodebank (i, &meminfo, node) {
583 unsigned long start = bank_pfn_start(&meminfo.bank[i]);
584 unsigned long end = bank_pfn_end(&meminfo.bank[i]);
585 if (start >= max_low_pfn + PHYS_PFN_OFFSET)
586 totalhigh_pages += free_area(start, end, NULL);
589 totalram_pages += totalhigh_pages;
592 reserved_pages = free_pages = 0;
594 for_each_online_node(node) {
595 pg_data_t *n = NODE_DATA(node);
596 struct page *map = pgdat_page_nr(n, 0) - n->node_start_pfn;
598 for_each_nodebank(i, &meminfo, node) {
599 struct membank *bank = &meminfo.bank[i];
600 unsigned int pfn1, pfn2;
601 struct page *page, *end;
603 pfn1 = bank_pfn_start(bank);
604 pfn2 = bank_pfn_end(bank);
610 if (PageReserved(page))
612 else if (!page_count(page))
615 } while (page < end);
620 * Since our memory may not be contiguous, calculate the
621 * real number of pages we have in this system
623 printk(KERN_INFO "Memory:");
625 for (i = 0; i < meminfo.nr_banks; i++) {
626 num_physpages += bank_pfn_size(&meminfo.bank[i]);
627 printk(" %ldMB", bank_phys_size(&meminfo.bank[i]) >> 20);
629 printk(" = %luMB total\n", num_physpages >> (20 - PAGE_SHIFT));
631 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Memory: %luk/%luk available, %luk reserved, %luK highmem\n",
632 nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
633 free_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
634 reserved_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
635 totalhigh_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10));
637 #define MLK(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 10
638 #define MLM(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 20
639 #define MLK_ROUNDUP(b, t) b, t, DIV_ROUND_UP(((t) - (b)), SZ_1K)
641 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
642 " vector : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
643 " fixmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
645 " DMA : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
647 " vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
648 " lowmem : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
649 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
650 " pkmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
652 " modules : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
653 " .init : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
654 " .text : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
655 " .data : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n",
657 MLK(UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE), UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE) +
659 MLK(FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP),
661 MLM(CONSISTENT_BASE, CONSISTENT_END),
663 MLM(VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END),
664 MLM(PAGE_OFFSET, (unsigned long)high_memory),
665 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
666 MLM(PKMAP_BASE, (PKMAP_BASE) + (LAST_PKMAP) *
669 MLM(MODULES_VADDR, MODULES_END),
671 MLK_ROUNDUP(__init_begin, __init_end),
672 MLK_ROUNDUP(_text, _etext),
673 MLK_ROUNDUP(_data, _edata));
680 * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
681 * be detected at build time already.
684 BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END > CONSISTENT_BASE);
685 BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END > CONSISTENT_BASE);
687 BUILD_BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE > MODULES_VADDR);
688 BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE > MODULES_VADDR);
691 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
692 BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP * PAGE_SIZE > PAGE_OFFSET);
693 BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP * PAGE_SIZE > PAGE_OFFSET);
696 if (PAGE_SIZE >= 16384 && num_physpages <= 128) {
697 extern int sysctl_overcommit_memory;
699 * On a machine this small we won't get
700 * anywhere without overcommit, so turn
703 sysctl_overcommit_memory = OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS;
707 void free_initmem(void)
709 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
710 extern char *__tcm_start, *__tcm_end;
712 totalram_pages += free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(__tcm_start)),
713 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(__tcm_end)),
717 if (!machine_is_integrator() && !machine_is_cintegrator())
718 totalram_pages += free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(__init_begin)),
719 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(__init_end)),
723 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
725 static int keep_initrd;
727 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
730 totalram_pages += free_area(__phys_to_pfn(__pa(start)),
731 __phys_to_pfn(__pa(end)),
735 static int __init keepinitrd_setup(char *__unused)
741 __setup("keepinitrd", keepinitrd_setup);