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CommitLineData
1da177e4
LT
1/*
2 * linux/kernel/panic.c
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
5 */
6
7/*
8 * This function is used through-out the kernel (including mm and fs)
9 * to indicate a major problem.
10 */
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IM
11#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
12#include <linux/interrupt.h>
456b565c 13#include <linux/kmsg_dump.h>
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IM
14#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
15#include <linux/notifier.h>
1da177e4 16#include <linux/module.h>
c95dbf27 17#include <linux/random.h>
1da177e4 18#include <linux/reboot.h>
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IM
19#include <linux/delay.h>
20#include <linux/kexec.h>
21#include <linux/sched.h>
1da177e4 22#include <linux/sysrq.h>
c95dbf27 23#include <linux/init.h>
1da177e4 24#include <linux/nmi.h>
bd89bb29 25#include <linux/dmi.h>
1da177e4 26
1da177e4 27int panic_on_oops;
25ddbb18 28static unsigned long tainted_mask;
dd287796
AM
29static int pause_on_oops;
30static int pause_on_oops_flag;
31static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(pause_on_oops_lock);
1da177e4 32
dd287796 33int panic_timeout;
1da177e4 34
e041c683 35ATOMIC_NOTIFIER_HEAD(panic_notifier_list);
1da177e4
LT
36
37EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_notifier_list);
38
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LT
39static long no_blink(long time)
40{
41 return 0;
42}
43
44/* Returns how long it waited in ms */
45long (*panic_blink)(long time);
46EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_blink);
47
48/**
49 * panic - halt the system
50 * @fmt: The text string to print
51 *
52 * Display a message, then perform cleanups.
53 *
54 * This function never returns.
55 */
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LT
56NORET_TYPE void panic(const char * fmt, ...)
57{
1da177e4
LT
58 static char buf[1024];
59 va_list args;
c95dbf27 60 long i;
1da177e4 61
dc009d92 62 /*
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63 * It's possible to come here directly from a panic-assertion and
64 * not have preempt disabled. Some functions called from here want
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EB
65 * preempt to be disabled. No point enabling it later though...
66 */
67 preempt_disable();
68
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69 bust_spinlocks(1);
70 va_start(args, fmt);
71 vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
72 va_end(args);
73 printk(KERN_EMERG "Kernel panic - not syncing: %s\n",buf);
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IM
74#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE
75 dump_stack();
76#endif
1da177e4 77
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EB
78 /*
79 * If we have crashed and we have a crash kernel loaded let it handle
80 * everything else.
81 * Do we want to call this before we try to display a message?
82 */
6e274d14 83 crash_kexec(NULL);
dc009d92 84
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85 kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_PANIC);
86
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87 /*
88 * Note smp_send_stop is the usual smp shutdown function, which
89 * unfortunately means it may not be hardened to work in a panic
90 * situation.
91 */
1da177e4 92 smp_send_stop();
1da177e4 93
e041c683 94 atomic_notifier_call_chain(&panic_notifier_list, 0, buf);
1da177e4 95
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96 bust_spinlocks(0);
97
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LT
98 if (!panic_blink)
99 panic_blink = no_blink;
100
dc009d92 101 if (panic_timeout > 0) {
1da177e4 102 /*
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103 * Delay timeout seconds before rebooting the machine.
104 * We can't use the "normal" timers since we just panicked.
105 */
106 printk(KERN_EMERG "Rebooting in %d seconds..", panic_timeout);
107
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LT
108 for (i = 0; i < panic_timeout*1000; ) {
109 touch_nmi_watchdog();
110 i += panic_blink(i);
111 mdelay(1);
112 i++;
113 }
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IM
114 /*
115 * This will not be a clean reboot, with everything
116 * shutting down. But if there is a chance of
117 * rebooting the system it will be rebooted.
1da177e4 118 */
2f048ea8 119 emergency_restart();
1da177e4
LT
120 }
121#ifdef __sparc__
122 {
123 extern int stop_a_enabled;
a271c241 124 /* Make sure the user can actually press Stop-A (L1-A) */
1da177e4 125 stop_a_enabled = 1;
a271c241 126 printk(KERN_EMERG "Press Stop-A (L1-A) to return to the boot prom\n");
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LT
127 }
128#endif
347a8dc3 129#if defined(CONFIG_S390)
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IM
130 {
131 unsigned long caller;
132
133 caller = (unsigned long)__builtin_return_address(0);
134 disabled_wait(caller);
135 }
1da177e4
LT
136#endif
137 local_irq_enable();
c95dbf27 138 for (i = 0; ; ) {
c22db941 139 touch_softlockup_watchdog();
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LT
140 i += panic_blink(i);
141 mdelay(1);
142 i++;
143 }
144}
145
146EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic);
147
c277e63f 148
25ddbb18 149struct tnt {
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150 u8 bit;
151 char true;
152 char false;
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AK
153};
154
155static const struct tnt tnts[] = {
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IM
156 { TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE, 'P', 'G' },
157 { TAINT_FORCED_MODULE, 'F', ' ' },
158 { TAINT_UNSAFE_SMP, 'S', ' ' },
159 { TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD, 'R', ' ' },
160 { TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK, 'M', ' ' },
161 { TAINT_BAD_PAGE, 'B', ' ' },
162 { TAINT_USER, 'U', ' ' },
163 { TAINT_DIE, 'D', ' ' },
164 { TAINT_OVERRIDDEN_ACPI_TABLE, 'A', ' ' },
165 { TAINT_WARN, 'W', ' ' },
166 { TAINT_CRAP, 'C', ' ' },
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AK
167};
168
1da177e4
LT
169/**
170 * print_tainted - return a string to represent the kernel taint state.
171 *
172 * 'P' - Proprietary module has been loaded.
173 * 'F' - Module has been forcibly loaded.
174 * 'S' - SMP with CPUs not designed for SMP.
175 * 'R' - User forced a module unload.
9aa5e993 176 * 'M' - System experienced a machine check exception.
1da177e4 177 * 'B' - System has hit bad_page.
34f5a398 178 * 'U' - Userspace-defined naughtiness.
a8005992 179 * 'D' - Kernel has oopsed before
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180 * 'A' - ACPI table overridden.
181 * 'W' - Taint on warning.
061b1bd3 182 * 'C' - modules from drivers/staging are loaded.
1da177e4 183 *
fe002a41 184 * The string is overwritten by the next call to print_tainted().
1da177e4 185 */
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LT
186const char *print_tainted(void)
187{
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AK
188 static char buf[ARRAY_SIZE(tnts) + sizeof("Tainted: ") + 1];
189
190 if (tainted_mask) {
191 char *s;
192 int i;
193
194 s = buf + sprintf(buf, "Tainted: ");
195 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(tnts); i++) {
196 const struct tnt *t = &tnts[i];
197 *s++ = test_bit(t->bit, &tainted_mask) ?
198 t->true : t->false;
199 }
200 *s = 0;
201 } else
1da177e4 202 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Not tainted");
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203
204 return buf;
1da177e4
LT
205}
206
25ddbb18 207int test_taint(unsigned flag)
1da177e4 208{
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209 return test_bit(flag, &tainted_mask);
210}
211EXPORT_SYMBOL(test_taint);
212
213unsigned long get_taint(void)
214{
215 return tainted_mask;
1da177e4 216}
dd287796 217
1da177e4 218void add_taint(unsigned flag)
dd287796 219{
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FW
220 /*
221 * Can't trust the integrity of the kernel anymore.
222 * We don't call directly debug_locks_off() because the issue
223 * is not necessarily serious enough to set oops_in_progress to 1
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FW
224 * Also we want to keep up lockdep for staging development and
225 * post-warning case.
9eeba613 226 */
574bbe78 227 if (flag != TAINT_CRAP && flag != TAINT_WARN && __debug_locks_off())
b48ccb09 228 printk(KERN_WARNING "Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint\n");
9eeba613 229
25ddbb18 230 set_bit(flag, &tainted_mask);
dd287796 231}
1da177e4 232EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_taint);
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AM
233
234static void spin_msec(int msecs)
235{
236 int i;
237
238 for (i = 0; i < msecs; i++) {
239 touch_nmi_watchdog();
240 mdelay(1);
241 }
242}
243
244/*
245 * It just happens that oops_enter() and oops_exit() are identically
246 * implemented...
247 */
248static void do_oops_enter_exit(void)
249{
250 unsigned long flags;
251 static int spin_counter;
252
253 if (!pause_on_oops)
254 return;
255
256 spin_lock_irqsave(&pause_on_oops_lock, flags);
257 if (pause_on_oops_flag == 0) {
258 /* This CPU may now print the oops message */
259 pause_on_oops_flag = 1;
260 } else {
261 /* We need to stall this CPU */
262 if (!spin_counter) {
263 /* This CPU gets to do the counting */
264 spin_counter = pause_on_oops;
265 do {
266 spin_unlock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
267 spin_msec(MSEC_PER_SEC);
268 spin_lock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
269 } while (--spin_counter);
270 pause_on_oops_flag = 0;
271 } else {
272 /* This CPU waits for a different one */
273 while (spin_counter) {
274 spin_unlock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
275 spin_msec(1);
276 spin_lock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
277 }
278 }
279 }
280 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pause_on_oops_lock, flags);
281}
282
283/*
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IM
284 * Return true if the calling CPU is allowed to print oops-related info.
285 * This is a bit racy..
dd287796
AM
286 */
287int oops_may_print(void)
288{
289 return pause_on_oops_flag == 0;
290}
291
292/*
293 * Called when the architecture enters its oops handler, before it prints
c95dbf27
IM
294 * anything. If this is the first CPU to oops, and it's oopsing the first
295 * time then let it proceed.
dd287796 296 *
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IM
297 * This is all enabled by the pause_on_oops kernel boot option. We do all
298 * this to ensure that oopses don't scroll off the screen. It has the
299 * side-effect of preventing later-oopsing CPUs from mucking up the display,
300 * too.
dd287796 301 *
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302 * It turns out that the CPU which is allowed to print ends up pausing for
303 * the right duration, whereas all the other CPUs pause for twice as long:
304 * once in oops_enter(), once in oops_exit().
dd287796
AM
305 */
306void oops_enter(void)
307{
bdff7870 308 tracing_off();
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IM
309 /* can't trust the integrity of the kernel anymore: */
310 debug_locks_off();
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AM
311 do_oops_enter_exit();
312}
313
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AV
314/*
315 * 64-bit random ID for oopses:
316 */
317static u64 oops_id;
318
319static int init_oops_id(void)
320{
321 if (!oops_id)
322 get_random_bytes(&oops_id, sizeof(oops_id));
d6624f99
AV
323 else
324 oops_id++;
2c3b20e9
AV
325
326 return 0;
327}
328late_initcall(init_oops_id);
329
71c33911
AV
330static void print_oops_end_marker(void)
331{
332 init_oops_id();
333 printk(KERN_WARNING "---[ end trace %016llx ]---\n",
334 (unsigned long long)oops_id);
335}
336
dd287796
AM
337/*
338 * Called when the architecture exits its oops handler, after printing
339 * everything.
340 */
341void oops_exit(void)
342{
343 do_oops_enter_exit();
71c33911 344 print_oops_end_marker();
456b565c 345 kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_OOPS);
dd287796 346}
3162f751 347
79b4cc5e 348#ifdef WANT_WARN_ON_SLOWPATH
0f6f49a8
LT
349struct slowpath_args {
350 const char *fmt;
a8f18b90 351 va_list args;
0f6f49a8 352};
bd89bb29 353
0f6f49a8
LT
354static void warn_slowpath_common(const char *file, int line, void *caller, struct slowpath_args *args)
355{
356 const char *board;
a8f18b90
AV
357
358 printk(KERN_WARNING "------------[ cut here ]------------\n");
0f6f49a8 359 printk(KERN_WARNING "WARNING: at %s:%d %pS()\n", file, line, caller);
bd89bb29
AV
360 board = dmi_get_system_info(DMI_PRODUCT_NAME);
361 if (board)
362 printk(KERN_WARNING "Hardware name: %s\n", board);
74853dba 363
0f6f49a8
LT
364 if (args)
365 vprintk(args->fmt, args->args);
a8f18b90
AV
366
367 print_modules();
368 dump_stack();
369 print_oops_end_marker();
370 add_taint(TAINT_WARN);
371}
0f6f49a8
LT
372
373void warn_slowpath_fmt(const char *file, int line, const char *fmt, ...)
374{
375 struct slowpath_args args;
376
377 args.fmt = fmt;
378 va_start(args.args, fmt);
379 warn_slowpath_common(file, line, __builtin_return_address(0), &args);
380 va_end(args.args);
381}
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AK
382EXPORT_SYMBOL(warn_slowpath_fmt);
383
384void warn_slowpath_null(const char *file, int line)
385{
0f6f49a8 386 warn_slowpath_common(file, line, __builtin_return_address(0), NULL);
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AK
387}
388EXPORT_SYMBOL(warn_slowpath_null);
79b4cc5e
AV
389#endif
390
3162f751 391#ifdef CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR
54371a43 392
3162f751
AV
393/*
394 * Called when gcc's -fstack-protector feature is used, and
395 * gcc detects corruption of the on-stack canary value
396 */
397void __stack_chk_fail(void)
398{
517a92c4
IM
399 panic("stack-protector: Kernel stack is corrupted in: %p\n",
400 __builtin_return_address(0));
3162f751
AV
401}
402EXPORT_SYMBOL(__stack_chk_fail);
54371a43 403
3162f751 404#endif
f44dd164
RR
405
406core_param(panic, panic_timeout, int, 0644);
407core_param(pause_on_oops, pause_on_oops, int, 0644);