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1Output files
2
3modules.order
4--------------------------------------------------
5This file records the order in which modules appear in Makefiles. This
6is used by modprobe to deterministically resolve aliases that match
7multiple modules.
8
9modules.builtin
10--------------------------------------------------
11This file lists all modules that are built into the kernel. This is used
12by modprobe to not fail when trying to load something builtin.
13
14
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15Environment variables
16
17KCPPFLAGS
18--------------------------------------------------
19Additional options to pass when preprocessing. The preprocessing options
df291fa9 20will be used in all cases where kbuild does preprocessing including
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21building C files and assembler files.
22
23KAFLAGS
24--------------------------------------------------
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25Additional options to the assembler (for built-in and modules).
26
27AFLAGS_MODULE
28--------------------------------------------------
29Addtional module specific options to use for $(AS).
acc08b51 30
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31AFLAGS_KERNEL
32--------------------------------------------------
33Addtional options for $(AS) when used for assembler
34code for code that is compiled as built-in.
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35
36KCFLAGS
37--------------------------------------------------
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38Additional options to the C compiler (for built-in and modules).
39
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40CFLAGS_KERNEL
41--------------------------------------------------
42Addtional options for $(CC) when used to compile
43code that is compiled as built-in.
44
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45CFLAGS_MODULE
46--------------------------------------------------
47Addtional module specific options to use for $(CC).
48
49LDFLAGS_MODULE
50--------------------------------------------------
51Additional options used for $(LD) when linking modules.
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52
53KBUILD_VERBOSE
54--------------------------------------------------
df291fa9 55Set the kbuild verbosity. Can be assigned same values as "V=...".
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56See make help for the full list.
57Setting "V=..." takes precedence over KBUILD_VERBOSE.
58
59KBUILD_EXTMOD
60--------------------------------------------------
61Set the directory to look for the kernel source when building external
62modules.
63The directory can be specified in several ways:
641) Use "M=..." on the command line
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652) Environment variable KBUILD_EXTMOD
663) Environment variable SUBDIRS
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67The possibilities are listed in the order they take precedence.
68Using "M=..." will always override the others.
69
70KBUILD_OUTPUT
71--------------------------------------------------
72Specify the output directory when building the kernel.
c95940f2 73The output directory can also be specified using "O=...".
df291fa9 74Setting "O=..." takes precedence over KBUILD_OUTPUT.
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75
76ARCH
77--------------------------------------------------
78Set ARCH to the architecture to be built.
79In most cases the name of the architecture is the same as the
80directory name found in the arch/ directory.
df291fa9 81But some architectures such as x86 and sparc have aliases.
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82x86: i386 for 32 bit, x86_64 for 64 bit
83sparc: sparc for 32 bit, sparc64 for 64 bit
84
85CROSS_COMPILE
86--------------------------------------------------
87Specify an optional fixed part of the binutils filename.
88CROSS_COMPILE can be a part of the filename or the full path.
89
e8d400a9 90CROSS_COMPILE is also used for ccache in some setups.
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91
92CF
93--------------------------------------------------
94Additional options for sparse.
95CF is often used on the command-line like this:
96
97 make CF=-Wbitwise C=2
98
99INSTALL_PATH
100--------------------------------------------------
101INSTALL_PATH specifies where to place the updated kernel and system map
df291fa9 102images. Default is /boot, but you can set it to other values.
acc08b51 103
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104INSTALLKERNEL
105--------------------------------------------------
106Install script called when using "make install".
107The default name is "installkernel".
108
109The script will be called with the following arguments:
110 $1 - kernel version
111 $2 - kernel image file
112 $3 - kernel map file
113 $4 - default install path (use root directory if blank)
114
c95940f2 115The implementation of "make install" is architecture specific
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116and it may differ from the above.
117
118INSTALLKERNEL is provided to enable the possibility to
119specify a custom installer when cross compiling a kernel.
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120
121MODLIB
122--------------------------------------------------
123Specify where to install modules.
124The default value is:
125
126 $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/modules/$(KERNELRELEASE)
127
128The value can be overridden in which case the default value is ignored.
129
130INSTALL_MOD_PATH
131--------------------------------------------------
132INSTALL_MOD_PATH specifies a prefix to MODLIB for module directory
133relocations required by build roots. This is not defined in the
134makefile but the argument can be passed to make if needed.
135
136INSTALL_MOD_STRIP
137--------------------------------------------------
138INSTALL_MOD_STRIP, if defined, will cause modules to be
139stripped after they are installed. If INSTALL_MOD_STRIP is '1', then
140the default option --strip-debug will be used. Otherwise,
141INSTALL_MOD_STRIP will used as the options to the strip command.
142
143INSTALL_FW_PATH
144--------------------------------------------------
df291fa9 145INSTALL_FW_PATH specifies where to install the firmware blobs.
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146The default value is:
147
148 $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/firmware
149
150The value can be overridden in which case the default value is ignored.
151
152INSTALL_HDR_PATH
153--------------------------------------------------
df291fa9 154INSTALL_HDR_PATH specifies where to install user space headers when
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155executing "make headers_*".
156The default value is:
157
158 $(objtree)/usr
159
160$(objtree) is the directory where output files are saved.
161The output directory is often set using "O=..." on the commandline.
162
163The value can be overridden in which case the default value is ignored.
164
165KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN
166--------------------------------------------------
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167KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN can be set to avoid errors in case of undefined
168symbols in the final module linking stage. It changes such errors
169into warnings.
acc08b51 170
df291fa9 171KBUILD_MODPOST_NOFINAL
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172--------------------------------------------------
173KBUILD_MODPOST_NOFINAL can be set to skip the final link of modules.
df291fa9 174This is solely useful to speed up test compiles.
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175
176KBUILD_EXTRA_SYMBOLS
177--------------------------------------------------
df291fa9 178For modules that use symbols from other modules.
acc08b51 179See more details in modules.txt.
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180
181ALLSOURCE_ARCHS
182--------------------------------------------------
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183For tags/TAGS/cscope targets, you can specify more than one arch
184to be included in the databases, separated by blank space. E.g.:
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185
186 $ make ALLSOURCE_ARCHS="x86 mips arm" tags
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187
188To get all available archs you can also specify all. E.g.:
189
190 $ make ALLSOURCE_ARCHS=all tags