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1 /*
2  * linux/kernel/power/swap.c
3  *
4  * This file provides functions for reading the suspend image from
5  * and writing it to a swap partition.
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) 1998,2001-2005 Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
8  * Copyright (C) 2006 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
9  *
10  * This file is released under the GPLv2.
11  *
12  */
13
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/file.h>
16 #include <linux/delay.h>
17 #include <linux/bitops.h>
18 #include <linux/genhd.h>
19 #include <linux/device.h>
20 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
21 #include <linux/bio.h>
22 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
23 #include <linux/swap.h>
24 #include <linux/swapops.h>
25 #include <linux/pm.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27
28 #include "power.h"
29
30 #define SWSUSP_SIG      "S1SUSPEND"
31
32 /*
33  *      The swap map is a data structure used for keeping track of each page
34  *      written to a swap partition.  It consists of many swap_map_page
35  *      structures that contain each an array of MAP_PAGE_SIZE swap entries.
36  *      These structures are stored on the swap and linked together with the
37  *      help of the .next_swap member.
38  *
39  *      The swap map is created during suspend.  The swap map pages are
40  *      allocated and populated one at a time, so we only need one memory
41  *      page to set up the entire structure.
42  *
43  *      During resume we also only need to use one swap_map_page structure
44  *      at a time.
45  */
46
47 #define MAP_PAGE_ENTRIES        (PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(sector_t) - 1)
48
49 struct swap_map_page {
50         sector_t entries[MAP_PAGE_ENTRIES];
51         sector_t next_swap;
52 };
53
54 /**
55  *      The swap_map_handle structure is used for handling swap in
56  *      a file-alike way
57  */
58
59 struct swap_map_handle {
60         struct swap_map_page *cur;
61         sector_t cur_swap;
62         sector_t first_sector;
63         unsigned int k;
64 };
65
66 struct swsusp_header {
67         char reserved[PAGE_SIZE - 20 - sizeof(sector_t) - sizeof(int)];
68         sector_t image;
69         unsigned int flags;     /* Flags to pass to the "boot" kernel */
70         char    orig_sig[10];
71         char    sig[10];
72 } __attribute__((packed));
73
74 static struct swsusp_header *swsusp_header;
75
76 /**
77  *      The following functions are used for tracing the allocated
78  *      swap pages, so that they can be freed in case of an error.
79  */
80
81 struct swsusp_extent {
82         struct rb_node node;
83         unsigned long start;
84         unsigned long end;
85 };
86
87 static struct rb_root swsusp_extents = RB_ROOT;
88
89 static int swsusp_extents_insert(unsigned long swap_offset)
90 {
91         struct rb_node **new = &(swsusp_extents.rb_node);
92         struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
93         struct swsusp_extent *ext;
94
95         /* Figure out where to put the new node */
96         while (*new) {
97                 ext = container_of(*new, struct swsusp_extent, node);
98                 parent = *new;
99                 if (swap_offset < ext->start) {
100                         /* Try to merge */
101                         if (swap_offset == ext->start - 1) {
102                                 ext->start--;
103                                 return 0;
104                         }
105                         new = &((*new)->rb_left);
106                 } else if (swap_offset > ext->end) {
107                         /* Try to merge */
108                         if (swap_offset == ext->end + 1) {
109                                 ext->end++;
110                                 return 0;
111                         }
112                         new = &((*new)->rb_right);
113                 } else {
114                         /* It already is in the tree */
115                         return -EINVAL;
116                 }
117         }
118         /* Add the new node and rebalance the tree. */
119         ext = kzalloc(sizeof(struct swsusp_extent), GFP_KERNEL);
120         if (!ext)
121                 return -ENOMEM;
122
123         ext->start = swap_offset;
124         ext->end = swap_offset;
125         rb_link_node(&ext->node, parent, new);
126         rb_insert_color(&ext->node, &swsusp_extents);
127         return 0;
128 }
129
130 /**
131  *      alloc_swapdev_block - allocate a swap page and register that it has
132  *      been allocated, so that it can be freed in case of an error.
133  */
134
135 sector_t alloc_swapdev_block(int swap)
136 {
137         unsigned long offset;
138
139         offset = swp_offset(get_swap_page_of_type(swap));
140         if (offset) {
141                 if (swsusp_extents_insert(offset))
142                         swap_free(swp_entry(swap, offset));
143                 else
144                         return swapdev_block(swap, offset);
145         }
146         return 0;
147 }
148
149 /**
150  *      free_all_swap_pages - free swap pages allocated for saving image data.
151  *      It also frees the extents used to register which swap entres had been
152  *      allocated.
153  */
154
155 void free_all_swap_pages(int swap)
156 {
157         struct rb_node *node;
158
159         while ((node = swsusp_extents.rb_node)) {
160                 struct swsusp_extent *ext;
161                 unsigned long offset;
162
163                 ext = container_of(node, struct swsusp_extent, node);
164                 rb_erase(node, &swsusp_extents);
165                 for (offset = ext->start; offset <= ext->end; offset++)
166                         swap_free(swp_entry(swap, offset));
167
168                 kfree(ext);
169         }
170 }
171
172 int swsusp_swap_in_use(void)
173 {
174         return (swsusp_extents.rb_node != NULL);
175 }
176
177 /*
178  * General things
179  */
180
181 static unsigned short root_swap = 0xffff;
182 struct block_device *hib_resume_bdev;
183
184 /*
185  * Saving part
186  */
187
188 static int mark_swapfiles(struct swap_map_handle *handle, unsigned int flags)
189 {
190         int error;
191
192         hib_bio_read_page(swsusp_resume_block, swsusp_header, NULL);
193         if (!memcmp("SWAP-SPACE",swsusp_header->sig, 10) ||
194             !memcmp("SWAPSPACE2",swsusp_header->sig, 10)) {
195                 memcpy(swsusp_header->orig_sig,swsusp_header->sig, 10);
196                 memcpy(swsusp_header->sig,SWSUSP_SIG, 10);
197                 swsusp_header->image = handle->first_sector;
198                 swsusp_header->flags = flags;
199                 error = hib_bio_write_page(swsusp_resume_block,
200                                         swsusp_header, NULL);
201         } else {
202                 printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Swap header not found!\n");
203                 error = -ENODEV;
204         }
205         return error;
206 }
207
208 /**
209  *      swsusp_swap_check - check if the resume device is a swap device
210  *      and get its index (if so)
211  */
212
213 static int swsusp_swap_check(void) /* This is called before saving image */
214 {
215         int res;
216
217         res = swap_type_of(swsusp_resume_device, swsusp_resume_block,
218                         &hib_resume_bdev);
219         if (res < 0)
220                 return res;
221
222         root_swap = res;
223         res = blkdev_get(hib_resume_bdev, FMODE_WRITE);
224         if (res)
225                 return res;
226
227         res = set_blocksize(hib_resume_bdev, PAGE_SIZE);
228         if (res < 0)
229                 blkdev_put(hib_resume_bdev, FMODE_WRITE);
230
231         return res;
232 }
233
234 /**
235  *      write_page - Write one page to given swap location.
236  *      @buf:           Address we're writing.
237  *      @offset:        Offset of the swap page we're writing to.
238  *      @bio_chain:     Link the next write BIO here
239  */
240
241 static int write_page(void *buf, sector_t offset, struct bio **bio_chain)
242 {
243         void *src;
244
245         if (!offset)
246                 return -ENOSPC;
247
248         if (bio_chain) {
249                 src = (void *)__get_free_page(__GFP_WAIT | __GFP_HIGH);
250                 if (src) {
251                         memcpy(src, buf, PAGE_SIZE);
252                 } else {
253                         WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
254                         bio_chain = NULL;       /* Go synchronous */
255                         src = buf;
256                 }
257         } else {
258                 src = buf;
259         }
260         return hib_bio_write_page(offset, src, bio_chain);
261 }
262
263 static void release_swap_writer(struct swap_map_handle *handle)
264 {
265         if (handle->cur)
266                 free_page((unsigned long)handle->cur);
267         handle->cur = NULL;
268 }
269
270 static int get_swap_writer(struct swap_map_handle *handle)
271 {
272         handle->cur = (struct swap_map_page *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
273         if (!handle->cur)
274                 return -ENOMEM;
275         handle->cur_swap = alloc_swapdev_block(root_swap);
276         if (!handle->cur_swap) {
277                 release_swap_writer(handle);
278                 return -ENOSPC;
279         }
280         handle->k = 0;
281         handle->first_sector = handle->cur_swap;
282         return 0;
283 }
284
285 static int swap_write_page(struct swap_map_handle *handle, void *buf,
286                                 struct bio **bio_chain)
287 {
288         int error = 0;
289         sector_t offset;
290
291         if (!handle->cur)
292                 return -EINVAL;
293         offset = alloc_swapdev_block(root_swap);
294         error = write_page(buf, offset, bio_chain);
295         if (error)
296                 return error;
297         handle->cur->entries[handle->k++] = offset;
298         if (handle->k >= MAP_PAGE_ENTRIES) {
299                 error = hib_wait_on_bio_chain(bio_chain);
300                 if (error)
301                         goto out;
302                 offset = alloc_swapdev_block(root_swap);
303                 if (!offset)
304                         return -ENOSPC;
305                 handle->cur->next_swap = offset;
306                 error = write_page(handle->cur, handle->cur_swap, NULL);
307                 if (error)
308                         goto out;
309                 memset(handle->cur, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
310                 handle->cur_swap = offset;
311                 handle->k = 0;
312         }
313  out:
314         return error;
315 }
316
317 static int flush_swap_writer(struct swap_map_handle *handle)
318 {
319         if (handle->cur && handle->cur_swap)
320                 return write_page(handle->cur, handle->cur_swap, NULL);
321         else
322                 return -EINVAL;
323 }
324
325 /**
326  *      save_image - save the suspend image data
327  */
328
329 static int save_image(struct swap_map_handle *handle,
330                       struct snapshot_handle *snapshot,
331                       unsigned int nr_to_write)
332 {
333         unsigned int m;
334         int ret;
335         int nr_pages;
336         int err2;
337         struct bio *bio;
338         struct timeval start;
339         struct timeval stop;
340
341         printk(KERN_INFO "PM: Saving image data pages (%u pages) ...     ",
342                 nr_to_write);
343         m = nr_to_write / 100;
344         if (!m)
345                 m = 1;
346         nr_pages = 0;
347         bio = NULL;
348         do_gettimeofday(&start);
349         while (1) {
350                 ret = snapshot_read_next(snapshot);
351                 if (ret <= 0)
352                         break;
353                 ret = swap_write_page(handle, data_of(*snapshot), &bio);
354                 if (ret)
355                         break;
356                 if (!(nr_pages % m))
357                         printk(KERN_CONT "\b\b\b\b%3d%%", nr_pages / m);
358                 nr_pages++;
359         }
360         err2 = hib_wait_on_bio_chain(&bio);
361         do_gettimeofday(&stop);
362         if (!ret)
363                 ret = err2;
364         if (!ret)
365                 printk(KERN_CONT "\b\b\b\bdone\n");
366         else
367                 printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
368         swsusp_show_speed(&start, &stop, nr_to_write, "Wrote");
369         return ret;
370 }
371
372 /**
373  *      enough_swap - Make sure we have enough swap to save the image.
374  *
375  *      Returns TRUE or FALSE after checking the total amount of swap
376  *      space avaiable from the resume partition.
377  */
378
379 static int enough_swap(unsigned int nr_pages)
380 {
381         unsigned int free_swap = count_swap_pages(root_swap, 1);
382
383         pr_debug("PM: Free swap pages: %u\n", free_swap);
384         return free_swap > nr_pages + PAGES_FOR_IO;
385 }
386
387 /**
388  *      swsusp_write - Write entire image and metadata.
389  *      @flags: flags to pass to the "boot" kernel in the image header
390  *
391  *      It is important _NOT_ to umount filesystems at this point. We want
392  *      them synced (in case something goes wrong) but we DO not want to mark
393  *      filesystem clean: it is not. (And it does not matter, if we resume
394  *      correctly, we'll mark system clean, anyway.)
395  */
396
397 int swsusp_write(unsigned int flags)
398 {
399         struct swap_map_handle handle;
400         struct snapshot_handle snapshot;
401         struct swsusp_info *header;
402         int error;
403
404         error = swsusp_swap_check();
405         if (error) {
406                 printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Cannot find swap device, try "
407                                 "swapon -a.\n");
408                 return error;
409         }
410         memset(&snapshot, 0, sizeof(struct snapshot_handle));
411         error = snapshot_read_next(&snapshot);
412         if (error < PAGE_SIZE) {
413                 if (error >= 0)
414                         error = -EFAULT;
415
416                 goto out;
417         }
418         header = (struct swsusp_info *)data_of(snapshot);
419         if (!enough_swap(header->pages)) {
420                 printk(KERN_ERR "PM: Not enough free swap\n");
421                 error = -ENOSPC;
422                 goto out;
423         }
424         error = get_swap_writer(&handle);
425         if (!error) {
426                 error = swap_write_page(&handle, header, NULL);
427                 if (!error)
428                         error = save_image(&handle, &snapshot,
429                                         header->pages - 1);
430
431                 if (!error) {
432                         flush_swap_writer(&handle);
433                         printk(KERN_INFO "PM: S");
434                         error = mark_swapfiles(&handle, flags);
435                         printk("|\n");
436                 }
437         }
438         if (error)
439                 free_all_swap_pages(root_swap);
440
441         release_swap_writer(&handle);
442  out:
443         swsusp_close(FMODE_WRITE);
444         return error;
445 }
446
447 /**
448  *      The following functions allow us to read data using a swap map
449  *      in a file-alike way
450  */
451
452 static void release_swap_reader(struct swap_map_handle *handle)
453 {
454         if (handle->cur)
455                 free_page((unsigned long)handle->cur);
456         handle->cur = NULL;
457 }
458
459 static int get_swap_reader(struct swap_map_handle *handle, sector_t start)
460 {
461         int error;
462
463         if (!start)
464                 return -EINVAL;
465
466         handle->cur = (struct swap_map_page *)get_zeroed_page(__GFP_WAIT | __GFP_HIGH);
467         if (!handle->cur)
468                 return -ENOMEM;
469
470         error = hib_bio_read_page(start, handle->cur, NULL);
471         if (error) {
472                 release_swap_reader(handle);
473                 return error;
474         }
475         handle->k = 0;
476         return 0;
477 }
478
479 static int swap_read_page(struct swap_map_handle *handle, void *buf,
480                                 struct bio **bio_chain)
481 {
482         sector_t offset;
483         int error;
484
485         if (!handle->cur)
486                 return -EINVAL;
487         offset = handle->cur->entries[handle->k];
488         if (!offset)
489                 return -EFAULT;
490         error = hib_bio_read_page(offset, buf, bio_chain);
491         if (error)
492                 return error;
493         if (++handle->k >= MAP_PAGE_ENTRIES) {
494                 error = hib_wait_on_bio_chain(bio_chain);
495                 handle->k = 0;
496                 offset = handle->cur->next_swap;
497                 if (!offset)
498                         release_swap_reader(handle);
499                 else if (!error)
500                         error = hib_bio_read_page(offset, handle->cur, NULL);
501         }
502         return error;
503 }
504
505 /**
506  *      load_image - load the image using the swap map handle
507  *      @handle and the snapshot handle @snapshot
508  *      (assume there are @nr_pages pages to load)
509  */
510
511 static int load_image(struct swap_map_handle *handle,
512                       struct snapshot_handle *snapshot,
513                       unsigned int nr_to_read)
514 {
515         unsigned int m;
516         int error = 0;
517         struct timeval start;
518         struct timeval stop;
519         struct bio *bio;
520         int err2;
521         unsigned nr_pages;
522
523         printk(KERN_INFO "PM: Loading image data pages (%u pages) ...     ",
524                 nr_to_read);
525         m = nr_to_read / 100;
526         if (!m)
527                 m = 1;
528         nr_pages = 0;
529         bio = NULL;
530         do_gettimeofday(&start);
531         for ( ; ; ) {
532                 error = snapshot_write_next(snapshot);
533                 if (error <= 0)
534                         break;
535                 error = swap_read_page(handle, data_of(*snapshot), &bio);
536                 if (error)
537                         break;
538                 if (snapshot->sync_read)
539                         error = hib_wait_on_bio_chain(&bio);
540                 if (error)
541                         break;
542                 if (!(nr_pages % m))
543                         printk("\b\b\b\b%3d%%", nr_pages / m);
544                 nr_pages++;
545         }
546         err2 = hib_wait_on_bio_chain(&bio);
547         do_gettimeofday(&stop);
548         if (!error)
549                 error = err2;
550         if (!error) {
551                 printk("\b\b\b\bdone\n");
552                 snapshot_write_finalize(snapshot);
553                 if (!snapshot_image_loaded(snapshot))
554                         error = -ENODATA;
555         } else
556                 printk("\n");
557         swsusp_show_speed(&start, &stop, nr_to_read, "Read");
558         return error;
559 }
560
561 /**
562  *      swsusp_read - read the hibernation image.
563  *      @flags_p: flags passed by the "frozen" kernel in the image header should
564  *                be written into this memeory location
565  */
566
567 int swsusp_read(unsigned int *flags_p)
568 {
569         int error;
570         struct swap_map_handle handle;
571         struct snapshot_handle snapshot;
572         struct swsusp_info *header;
573
574         *flags_p = swsusp_header->flags;
575
576         memset(&snapshot, 0, sizeof(struct snapshot_handle));
577         error = snapshot_write_next(&snapshot);
578         if (error < PAGE_SIZE)
579                 return error < 0 ? error : -EFAULT;
580         header = (struct swsusp_info *)data_of(snapshot);
581         error = get_swap_reader(&handle, swsusp_header->image);
582         if (!error)
583                 error = swap_read_page(&handle, header, NULL);
584         if (!error)
585                 error = load_image(&handle, &snapshot, header->pages - 1);
586         release_swap_reader(&handle);
587
588         if (!error)
589                 pr_debug("PM: Image successfully loaded\n");
590         else
591                 pr_debug("PM: Error %d resuming\n", error);
592         return error;
593 }
594
595 /**
596  *      swsusp_check - Check for swsusp signature in the resume device
597  */
598
599 int swsusp_check(void)
600 {
601         int error;
602
603         hib_resume_bdev = open_by_devnum(swsusp_resume_device, FMODE_READ);
604         if (!IS_ERR(hib_resume_bdev)) {
605                 set_blocksize(hib_resume_bdev, PAGE_SIZE);
606                 memset(swsusp_header, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
607                 error = hib_bio_read_page(swsusp_resume_block,
608                                         swsusp_header, NULL);
609                 if (error)
610                         goto put;
611
612                 if (!memcmp(SWSUSP_SIG, swsusp_header->sig, 10)) {
613                         memcpy(swsusp_header->sig, swsusp_header->orig_sig, 10);
614                         /* Reset swap signature now */
615                         error = hib_bio_write_page(swsusp_resume_block,
616                                                 swsusp_header, NULL);
617                 } else {
618                         error = -EINVAL;
619                 }
620
621 put:
622                 if (error)
623                         blkdev_put(hib_resume_bdev, FMODE_READ);
624                 else
625                         pr_debug("PM: Signature found, resuming\n");
626         } else {
627                 error = PTR_ERR(hib_resume_bdev);
628         }
629
630         if (error)
631                 pr_debug("PM: Error %d checking image file\n", error);
632
633         return error;
634 }
635
636 /**
637  *      swsusp_close - close swap device.
638  */
639
640 void swsusp_close(fmode_t mode)
641 {
642         if (IS_ERR(hib_resume_bdev)) {
643                 pr_debug("PM: Image device not initialised\n");
644                 return;
645         }
646
647         blkdev_put(hib_resume_bdev, mode);
648 }
649
650 static int swsusp_header_init(void)
651 {
652         swsusp_header = (struct swsusp_header*) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
653         if (!swsusp_header)
654                 panic("Could not allocate memory for swsusp_header\n");
655         return 0;
656 }
657
658 core_initcall(swsusp_header_init);